Suicide Ideation among Participants in an After-School Program: A Convenience Sample

This exploratory study examined differences between elementary-age youth who have considered suicide and their peers using a data set that was collected from elementary school-age children (N = 51) who participated in an after-school program. Data were collected using a standardized survey assessing daily activities, social support, self-esteem, and antisocial behaviors. Youth considering suicide were distinctive from their peers in two composite measures representing club affiliation and illicit drug use. However, these two groups of youth did not differ in attitudes about school or a composite measure of worry, low confidence, and antisociality. These findings were interpreted as reflecting these vulnerable youths' ambivalence about seeking help, which presents an opportunity for intervention.     

Preventing youth suicide: issues for law enforcement personnel

Suicide is a leading cause of death for adolescents. A number of problem behaviors associated with youth suicide fall into the purview of law enforcement personnel, and they are therefore in a position to detect risk and prevent suicidal behaviors. Eight hundred one youth identified as having school difficulty, a group at increased risk for both suicide and legal problems, participated in a paper and pencil survey followed by an interview focusing on suicide risk and protective factors. Linear regression was used to examine the ability of factors within each risk and protective factor dimension to predict current suicide risk. The study goal was to determine the most relevant factors influencing suicide risk in each domain examined. Findings are discussed in terms of implications for assessment and policy for law enforcement personnel.     

Extending the Practice of Physician‐Assisted Suicide to Competent Minors

In an effort to address the mental and physical suffering terminally ill patients endure, some states have either legalized or decriminalized physician‐assisted suicide—a practice commonly referred to as death with dignity. However, as the practice of physician‐assisted suicide becomes accepted among states, competent minors continue to be excluded from legislative and judicial decisions. Regardless of parental consent, states institute an age requirement of eighteen years old for participants of physician‐assisted suicide. This Note proposes that states amend their physician‐assisted suicide statutes to (1) remove any age restriction, (2) create a standard of competency that minors must meet to be eligible for physician‐assisted suicide, and (3) implement a procedure to determine whether a minor meets the competency standard.     

论法律逻辑学与法律思维能力的培养

法律思维能力是法律职业能力结构中的决定性因素.法律逻辑是训练法律思维的必要的、有效的工具.法律逻辑有助于准确掌握和运用法律概念,合乎逻辑地建立和把握命题并进行法律推理,对即将作出的法律裁决或法律意见进行逻辑论证.为达到将逻辑理论知识转化为法律思维能力之目的,法律逻辑学应在教学内容和教学方法等方面进行改革.     

当前女性自杀性恐怖犯罪新态势及根源

自杀性恐怖犯罪是为了达成某种政治目标或恐怖效果而经常采取的一种恐怖犯罪行为。近年来由女性直接实施自杀性恐怖犯罪的数量开始明显增多，并在犯罪主体成分、犯罪手段、犯罪形式与数量、犯罪科技化程度等方面呈现出了新的态势。究其根源．社会地位低下是女性参与自杀性恐怖犯罪活动的基础根源，民族主义因素与宗教文化影响是其思想根源，战乱冲突境况是其外在根源，恐怖组织利用是其重要根源。     

Community Characteristics and Death by Homicide,Suicide and Drug Overdose in Italy: The Role of Civic Engagement

A number of recent theories suggest that high civicness, civic participation and social capital protect a community from deviant behavior. Most empirical studies of this hypothesis have been conducted in North America. This paper examines to what extent this hypothesis applies to Italy and to three forms of violent death: homicide, suicide, and drug overdose, using the Putnam concept of civicness. Official statistics on civicness, unemployment, per capita G.D.P., urbanization, couples’ separation and age group concentration from the 95 sub-regions (provinces) of Italy were used as predictors of violent death. Among regions, homicide and suicide rates were negatively correlated. Southern provinces had more homicides, while northern provinces had more suicides and deaths from drug overdose. Analyses of interactions among independent variables revealed that certain relationships, which at first sight appeared to concern the whole of Italy, in reality concern only the north or only the south. This suggests the existence of specific effects, whereby some independent variables are only triggered in the particular conditions encountered in the north or in the south of Italy. Civicness was negatively associated with homicide only in the south, where it was also positively associated with suicide. Death by drug overdose was mostly explained by wealth. The overall pattern of results was more complex than present theories suggest.     

实证、诠释与话语：社会分析模式比较——以自杀现象为例（下）

实证主义社会学家将"自杀"视为一种纯粹给定的、独立于社会成员个人主观意识之外的"客观性现实",诠释社会学家则将"自杀"视为一种由社会成员个人的主观意识建构出来的"主观性现实",与它们都不同,多元话语分析学者则将"自杀"视为一种由社会成员在特定话语系统的约束和引导之下、借助于一些特定的话语策略而建构出来的"话语性现实";与此相应,实证主义社会学家们在对"自杀"现象进行研究时总是致力于探究支配着"自杀"现象形成和变化的"客观规律",诠释社会学家们则总是致力于考察导致"自杀"现象产生和变化的那些主观意识,而多元话语分析学者们则主张致力于探讨人们将一起行为建构为"自杀"现象的那些话语策略及其背后的话语系统。     

Death in bathtub revisited with molecular genetics: a victim with suicidal traits and a LQTS gene mutation

A 44-year-old woman with a medical history of mental disorders and previous suicidal behaviour was found in a bathtub and pronounced death few minutes later despite of resuscitation attempts. After police investigation and on the basis of autopsy findings, the death was classified as suicide drowning. Retrospective examination of clinical data revealed, a prolonged rate-corrected QT-interval (QTc: 468 ms) 3 months before death. Post-mortem (PM) DNA analysis disclosed KCNH2_FIN mutation for the long-QT syndrome (LQTS). The value of PM molecular screening for LQTS is emphasised, especially for victims of putative drowning.     

实证、诠释与话语：社会分析模式比较——以自杀现象为例（上）

实证主义社会学家将“自杀”视为一种纯粹给定的、独立于社会成员个人主观意识之外的“客观性现实”,诠释社会学家则将“自杀”视为一种由社会成员个人的主观意识建构出来的“主观性现实”;与它们都不同,多元话语分析学者则将“自杀”视为一种由社会成员在特定话语系统的约束和引导之下、借助于一些特定的话语策略而建构出来的“话语性现实”;与此相应,实证主义社会学家们在对“自杀”现象进行研究时总是致力于探究支配着“自杀”现象形成和变化的“客观规律”,诠释社会学家们则总是致力于考察导致“自杀”现象产生和变化的那些主观意识,而多元话语分析学者们则主张致力于探讨人们将一起行为建构为“自杀”现象的那些话语策略及其背后的话语系统。