关于劳动争议仲裁申请期限起点的探讨

《劳动法》规定劳动争议仲裁申请期限自"劳动争议发生之日"起计算。对该起点的规定,引发了一些法理冲突和法条矛盾,导致了在法律适用和执行上的困难。因此,法律应当对仲裁申请期限的起点作出一个具有可操作性的规定,从而有利于维护当事人的合法权益     

中国近代司法改革:从四级三审制到三级三审

审级制度是一国司法制度的重要组成部分。它的设置科学、合理与否,直接关系到司法基本价值目标的实现。中国近代审级制度,从整体上讲,经历了从四级三审制到三级三审制的变革。尽管在观念和形式上,三级三审制更加进步和适合当时之国情,但是,由于政治、经济、人才等各种因素的制约,两种审级制度均未能发挥其预设的理想功能。     

大鼠死后肌肉组织电阻抗幅值和相位角变化推断死后间隔时间的研究

目的研究大鼠死后皮下肌肉组织电阻抗幅值和相位角的变化规律，探讨生物电阻抗技术推断中晚期PMI的价值。方法利用四电极阻抗测量系统测量20只大鼠死后4种不同环境温度皮下肌肉组织电阻抗幅值和相位角，并用Excel及MATLAB对所得的离散阻抗数据进行处理。结果（1）所有死亡大鼠皮下肌肉组织的电阻抗幅值都呈现出相似的先升后降的变化趋势，且中、长期的下降部分有一定的线性变化趋势。电阻抗下降段斜率与温度的变化呈正相关关系，且在不同环境温度时，下降段斜率与PMI的相关性都较高，均大于0．97。因此，有可能利用这一线性关系推断中、晚期PMI。（2）所有死亡大鼠皮下肌肉组织的电阻抗相位角没有相似的变化规律，其变化杂乱无章。结论如果找出电阻抗幅值下降段起点、峰值、斜率这3者之间的确定关系，就可利用下降段的线性关系为推断中晚期PMI提供一定的判断依据。     

大湖时代南昌产业集群战略性发展研究

随着经济全球化的发展,竞争已经从企业间竞争向产业集群间竞争演化,产业集群发展也已经成为了一种引人关注的区域经济发展模式和产业发展的重要组织形式。南昌作为"鄱阳湖生态经济区"建设核心城市,对区域经济发展的带动,不仅取决于其自身经济规模的大小,还取决于能否切实采取新的发展模式,其产业集群的发展趋势也直接关系到南昌的整体经济的实力、活力与未来。本文通过对南昌产业集群发展现状和面临问题的分析,分层提出了南昌产业集群未来的发展的视野和建议。     

从“海通”轮案看期租合同的履行

期租合同双方的权利和义务,一般是由当事人根据市场行情和交易习惯自主确立的。在期租合同履行结束后,由于期租期间承租人与他人的债权债务纠纷而导致出租人的船舶被第三人申请扣押,承租人是否还要为此承担责任?如果船东为了解除对船舶的扣押而代替承租人向其债权人履行了债务,船东是否有权向承租人进行追偿?文章根据一案例探讨了与期租合同履行有关的问题。     

The Impact of Fiscal Decentralisation on Education and Other Types of Spending

Scholars have argued about the impact of fiscal decentralisation on public spending for a long time without coming to any firm theoretical and empirical conclusions. In contrast to earlier studies, this paper looks at the impact of fiscal decentralisation across different types of spending. The conventional wisdom of a “race to the bottom” in taxes and spending as a consequence of fiscal decentralization is juxtaposed to the recent literature on expenditure competition, which posits that expansive local competition results in higher spending in fiscally decentralized countries. We argue that the effects of fiscal decentralization should be seen most clearly for those types of policies which are provisioned mainly on the local/regional level. Empirically, we find a robust and positive association between fiscal decentralization and aggregate levels of education spending. However, when looking at public policies provided at the national level (e.g. pension policies), fiscal decentralisation is associated with lower levels of aggregate spending. The argument is tested empirically by means of cross‐sectional regressions as well as a pooled time series analysis of education, pension, social and total public spending in OECD countries from 1980 to 2001.     

人口老龄化与农村老年医疗保障制度

人口老龄化导致老年人医疗服务需要增加。然而,经济因素制约了老年人医疗服务需要向需求的转化,阻碍了老年人健康状况的改善。为实现世界卫生组织(W H O)提出的“健康老龄化”目标,促进全面建设小康目标的实现,必须为老年人尤其是收入低且几乎没有任何医疗保障的大量农村老年人建立医疗保障制度。建立制度面临筹资来源少、技术难度高、医疗卫生条件落后等制约因素,需要采取“低水平、广覆盖、采用多种模式、利用各方力量、加强配套设施”的发展策略。通过建立农村老年医疗救助、合作医疗、“时间储蓄”等多种制度,提供完善的医疗供方体系,保障农村老年人的基本医疗需求,促进其健康状况的改善。     

Fingermark detection based on the in situ growth of luminescent nanoparticles--towards a new generation of multimetal deposition

The in situ deposition of zinc oxide on gold nanoparticles in aqueous solution has been here successfully applied in the field of fingermark detection on various non-porous surfaces. In this article, we present the improvement of the multimetal deposition, an existing technique limited up to now to non-luminescent results, by obtaining luminescent fingermarks with very good contrast and details. This is seen as a major improvement in the field in terms of selectivity and sensitivity of detection, especially on black surfaces.     

不同时期党的先进性与时代精神

党的先进性是党建的永恒主题。党在不同历史时期将党的先进性教育与时代精神相结合,对党员进行教育,培养党员的时代精神。在中国共产党成立90周年之际,回顾党的先进性建设历史,有利于提高党的领导水平和执政能力。     

Columnar‐Thin‐Film‐Assisted Visualization of Depleted Sebaceous Fingermarks on Nonporous Metals and Hard Plastics

A fingermark on a nonporous substrate can be developed by depositing a columnar thin film (CTF) on it, but the CTF technique's sensitivity for low‐quality fingermarks is unknown. The optimized CTF and traditional development of several depletion series of sebaceous‐loaded fingermarks were compared using a split‐print methodology as well as subjective and objective grading schemes, in a limited laboratory trial. CTF development was superior to development with selected traditional techniques on brass, anodized aluminum, black acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS), and white nylon. On white ABS and black nylon, the CTF technique performed poorly but still as well as the best‐performing traditional development technique. The CTF technique was more sensitive on brass and anodized aluminum than, and as sensitive on the four hard plastics and stainless steel as, the best‐performing traditional technique. Thus, the CTF technique is useful to develop friction‐ridge detail from limited fingermark residue on some smooth substrates.