远程实时监控的图像传输技术

视频信息因能给人们全方位的真实感受而在多种领域中得到广泛应用，鉴于监控系统网络化、远程化的发展趋势，本文对远程实时监控的图像传输相关问题的探论具有一定的现实意义。     

基于公务员监督的混合战略博弈分析

以委托—代理理论和信息经济学中的监督模型为基础,通过对政府和公务员二者在完全信息静态博弈下的混合战略分析可见,租金的高低、政府监督的成本和对寻租的公务员惩罚的力度是影响公务员寻租的三个主要因素。我们应通过健全社会舆论与群众监督机制,提高公务员的道德水平,加大对公务员寻租行为的法制惩罚力度,加大对寻租者的物质惩罚力度,健全社会主义市场经济体制,消除租源等措施来防止公务员寻租。     

美国秘密侦查的强化措施——“9·11”后美国对窃听与电讯监视的变革

“9·11”恐怖袭击发生以后，“反恐”成为美国政府的首要任务。为了加强对恐怖主义的情报收集，美国政府通过《爱国者法》迅速扩大政府窃听及电讯监视的权力。尽管一直受到民众的质疑，随后几年间美国政府仍采取一系列措施继续加强监视程序。     

Mobile communication privacy management in romantic relationships: a dialectical approach

Communication technologies, such as the mobile phone, often represent a double-edged sword in romantic relationships. While the mobile phone can enhance the quality of communication, it can simultaneously become a source of conflict. The dialectic framework of communication privacy management offers a nuanced lens from which to investigate rules for the use of the mobile phone in the dyadic of romantic relationships. This study investigates mobile phone usage rules that are negotiated by adolescents and young adults in romantic relationships. The study specifically focuses on rules around mobile privacy management. Findings from in-depth interviews indicate that the negotiation of rules is a crucial part of young adult relationships. Enhancing trust and fostering harmony were important factors in the rule development process. The implications, limitations, and future possibilities for research are discussed.     

Pre-set estimation-based in-silico silhouette-based methodology for improving the robustness to viewing direction difference for assisting forensic gait analysis

Forensic gait analysis is used to visually and quantitatively analyze information regarding the appearance and style of walking that can be presented as evidence in the court. The demand for analyzing CCTV pedestrian footage in video surveillance has been increasing. The dependence of the accuracy of semiautomatic silhouette-based analysis, often used in forensic science, on the differences in the viewing directions is a very challenging issue that is yet to be resolved for real case applications. Currently, the different viewing directions used in comparison footage significantly decrease the accuracy of same person analysis when using the silhouette-based method, often used in the Japanese forensic science domain. A calibration-based method was previously prosed to resolve this problem, but it requires performing an elaborate measurement procedure at the camera installation site for an accurate analysis. In this study, we propose a novel in-silico silhouette-based analysis method that significantly expands the number of viewing direction pre-set settings to 900 from the 24 used in the previous method. Several software tools have been developed to ensure that all the procedures can be executed on a computer. The experimental results confirm that the accuracy of the proposed method is comparable to that of the calibration-based method. Furthermore, the practical comparison results from actual consultation confirmed the effectiveness of the proposed method under existing viewing direction differences. We therefore anticipate that the proposed method will be beneficial for improving the analysis accuracy in real cases and therefore serve as a substitute of the previous method.     

基于视频透视吞咽功能研究评价针刺阿呛组穴联合康复训练治疗脑卒中后吞咽障碍的疗效分析

目的 基于视频透视吞咽功能研究（video fluoroscopic swallowing study, VFSS）评价针刺阿呛组穴联合康复训练治疗脑卒中后吞咽障碍的疗效。方法 将50例脑卒中后吞咽功能障碍的患者,随机分为对照组和治疗组,每组25例。对照组仅采用康复训练,治疗组采用针刺阿呛组穴联合康复训练,比较两组患者治疗前及治疗30 d后VFSS评分及功能性经口摄食量表（functional oral intake scale, FOIS）评分。结果 两组治疗后FOIS评分均较治疗前升高,差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.05）,治疗组FOIS评分升高值显著大于对照组（P＜0.05）。与治疗前比较,两组治疗后吞食稀钡、浓钡、糊钡、包钡的VFSS评分均显著升高,差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;且治疗组治疗后吞食稀钡、浓钡、糊钡的VFSS评分升高值显著大于对照组（P＜0.05）。结论 针刺阿呛组穴联合康复训练可以在一定程度上改善脑卒中后吞咽障碍患者的吞咽功能。     

Sorting out smart surveillance

Surveillance is becoming ubiquitous in our society. We can also see the emergence of “smart” surveillance technologies and the assemblages (or combinations) of such technologies, supposedly to combat crime and terrorism, but in fact used for a variety of purposes, many of which are intrusive upon the privacy of law-abiding citizens. Following the dark days of 9/11, security and surveillance became paramount. More recently, in Europe, there has been a policy commitment to restore privacy to centre stage. This paper examines the legal tools available to ensure that privacy and personal data protection are respected in attempts to ensure the security of our society, and finds that improvements are needed in our legal and regulatory framework if privacy is indeed to be respected by law enforcement authorities and intelligence agencies. It then goes on to argue that privacy impact assessments should be used to sort out the necessity and proportionality of security and surveillance programmes and policies vis-à-vis privacy.     

视频监控在案件侦办中的应用

城市视频监控遍布大街小巷,能够直接或间接地记录犯罪过程,使案件侦办从以前的分析、推理、判断发展到今天的直观可见。但基于现有案件侦办模式和监控图像质量等方面的限制,视频监控的利用率还远未达到人们的预期目标。提高视频监控这一普遍存在物证源在案件侦办中的作用,是当前公安部门研究的重点内容之一。     

The Impact of Accrual-Based Public Accounting Harmonization on EU Macroeconomic Surveillance and Governments’ Policy Decision-Making

This article sheds more light on the possible advantages (and the critical aspects) of introducing accruals accounting for governments in the context of European macroeconomic surveillance. This would add more balance to the discussion about accrual accounting, which tends to focus on the resource costs involved. The research it describes would, inter alia, show the impact on sensitive policy areas using a statistical analysis from EU countries’ official Government Finance Statistics. It also draws some conclusions on a suggested roadmap for public accounting in the European context.