清末天津卫生防疫制度探析

随着西方医学技术在天津的传播与发展,清末天津地方政府制订了一系列仿效西方国家的卫生防疫行政管理制度,而后又出台了海港防疫制度。这些措施有得有失,因此有必要在对其进行历史考察的基础上展开梳理与评析。     

浅谈报复型个人极端暴力犯罪的预防

当前社会矛盾处于多发期和凸显期,这在一定程度上导致报复型个人极端暴力事件频发,对此类暴力事件的犯罪行为必须以预防为主.从近年来发生的个人极端暴力事件以及最近一段时间广为关注的几起校园凶杀案可以看出,个人极端暴力行为已经从自杀型向报复型转变.报复型个人极端暴力犯罪行为的类型分为报复性杀人型和泄愤性攻击型两种,要在对典型案...     

警察应不应该干预家庭暴力

充分认识警察干预家庭暴力的必要性与重要性是警察干预家庭暴力的前提。警察干预家庭暴力的必要性表现在三个方面:家庭暴力危害严重,应该干预;家庭暴力规律特殊,需要干预;有关法律明确要求,必须干预。警察对家庭暴力的干预有不可替代的重要作用,其作用主要源于警察工作的特殊性、身份的特殊性和职权的特殊性。基层派出所民警干预家庭暴力具有重要意义:求助方便快捷,干预及时效果好;预防方法多样,教育宣传辐射广;有效干预家暴,综合治理好处多。     

侦查效益的评估机制初探

法律制度是一种资源,资源具有稀缺性,因此,需要对资源利用的效益状况进行判定与评估,以优化资源的适用方案。从侦查机关现实的办案状况来看,与侦查高效益的实现还存在较大的差距,重要原因之一在于片面追求＂破案率＂,忽视了其他衡量标准,因此,还必须将侦查效益放在不同的语境下进行考察。侦查效益评估体系的建立应全面囊括侦查活动的各种不同语境,置于刑事法律制度、打击犯罪与预防犯罪的整体效果环境中,从侦诉关系、侦防关系的相互联系中界定侦查效益的内涵,而非仅仅局限于侦查学意义上的侦查效益,这是建立科学侦查效益评估机制的前提条件。     

防治群体性突发性事件的思考——为铜仁创造稳定、和谐的发展环境

本文立足当前我区各项社会事业的发展环境建设需要,以群体性突发事件为研究对象,重点分析了群体性突发事件的社会危害性和形成原因,提出了防治突发性事件的必要性和紧迫性,并提出防治群体性突发事件的对策建议,期望对铜仁地区发展环境建设有一定的促进作用,推动和谐社会的构建和经济社会的跨越式发展。     

Drawing the Necessary Line: A Review of Dating Domestic Violence Statutes around the United States

Orders of protection help combat dating violence by ensuring a period of separation between the victim and the abuser. The prevalence of dating violence is similar to that of spousal abuse and the effects on the nonmarried victims are just as severe. Some jurisdictions in the United States do not offer victims in dating relationships protective orders and two states restrict orders for same‐sex couples only. Other state statutes are inadequate. A uniform statute that permits participants in dating relationships access to protective orders should be implemented across the country.

Key Points for the Family Court Community:
• See and understand the changes in dating domestic violence statutes
• Up to date as of 2011 with 2012 amendments to state statutes

     

The Role of Community in Facilitating Service Utilization

SUMMARY

Guided by an integrated theory of parent participation, this study examines the role community characteristics play in influencing a parent's decision to use voluntary child abuse prevention programs. Multiple regression techniques were used to determine if different community characteristics, such as neighborhood distress and the community's ratio of caregivers to those in need of care, predict service utilization levels in a widely available home visiting program. Our findings suggest that certain community characteristics are significant predictors of the extent to which families utilize voluntary family supports over and above the proportion of variance explained by personal characteristics and program experiences. Contrary to our initial assumptions, however, new parents living in the most disorganized communities received more home visits than program participants living in more organized communities. The article concludes with recommendations on how community capacity building might be used to improve participant retention.     

Staatseingriffe im Markt fuer Versicherung gegen Naturkatastrophen

Wir fassen kurz die wichtigsten Ergebnisse unserer Länderstudien im Gebäudeversicherungsmarkt zusammen. Wir versuchen aus unseren Beobachtungen Schlüsse zu ziehen, wie die Versicherung gegen Naturkatastrophen institutionell organisiert werden sollte. Wir kommen zum Ergebnis, dass aus Gründen der Effizienz (niedrigere Verwaltungs‐ und Vertriebskosten) und um Probleme der Risikoselektion zu vermeiden, öffentlichen Monopolen auf diesem Markt eine wichtige Rolle zukommen sollte. Ein weiterer gewichtiger Vorteil der Monopollösung ist die Tatsache, dass diese Institutionen starke Anreize haben, sich für eine effiziente Prävention einzusetzen.     

把握街面治安顽点 立足街面治安防控

街面治安顽点的形成受各种因素的影响.治安顽点防控的三原则是防范在先原则、区域联防原则和以动制动原则.根据街面治安顽点的成因和防控原则,可制定出五大防控对策.