农民工城市融合概念及对城市感知关系的影响——基于上海农民工的调查研究

数以亿计的农民工和谐融入城市是当前以及未来中国社会发展中的重大问题。为了研究文化融合、经济融合、政治融合和社会融合等诸方面的因素是如何影响农民工对城市的感知关系水平的,基于2010年在沪农民工的问卷调查数据,考察了农民工城市融合诸因素对城市感知关系(生活满意度、认同度、未来发展意愿)的影响。发现:文化融合程度越高,农民工对上海的认同程度就越高,也会更愿意留在上海发展,但其生活满意度未必越高;经济融合程度越高,城市生活满意度、城市认同度和未来留在上海发展的意愿都越高;政治融合只对未来发展意愿有影响;社会融合越高,农民工对城市的认同度越高,对生活也越满意。研究为政府引导和促进农民工和谐融入城市提供了新的视角。     

Untangling Housing Cost and Transportation Interactions: The Location Affordability Index Model—Version 2 (LAIM2)

Abstract

It is now accepted that to have an understanding of housing affordability one must consider not only housing costs, but also the transportation costs associated with that household location. To make this information readily accessible to the public, the United States government created an Internet resource, the Location Affordability Portal – Version 2 (www.locationaffordability.info), to provide housing and transportation costs for every neighborhood in all 50 states and the District of Columbia. Although the statistical model at the heart of this resource was designed for predictive accuracy, its design and parameter estimates can provide additional insights into the interaction of housing cost and transportation choices (and thus its cost). This study describes the development and explores the policy implications (and limitations) of this structural equations model, the Location Affordability Index Model – Version 2 (LAIM2).     

Arrested conflict: transnational place-making in Polish-German border towns

This paper studies the role of cross-border interactions and public spaces in the local mediation of national conflicts in three Polish-German border towns. It draws on Luc Boltanski's pragmatic sociology in order to address questions raised in the recent literature on urban conflict and borders. Our analysis traces transformations under Schengen in relation to Boltanski's concepts of uncertainty, justification and tests. We investigate ordinary inhabitants' everyday experiences through different place-making strategies in the context of a shifting border. Recent transformations challenge a longstanding situation of “arrested conflict” rooted in blocked local networks, disconnected from supranational discourses of cooperation.     

我国城市老年人居家养老与社区照顾初探

我国人口老龄化发展速度快,老龄化地区差异大,城市老人家庭空巢化、高龄化现象日渐严重,传统家庭养老模式已无法满足城市老年人的养老需求,社区的发展使社区成为城市为老服务的最佳载体。推行居家养老与社区照顾相结合的养老方式是解决我国城市老年人养老问题的最佳选择。     

城市治理数字化转型:动因、内涵与路径

数字时代呼唤与之相适应的城市治理新形态。技术变革的驱动力、治理生态的不确定性、治理问题的复杂性以及治理需求的多样性共同驱动城市治理数字化转型。城市治理数字化转型要及时回应数字时代需求,坚守以人民为中心的核心价值,重视制度变革的基石作用,充分发挥技术创新的驱动力,实现城市治理的科学化、精准化、智慧化与高效能。城市治理数字化转型的实现,需构建全功能集成、全网络融合、全周期管理、全要素连接的数智治理体系,促进城市治理现代化。     

日本“不登校”研究对我国城市辍学研究的启示

辍学作为世界范围内的教育病理现象之一,已经引起各国的广泛关注。目前我国尤其是城市地区出现由非经济原因引起的辍学现象。日本自20世纪50年代开始就出现此类现象,并已形成较系统的学生"不登校"理论和实践体系。本文对日本的不登校研究和我国的城市辍学研究做了比较和分析,并从概念、理论、实践和理念四个角度,探讨了日本"不登校"研究对我国城市辍学研究的借鉴意义和启示。     

城市商业银行公司治理

完善城市商业银行公司治理,应在分析缺陷的基础上,优化股权结构,强化董事会建设,加强公司治理监管,强化激励约束机制,完善信息披露。     

家庭主要照顾者与我国老年人对社区服务需求的研究

通过分析2010年中国城乡老年人口状况追踪调查的数据,本文探讨了家庭主要照顾者对我国城乡老年人社区服务需求的影响。主要照顾者被分为五类,即配偶、儿子、女儿、儿媳和其他人。配偶和儿子在我国城乡老年人照顾者中所占的比例最高;儿媳在农村老年人主要照顾者中占的比例较高。对各种社区服务有需求的农村老人的比例高于城市老人;城乡老年人对上门看病和上门护理服务需求最高。回归结果表明,被配偶和女儿照顾的城市老人对社区服务有需求的可能性较小;被女儿照顾的农村老人对社区服务有需求的可能性较低。这说明被不同照顾者照料的老年人对社区服务的需求有显著差异;被儿子、儿媳和其他人照料的老年人很可能是今后我国老年社区服务的主要对象。     

Maximizing order or harm? Arrests among a social network of people who inject drugs in a large urban city

Encountering the criminal justice system at the first point of entry---an arrest---is associated with heightened HIV and Hepatitis risk behavior among people who inject drugs (PWIDS). Intervening structurally through the criminal justice system impacts public health; therefore, determining arrest patterns is an important tool for risk reduction. Among a sample of 740 PWIDs, and their social network members recruited from predominantly African-American neighborhoods in Baltimore City, a third were recently arrested in the previous six months, and of those, the arrests were disproportionately African-American persons and characterized as nonviolent, i.e., drug possession/attempt to purchase (38%) and loitering (29%). Poisson regression models were built adjusted for age, sex, race, education level, homelessness, and monthly income after exploring bivariable characteristics of arrests using chi-squared tests. Active drug use was associated with a recent arrest (adjusted prevalence ratio: aPR 2.38 95% CI 1.6, 3.6), in addition to participants who recently reported attending a syringe exchange program (aPR 1.45 95% CI 1.1, 2.0). Our findings are suggestive of recent media coverage and burgeoning research revealing the prioritization of policing resources toward both communities of color and neighborhoods of intensified drug trafficking. Further research is warranted to contextualize the operationalization of criminal justice resources and the impact on community health.     

张家界国际休闲度假城市建设路径选择

张家界是一个旅游资源极为丰富、且以观光旅游为主的知名旅游城市。但由于对门票经济依赖较重,至今产业结构比较单一,经济发展波动很大,综合实力不强。加快观光旅游向休闲度假旅游的转变,尽快把张家界建设成为国际休闲度假城市是解决现有矛盾的关键。