INTIMATE PARTNER VIOLENCE IN THE MILITARY: SECURING OUR COUNTRY,STARTING WITH THE HOME1

This Note discusses domestic violence in the military. Currently, in cases of domestic violence in the military, the Case Review Committee uses the Incident Severity Index for Spouse Abuse to determine the severity of abuse. The Case Review Committee uses this index when determining treatment options for the perpetrator of domestic violence. However, this index is extremely inconsistent with the current views and emerging research of domestic violence. This Note identifies the problems with the current system and gives recommendations for ways to improve the system. The Note concludes that a new system would enhance the military's ability to combat domestic violence.     

监察法规:一个崭新的法律渊源

自我国设立国家监察委员会以来,一系列新的监察法规也开始制定和实施。虽然监察法规在我国监察活动与法律实践中日益发挥着重要作用,全国人大常委会公布的《全国人民代表大会常务委员会关于国家监察委员会制定监察法规的决定》已对其法律地位和效力、制定主体和程序等问题有所涉及,但其可操作性不强,理论依据欠缺,同时其也没有进入学者们研究的视野。故为了回应实践的需要,我们有必要加强监察法规的基础理论研究。揆诸法理,国家监察委员会是监察法规的制定主体。监察法规的法律效力低于宪法和法律、其与行政法规平行,但高于部门规章和司法解释,其与党内法规既有联系也存在区别。为了确保监察法规的权威性和质量,应当严明监察法规的制定程序。     

“乡政村治”治理架构的优化探析

新时期中国“乡政村治”体制是国家在市场经济背景下封农民个人权利承认和保护的制度性承诺,是一种基于市场、民主和法制理念的新的行政管理结构和乡村治理方式,它标志着国家行政权与乡村自治权的相对分离、国家与社会的边界的重新确定,对国家民主建设意义也特别重大。但从实践层面上看,“乡政村治”运行中也暴露了不少矛盾与问题,调整和完善农村治理架构显得刻不容缓。因此,本文着重分析“乡政村治”治理架构下的体制缺憾与运行中存在的偏差,并提出制度完善与体制优化的建议。     

United in diversity? Analysing behaviour expectations of the European Union as a non-state member of the OECD’s development assistance committee

The European Union (EU) frequently accentuates its position as the largest provider of Official Development Assistance (ODA). Together with the EU institutions, EU Member States represent 21 of the 30 members of the OECD’s Development Assistance Committee (DAC) that sets out rules and standards for what can be reported as ODA. Following the EU Treaty’s requirement for the EU to work together in international organisations, research has detected a tentative yet positive trend to this end in different international organisations (IOs). This article’s empirical analysis shows no such trend can be detected in the EU’s engagement in the DAC. Explanatory factors include divergent development cooperation approaches inside the EU, discrepancies between the established image of and everyday practice in the DAC, and the EU’s full DAC membership. The findings add to the literature on international organisation governance by exploring different behaviour expectations of non-state membership vis-à-vis that of states.     

Exit, voice, and loyalty in international organizations: US involvement in the League of Nations

Recent challenges to traditional international relations theory have questioned the nature of international organizations (IOs) as agents of powerful state-members and have examined various conduits through which non-state actors can voice their concerns. Yet little work has focused on participation in IOs when a powerful state’s official position contradicts the goals of actors within it. This article examines the archival record of American involvement in the League of Nations’ economic section to explore such a circumstance. I correct the prevailing historical view of American isolationism in the interwar period and argue that participation by advanced, industrial democracies can better be understood as combinations of exit, voice, and loyalty on the part of individual components of state and civil societies.

完善我国违宪审查制度刍议

世界各国的违宪审查模式主要分为三种:一是权力机关审查模式;二是普通司法机关审查模式;三是专门机关审查模式,几种模式各有利弊。我国现行的是权力机关审查模式,由于我国的违宪审查缺乏有效性和可操作性,使得违宽审查制度发挥应有的作用,因此应结合我国国情,通过设立宪法委员会进行违宪审查。     

论党委班子的团结和谐

党的十六届六中全会提出"以党内和谐促进社会和谐"。对部队各级党委来说,就是要以党委班子的团结和谐影响和带动部队的团结和谐。提高党委班子团结和谐的质量,要求做到思想和谐、决策和谐、组织和谐、制度和谐、心理和谐和风气和谐。     

对我国民法上非法人组织概念的质疑

我国民法典第102—107条对非法人组织的规范重点没有放在其"社团性"和"团体性"上,而是将其放在"不具有法人资格,但是能够依法以自己的名义从事民事活动"、"其出资人或者设立人承担无限责任"上,没有能够反映出非法人组织的本质特征。更为严重的是:(1)不区分经营性与非经营性非法人组织,一律让其成员承担无限连带责任。这不符合很多非经营性,甚至公益性非法人组织存在的宗旨,对其存在和发展不利,也不符合中国国情和比较法上的一般理论与实践。例如,中国法学会下属的许多学会都是典型的非经营性非法人组织,会员如何能够对学会的债务承担连带责任?无论从会员加入学会的愿意和内心、人们对学会的期望,还是习惯,都是不可能的。(2)明确把合伙企业纳入到非法人组织中去。这样一来,就彻底抹杀了非法人组织与合伙的基本区别,从而也就无从把非法人组织与我国法上的"两户"区分开来。另外,业主大会与业主委员会关系及主体性问题也应当在非法人组织的框架内得到妥善的解决。     

委托代理视角下国企公司治理的改进

委托代理理论的分析表明,"全民"股东的委托人资质不完全和委托代理链条的过长是我国国企公司治理问题的症结所在。但是,由于社会主义国家的国有股必须存在且我国当前国有股减持的空间越来越小,有效改进我国国企公司治理需要从缩短国企委托代理链条的角度着手。人民代表股东会制度和社会化董事制度据此而设计,前者立足于直接缩短国企产权安排下委托人与代理人之间的距离,后者着眼于实现委托人与代理人身份的合一。     

湖南A县第八次村委会换届选举实证研究

通过对湖南省A县第八次村民委员会换届选举工作的调查,发现在选举中存在诸多问题,如选举程序不完善,村民民主法治意识淡薄,投票热情不高,部分干部工作责任心不强,贿选问题严重,宗族势力干扰选举等。尝试性地提出了完善村民委员会换届选举工作的对策及建议,以期通过各方面的努力来改善村民委员会换届选举现状,提高村民的民主意识,积极参与选举,以正确的态度去参与选举,提高村民的法治理念,规范村民委员会换届选举程序,实现基层民众的自我治理。