袁枚的生死观

袁枚的生死观是其人生观的重要内容,深受庄子思想的影响。袁枚面对死亡具有达观的态度,其自作挽诗特别是邀人同挽,把死亡视为可吟咏的审美对象,作为获取审美愉悦的创作的契机,实乃卓特超俗之举。但这不等于说袁枚恶生爱死。事实上他不仅不厌恶生,而且对生是十分珍视留恋的。     

论死缓变更制度的适用与完善

死缓变更制度及其存在的问题是一个重要但似乎被法学界遗忘的课题。本文从变更程序、管辖以及变更事由等方面对死缓变更制度的适用与完善进行了全面的探讨     

论死因分析

查明死亡原因是法医尸检的主要目的之一,错误的死因分析必然引致全案错误的导向,法医学死因分析鉴定是法医病理学的核心,在死因分析中,对死因、死亡机理、死亡方式等应科学进行分析。     

社区应急能力建设的现状分析与路径选择——重庆市社区应急能力建设的调查与思考

社区是预防和应对突发事件的前沿阵地。加强社区应急能力建设,对于"平安重庆"建设、"和谐重庆"构建、确保重庆市经济社会又好又快发展、率先在西部全面实现小康具有重大意义。有必要对"紧急事件"、"危机"、"突发事件","危机管理"与"应急管理","应急管理能力"与"应急能力"概念进行辨析,界定"社区应急能力"概念的内涵,辨识社区应急能力构成要素,分析重庆市社区应急能力建设的现状和存在问题,并提出加强重庆市社区应急能力建设的现实路径。     

Impact of Myocardial Infarction and Abnormalities of Cardiac Conduction System on Sudden Cardiac DeathCSCD

Sudden cardiac death (SCD), most commonly seen in coronary heart disease, is a kind of sudden death caused by series of cardiac parameters, which usually combines with myocardial infarction. However, some SCDs (including early myocardial infarction) happen suddenly and cause death in a very short time. In these circumstances, typical morphological changes are lack in macroscopic or microscopic fields, which make such SCDs become the emphasis and difficulty in the present research. SCD caused by myocardial infarction and abnormalities of cardiac conduction system (CCS) is related to atherosclerosis of coronary artery closely. This paper reviews cardiac dysfunction caused by myocardial infarction and diseases of CCS from morphology and molecular biology, and explores potential relationship between them. This paper aims to provide clues to the mechanism of myocardial infarction related sudden death and possible assistance for forensic diagnosis of SCD. © 2017 by the Editorial Department of Journal of Forensic Medicine.     

Correlation between Genetic Variants and Polymorphism of Caveolin and Sudden Unexplained DeathCSCD

Objective: To explore the genetic variation sites of caveolin (CAV) and their correlation with sudden unexplained death (SUD). Methods: The blood samples were collected from SUD group (71 cases), coronary artery disease (CAD) group (62 cases) and control group (60 cases), respectively. The genome DNA were extracted and sequencing was performed directly by amplifying gene coding region and exonintron splicing region of CAV1 and CAV3 using PCR. The type of heritable variation of CVA was confirmed and statistical analysis was performed. Results: A total of 4 variation sites that maybe significative were identified in SUD group, and two were newfound which were CAV1:c.45C>T (T15T) and G4V7:C.512G>A (R171H), and two were SNP loci which were CAVl:c.246C>T (rs35242077) and CAV3:C.990T (rsl008642) and had significant difference (P<0.05) in allele and genotype frequencies between SUD and control groups. Forementioned variation sites were not found in CAD group. Conclusion: The variants of CAV1 and CAV3 may be correlated with a part of SUD group. © 2017 by the Editorial Department of Journal of Forensic Medicine.     

结合刑法修正案（八）探析我国刑罚结构改革——以刑罚轻缓化为视角

我国刑罚结构是以死刑、自由刑为中心,属于重刑结构。刑法修正案（八）彻底贯彻了宽严相济刑事政策,重在完善刑事处罚体系,对刑罚进一步轻缓化具有极其重要的现实意义。但是,此次修法也给我国刑罚体系结构带来一些新问题,因此,还应在刑法修正案（八）的基础上,再进一步地削减死刑罪名,调整死刑与无期徒刑、有期徒刑之间的结构关系,提高罚金刑的地位和增设轻刑刑种等,对刑罚的设置进行结构性的改革。     

“上帝之死“时代中的朋霍费尔

我们所处的时代的信仰状况就是"上帝之死",这一历史进程具有多种含义.20世纪伟大的基督教神学家朋霍费尔对"上帝之死"作出了神学的回应,他的"上帝之死神学"指出,上帝之死是那种显示神迹的上帝概念的失败,真正的上帝概念是一个受难的上帝.     

152例火场尸体的法医学检验分析

目的 探讨火场尸体的法医学检验特点及其鉴定。方法 对86起火场中152例尸体的相关检验资料进行回顾性研究。结果 152例火场尸体,生前烧死109例,纵火焚尸38例,无明显高温作用的尸体5例。主要死因有“烧死综合征”100例,火场有毒气体中毒8例,机械性损伤32例(含高坠死4例),机械性窒息5例,电击、服毒各1例;不能确定死因5例。自杀5例,他杀40例,意外107例。在生前烧死尸体,87例呼吸道内有炭末沉着,71例皮肤局部烧伤边缘组织有红肿,46例检见水泡,17例有“闭眼反应”征象,大部分尸体血中HbCO浓度超过20％;纵火焚尸少见或不见上述改变。结论 检验火场尸体,根据烧死尸体征象和血中HbCO浓度检测,并结合火场勘验资料综合分析,其死因鉴定和死亡方式推断结论方能准确。     

Diagnostic value of post-mortem examination of the cardiac conduction system

Introduction (Aim)

Sudden unexplained death (SUD) is a common problem in forensic pathology. In many of these cases, the autopsy findings, toxicological examinations and patient history are inconclusive. Many studies suggest that in such cases, the cardiac conduction system (CCS) should be histologically examined. We decided to determine the diagnostic value of histological examination of the CCS.

Methods

We reviewed autopsy files from the period 2005–2007 and selected those cases in which the CCS had been sampled. These were divided into two groups, the first comprising cases with an obvious cardiac pathology (e.g. severe coronary disease, myocardial infarction, significant myocardial hypertrophy/dilatation, valvular disease, etc.) and the second comprising cases without obvious cardiac pathology (i.e. fatal injuries, intoxications and deaths unexplainable by routine procedures). The CCS was sampled according to a detailed protocol and examined under a light microscope. On the basis of the findings of histological examination of CCS, we formed subgroups of the aforementioned main groups.

Results

We analyzed 118 cases, of which 83 were males and 35 females. In 57% of cases, autopsy revealed gross pathological abnormalities of the heart. In 10 (15%) of them, examination of the CCS showed significant pathological changes (narrowing of the nodal artery and its branches, moderate to severe interstitial fibrosis, calcifications in the central fibrous body impinging upon CCS). In some, especially those with no acute findings, CCS disease can be considered to have been the cause of fatal arrhythmias. In 43% of cases, autopsy revealed no gross abnormalities of the heart, while histological examination of the CCS disclosed significant pathological changes in 4 (8%). Among them, CCS disease was regarded as the cause of death in one case and as a possible cause in another case.

Conclusion

As with other similar studies, our study showed that examination of the CCS can provide valuable information on the cause of death. We therefore consider that examination of the CCS should be performed in all SUD cases, especially those in which the cause of death cannot be established by routine procedures. Although we had only 1 confirmed cause of death linked to CCS disease and one possible, we had 14 cases with significant pathological CCS changes. This leads us to the conclusion that post-mortem examination of the CCS is of diagnostic value.