Simultaneous analysis of six amphetamines and analogues in hair, blood and urine by LC-ESI-MS/MS: Application to the determination of MDMA after low Ecstasy intake

A rapid and sensitive method using LC-MS/MS triple stage quadrupole for the determination of traces of amphetamine (AP), methamphetamine (MA), 3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDA), 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, “ecstasy”), 3,4-methylenedioxyethamphetamine (MDEA), and N-methyl-1-(3,4-methylenedioxyphenyl)-2-butanamine (MBDB) in hair, blood and urine has been developed and validated. Chromatography was carried out on an Uptisphere ODB C₁₈ 5 μm, 2.1 mm × 150 mm column (Interchim, France) with a gradient of acetonitrile and formate 2 mM pH 3.0 buffer. Urine and blood were extracted with Toxitube A^® (Varian, France). Segmented scalp hair was treated by incubation 15 min at 80 °C in NaOH 1 M before liquid–liquid extraction with hexane/ethyl acetate (2/1, v/v). The limits of quantification (LOQ) in blood and urine were at 0.1 ng/mL for all analytes. In hair, LOQ was <5 pg/mg for MA, MDMA, MDEA and MBDB, at 14.7 pg/mg for AP and 15.7 pg/mg for MDA. Calibration curves were linear in the range 0.1–50 ng/mL in blood and urine; in the range 5–500 pg/mg for MA, MDMA, MDEA and MBDB, and 20–500 pg/mg for AP and MDA. Inter-day precisions were <13% for all analytes in all matrices. Accuracy was <20% in blood and urine at 1 and 50 ng/mL and <10% in hair at 20 and 250 pg/mg. This method was applied to the determination of MDMA in a forensic case of single administration of ecstasy to a 16-year-old female without her knowledge during a party. She suffered from hyperactivity, sweating and agitation. A first sample of urine was collected a few hours after (T + 12 h) and tested positive to amphetamines by immunoassay by a clinical laboratory. Blood and urine were sampled for forensic purposes at day 8 (D + 8) and scalp hair at day 60 (D + 60). No MDMA was detected in blood, but urine and hair were tested positive, respectively at 0.42 ng/mL and at 22 pg/mg in hair only in the segment corresponding to the period of the offence, while no MDA was detectable. This method allows the detection of MDMA up to 8 days in urine after single intake.     

Successful DNA typing of ultrafiltered urines used to detect EPO doping

Endogenous and exogenous erythropoietin (EPO) present in urine can be distinguished according to their isoelectric profiles. This methodology requires urine samples to be concentrated about 200 to 1000 times with manipulations that should remove most of the cells occurring in the original sample. In this study, we tried to obtain DNA profiles from 10 ultrafiltered urines (retentates) in order to evaluate whether a formal genetic identification was technically feasible. No nuclear DNA profiles could be established from retentates, despite 34 PCR-cycles amplifications. Contrastingly, mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) profiles were obtained for 9 out of the 10 retentates. Apart from some particularities, retentate mtDNA profiles were all distinct and matched mtDNA profiles of corresponding reference samples.     

谈摹仿笔迹的检验

摹仿笔迹是违法犯罪人常用的一种手段，也是笔迹鉴定中比较困难的一种，在司法实践中比较常见。本文通过对摹仿笔迹进行一定的理论分析，提出对摹仿笔迹检验的对策，以期能为案件的顺利侦破及能得到公正的审判提供依据。     

高职院校法律专业的进路与出路

统一司法考试对高等职业院校法律专业的生存和发展带来巨大冲击，也出现了要求取消高职院校法律专业的呼声。高职院校法律专业要摆脱困境，其进路是要走出思想误区，端正思想认识；出路是要有准确的办学定位，以市场为导向，构建多元化的教学课程和实践课程体系，着眼于学生应用能力的培养，形成差异化能力。     

杞菊地黄丸快检方法研究

目的:制定杞菊地黄丸的快检方法.方法:采用乙醇研磨制备供试品溶液,经薄层展开后,分别对丹皮酚、熊果酸、马钱苷进行定性鉴别.结果:丹皮酚、熊果酸和马钱苷均可用薄层色谱法(thin layer chromatography,TLC)快速检出.结论:所建立的方法快速、简便,可准确地对丹皮酚、熊果酸、马钱苷进行定性鉴别,可作为该制剂的快速筛检方法.     

尿中异丙嗪及其代谢物含量硅藻土萃取紫外导数光谱测定法

目的建立尿中异丙嗪原体及其代谢物异丙嗪亚砜的提取测定方法。方法取尿直接倒入硅藻土柱中，用二氯甲烷洗脱，收集洗脱液50℃水浴挥干。剩余物用3．0ml 0．05mol／L硫酸溶解。加入锌粉沸水浴加热，放冷，测定二阶导数光谱。结果异丙嗪亚砜和异丙嗪萃取率均达90％以上，线性范围0．5～5．0μg／ml。结论该方法操作简便，提取率高，重现性好，结果可靠。     

用双抗夹心间接ELISA方法检测p30确证人类精斑

检测p30确证精斑有下列几种方法:免疫扩散,免疫电泳,交叉免疫电泳,胶乳凝集抑制试验,薄层免疫分析和酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA).这些方法各有优缺点,就灵敏度而论,则以     

无碳复写字迹的化学消退特征初探

无碳复写消退变造文书案件近年呈增多趋势。采用多种常见有机溶剂对无碳复写字迹进行化学消退实验，并比较消退效果及消退特征，可以为化学消退无碳复写字迹的检验提供基础性研究数据。     

以培养能力为首要任务，改革《经济法》的考试方法

高等职业院校的教学要突出“培养能力”的教学目标,而考试内容、考试方法的改革将直接影响高等职业教育改革的深化。《经济法》是我国高等职业财经类院校中普遍开设的一门专业基础课,对这门课程的考试更要体现学生分析问题、解决问题的能力。总结多年经济法教学的经验,笔者以为对《经济法》课程的考核采用“开卷测试”的方式不失为一项明智之举。