Examining the scope of questionable diagnostic reliability in Sexually Violent Predator (SVP) evaluations

Research has suggested questionable reliability of diagnosing mental abnormality during Sexually Violent Predator (SVP) evaluations, despite this being a necessary requirement for SVP commitment. Findings have been inconsistent across studies, and little is known about the extent of such trends across diagnoses and clinicians. The current study includes data from 375 sex offenders referred for evaluation for SVP commitment in New Jersey. Clinicians (n = 128) rendered a variety of diagnoses, most commonly Pedophilia. Results suggested questionable agreement across paraphilic and non-paraphilic diagnoses, although agreement was fair for diagnoses of Pedophilia. Further analyses of cases (n = 49) involving clinicians receiving a large number of referrals (n = 14) were generally consistent with these findings, with no outlier effect apparent. Findings suggest questionable diagnostic reliability to be a widespread issue in SVP evaluations, present across a variety of diagnoses and across the general body of clinicians involved in evaluations.     

论强迫交易罪实行行为中的暴力与威胁

强迫交易罪的实行行为是一个既有研究价值又非常新颖的研究课题,许多与其相关的问题仍存在争议。深层辨析强迫交易罪实行行为中的暴力与威胁有助于解决本罪实行行为与他罪实行行为的区分以及竞合与牵连问题,对指导司法实践具有重要的意义。     

Secondary Victimizations in Missing Child Events

This paper examines the incidence and nature of secondary victimizations (attempted and completed physical assault, sexual assault, and robbery) in a population of missing children (nonfamily abducted, family abducted, runaway/thrownaway, general/benign missing). Using data from the NISMART-2 studies, the following questions are addressed: How much secondary criminal victimization of children occurs in the context of missing children events, and what is the nature of this victimization? Are some categories/ types of missing children event more likely to result in secondary victimization than others? Is the risk for secondary victimization greater for some missing children than others (e.g., are age or race factors)? Are the outcomes of missing child events which include secondary victimizations different in significant ways from those which do not (more likely to be associated with harm for children or more likely to involve public resources like law enforcement)?     

道路交通违法引发治安事件的对策研究——以云南省玉溪市为例

近年来,因处理道路交通违法和交通事故引发的治安事件不断增多,特别是由此引发的暴力抗法和妨碍执行公务等问题越来越突出,对此,笔者结合玉溪市因道路交通事故引发治安事件的案例进行原因分析,对建立有效的防控机制作对策研究。     

当前公安执法不良环境的现状及成因

近几年来,公安机关的人民警察在执法活动中,经常遭到不法分子以及当事人抗拒、阻碍民警依法执行公务,究其原因,既有主观方面的,也有客观方面的,有来自外部的,也有来自内部的。这类事件屡次发生,除了对人民警察的人格、健康乃至生命造成了直接危害外,更重要的是助长了暴力抗法的不良风气,从而对社会治安的有序管理产生了消极的影响。     

透视暴力袭警——兼论公安民警执法权益保护

近年来,暴力袭警频发已成为危及社会公共安全的一个重要问题。其生产的原因,既有主体(袭警者)、客体(公安民警)的因素,又与当前执法环境有着密不可分的联系。笔者认为,当务之急应是加强对警察执法权益的保护:首先,完善法律法规和相关制度,给予警察执法提供足够的法律保护;其次,依法合理使用警力,给予警察执法一个良好的法治环境;再次,从严治警,提高警察素养和执法技能,努力营造一个和谐的警民关系。     

性暴力危害人类罪的类型分析及防治对策

危害人类罪项下的性暴力是严重且易忽视的罪行,性暴力作为危害人类罪项下的罪目从前南国际刑庭规约开始便被强调,至罗马规约时发展完善,范围从需要"战时"条件制约到如今并非只发生在冲突期间。性暴力危害人类罪可以分为与冲突有关性暴力犯罪,选举、政治斗争的性暴力和驱逐非法移民,拘留、审讯过程等其他形式的性暴力犯罪类型。针对性地建立预警机制、强调军事纪律、加强司法保护和国际干预等措施刻不容缓。     

论暴力拆迁的法律责任

从法律上讲,房屋暴力拆迁行为已经构成犯罪或违法,应当依法予以严惩。我国《国有土地上房屋征收与补偿条例》确认了暴力拆迁行为的法律责任。本文认为,对于暴力拆迁行为,应当按照宪法与法律的相关规定追究其刑事责任、行政责任和民事责任等。要保障暴力拆迁行为法律责任的实现,有必要转变执法观念、强化国家机关的不作为责任,明确司法机关适用法律优先的权力。     

The role of set-shifting ability in differentiating between subgroups of female violent offenders

The aim of the present study was to extend the current understanding of the relationship between executive functions and violent crime in women. This was done by investigating whether set-shifting ability differentiated between subgroups of female violent offenders, with regard to criminal diversity and frequency of violent offenses. The study was conducted in a nationwide sample of 42 women imprisoned for violent crimes. Important characteristics common in violent offenders, such as certain personality disorders and substance abuse, were taken into account. The results indicated that offenders who only committed violent crimes had poorer set-shifting ability and less frequently personality disorders than offenders who had also committed non-violent crimes. Set-shifting ability was not connected to violent crime frequency.     

美国大学社区警务新方略比较研究

美国校园接二连三的暴力枪击事件令美国民众震惊和愤慨,令美国警界反思和探索:警方应采取怎样的校园安全预防措施才能有助于缓解校园暴力事件的频发?文章着力阐述了美国几所大学校园警务机构在预防和控制各项校园犯罪中所展现的社区警务新方略:预防第一,强化自我防范意识;技术优先,应用一流通讯设备;综合为主,调动所有可用资源。以上举措在维护美国校园秩序和营造安全氛围中起到了不可低估的作用。