人质谈判中的风险评估和方案设计

人质谈判中的风险评估就是指当警方赶到人质劫持现场后,在展开谈判工作和设计谈判方案前,指挥者对此次劫持事件做一个基本的风险评估。只有在判明危机事件情况的基础上,指挥员才能对案件的发展情况做到心中有数,从而把握人质危机处置进程的主动权,使谈判取得成效。结合我国目前人质事件类型,进行人质谈判中的风险评估,以确定谈判时所采取的应对策略,从而设计科学、动态的谈判方案,切实有效地提高谈判的效果。     

中国通论犯罪构成理论体系评判

如果将犯罪构成理论理解为解释法律的理论体系，那么理论体系的设定就应当遵循安全性、可操作性两个价值前提。依据这两个价值前提评价我国通论的四要件犯罪构成理论体系，该理论体系的一次性评价的体系设计，出罪通道的不畅通，导致刑法运行安全方面的保障欠缺；将一个总体的犯罪评价对象即犯罪行为，拆分为四个方面的理论体系思路，难于符合人的一般思维习惯；具有可操作性方面的问题。因此，通论四要件的犯罪构成理论体系不具有选择的合理性。     

住房反抵押货款模式中的预期寿命风险及其承担机制

以住房反抵押贷款模式辅助现行的养老制度，以改善老年人的生活水平、寻求和建立养老保障的新机制，近来收到了广泛的关注。但是该模式在推行中会由于种种不确定性，借贷双方都将面临较大风险，从而使这一模式的推行遭遇相当的障碍。本文着重对该模式推行中涉及的借款者的预期寿命与实际寿命之间的差异风险，以及其承担机制，给予了较深入的探讨。     

The allusive market: insurance of flood risk in neoliberal Britain

Launched in 2016, Flood Re is a government-supported scheme for flood-risk insurance in Britain that is intended to pave the way towards an eventual ‘free’ market featuring risk-reflective pricing. This paper introduces the concept of ‘the allusive market’ to denote the figurative work that the market vision performs in this context. Alluding to the merits of what is in reality a highly implausible market-based future for flood insurance releases the government from having to substantively address intractable problems associated with the financial risk of flooding in the present: the market will come to the rescue. A risk-management crutch, the allusive market engenders contemporary policy paralysis, occasioning in turn the worsening of the very problems that the market is being relied upon, eventually, to resolve.     

Venue Preference and Earthquake Mitigation Policy: Expanding the Micro‐Model of Policy Choice

Seismologists have reported that a majority of recent earthquakes in Oklahoma have been triggered by the activities of oil and gas companies. Despite this fact, there is evidence of strong opposition toward earthquake mitigation policy. In this article, we argue that how individuals define issues affect their policy choice. Furthermore, we incorporate the concept of venue shopping from the literature on macro theories of the policy process to investigate the effect of problem definition in shaping individual venue preference for policy choice. Using unique survey data, we find that problem definition, particularly issue causality and issue image, is strongly related to individual support for earthquake mitigation policy. However, a more nuanced relationship between individual problem definition and venue preference is observed. Our findings contribute to scholarly endeavors to understand the politics of problem definition at an individual level, which may be the precursor of understanding policy choices at the institutional level.     

少数民族文化风险及其法律规制研究

现代化进程中少数民族文化风险主要指利益分配不均衡引发的风险,文化贬低引发的风险,少数民族文化尊严被漠视引发的风险,传统文化流失所带来的风险,国家文化安全方面的风险等。少数民族文化风险的法律成因主要导源于中国历来的产权制度缺失现象在少数民族文化领域的体现,现行文化法制的缺陷,文化类国际公约在中国实施不充分等。域外的社区知识产权模式、公有领域作品使用付费制度、文化财保护制度、生态博物馆制度、土著权利保护模式等对中国少数民族文化风险的法律规制都有重要的借鉴意义。中国少数民族文化风险法律规制应建立公法与私法并用的混合模式,特别是要构建传统文化产权制度并促进少数民族民众对其文化保护的有效参与。     

基于专业评估指导下的专业建设研究

专业设置、课程建设、师资队伍建设与实习实训基地建设是专业建设的核心。专业设置要动静结合,既要考虑社会需求,又要兼顾学校自身的资源条件;在＂宽基础、活模块＂的课程体系框架下,要突出＂四类课程＂,并辅之以配套的教学改革;在分类培训、提升教师业务水平的同时,政府要出台有利于企业人才入校的优惠政策;在构建面向专业群共享的稳定的校内外实训室的基础上探索建立校办生产性实训基地。     

生物多样性预防公益诉讼的制度逻辑及实现路径

随着当今社会风险的不断加剧、不可逆转损害后果的频繁出现,生物多样性保护不应局限于事后的补救性救济,而应当积极拓展其预防功能,将隐患消弭于尚未发生之际是生物多样性预防公益诉讼的应有之义。就现行司法救济体系而言,尚存在法源理论上的不相妥协、立法维度上的事后救济为主、司法实践中的固守谨慎等鲜明特征。因此,应当在风险预防原则与比例原则的引导下,加快推进生物多样性专门立法、明确“重大风险”判断基准、完善生物多样性多元保障体系、打造查、审、执相互贯通的全链条式体系。     

刑法现代化理论的续造

根据党的十九届四中全会决议,在国家治理体系和治理能力现代化的背景下,刑法现代化需要继续发展。反观我国刑法学领域,现代化刑法的追求还占据着当代刑法学人的思维,遮蔽了中国刑法现代化之未来图景的真实面貌,妨碍了中国刑法现代化的进一步发展。为此,我们有必要从现代性的一般特征出发,尝试着以现代之后的视角看待刑法现代化发展及其遭遇的“陷阱”。在对现代性中的基础主义、表象主义,以及普遍主义的批判基础上,实现现代刑法经由自由刑法向风险刑法、单一法典化向立法多样化和实践理性向交往理性三个维度的转化,并为中国刑法的现代化事业提供更为充足的理论动力。     

Managing Social Risk in China Local Administration: An Examination of SSRA Initiative

Social Stability Risk Assessment (SSRA) sponsored by the local administration is perceived as a socially defined risk-coping initiative since it became mandatory in China. This article observes and unravels SSRA practices by selecting Xuzhou municipality as a sample case. Findings show that local SSRA is operated by the tridimensional mechanism and antecedents of its effectiveness in enforcement are linked with multiple elements of administrative supports. The findings contribute to a full understanding of SSRA in mainland China where there is no electoral democratic regime, and provide implications for developing countries alike. Some recommendations are proposed as a potential driver of these results.