促进就业困难群体就业的法律保障

在社会主义和谐社会的建设过程中,就业困难人员的就业问题是关系到公民基本人权、社会繁荣稳定、国家长治久安的大问题。2008年1月1日《就业促进法》正式实施,该法直接确定了针对就业困难人员的诸多援助措施,但在当前的法律语境下,促进就业困难人员就业的法律保障如何得以实现,是值得我们深思的问题。     

解惑大学生就业难:基于需求导向的思考

功利主义大学观和功利主义就业观有其存在的需求基础,大学生就业难在很大程度上是由个体经济理性选择导致的集体行动悖论。因此,应从现代大学生以及用人单位的需求出发,不断扩大大学的投融资渠道;加强与用人单位在人才培养、教学实践以及专业能力考察和认证上的合作;根据用人单位的需求制定大学生就业发展规划,并将其融入大学生的整个培养过程,促进大学生学业的能力而非功利导向;推进大学生就业的发展和规划导向而非简单模仿的集体行动导向。     

浅论农民工劳动就业权的实现

就业权是劳动者赖以生存的基本权利,是实现劳动权的基础。农民工应该与城市居民一样享有平等的就业权,但事实上农民工没有资格成为城镇国有企事业和行政单位的正式职工,许多城市在劳动就业方面对农民工设置了许多制度性门槛,城市农民工有限的劳动就业权亦受到诸多侵害。应从实现平等机会权、同工同酬权、工资支付保障权等几个方面着手实现农民工劳动就业权。     

民族地区少数民族就业促进制度建设研究

各自治区及其他民族地区自成立后,特别是改革开放以来,全面贯彻党的民族政策,坚持民族区域自治制度,采取多种措施促进少数民族就业,不断完善就业服务机制,积极制定和实施相应的民族政策法规,少数民族就业数量质量明显提高。受到诸多因素综合影响,民族地区经济总体发展水平与发达地区有较大差距,影响着民族地区经济的发展和少数民族就业的实现。提升少数民族就业竞争能力,离不开就业促进制度建设和路径规划,这涉及我国作为多民族国家劳动就业制度设计的重大问题,更离不开民族地区有效转化国家立法政策,不断创新民族地区就业促进制度和实践。     

在校女大学生的择业倾向及其影响因素——基于北京市大学生的调查

用问卷调查法对北京市30多所高校大学生就其择业倾向的调查结果显示:大部分女大学生把工作稳定排在首位;首选的就业地区是经济发达的大中城市;大部分认为工作与所学专业要有一定关联;期望的月薪集中在2500~5000元之间,工作的首要目的是实现自我价值;低收入家庭选择找工作的比例高,高收入家庭选择准备出国的比例高;愿到基层就业的女大学生总体趋势随着家庭年收入的增加而下降;高收入家庭的学生更看重第一份工作对自我成长的价值,而低收入家庭的相对看重先自食其力;成绩排名靠前的学生选择继续深造的比例高,成绩排名靠后的选择找工作的比例高。     

大学生专业满意度与就业态度相关性实证研究分析——以非师范类思想政治教育专业学生为例

针对全国八所综合性大学的非师范类思想政治教育专业学生的专业满意度和就业态度进行调查。结果显示:非师范类思想政治教育专业大学本科生的专业满意度普遍不高;虽然就业方向明确,但就业信心较差。并进一步分析了专业满意度对该专业同学的就业态度影响情况,发现课程兴趣是影响就业态度的直接因素,课程安排、教学效果、专业图书资源是影响就业态度的间接因素。明确培养目标、改革课程体系、建立导师培养机制、提高教师课堂教学能力、建立系统的就业指导体系等有助于提高非师范类思想政治教育专业同学的专业满意度。     

The Weakness of Strong (and Weak) Ties: Obtaining a Government Job

ABSTRACT

Between merit principles and social contacts, how they facilitate individuals to obtain a government job in the United States remains unsettled. Based on a survey administered via Amazon Mturk, this study finds that merit-based selection constitutes the most significant means to obtain public jobs, particularly so in state and local governments despite of sizeable respondents claiming other venues. The use of social contacts, including both strong and weak ties, shows little advantage on obtaining public employment but proves significant in private organizations. Controlling individuals’ previous job obtaining experience, the study contends that variations on job obtaining methods can be reasonably attributable to institutional distinctiveness that features different rules, procedures and regulations. Merit principles are kept alive in governments, though challenges persist, particularly so in federal government. The study ends up with a discussion of research findings and their implications in HR practices.     

Of ‘Strong’ Leadership,Crisis Communication,and Pooper Scoopers: Change in the Queensland Public Service Under Newman

Governments have historically offered their workforce a public service bargain founded on stable pay and conditions and job security. However, while the Westminster system aims for public service employment to be protected from the whims of government, public servants are nonetheless affected by the political environment in which they operate and changes to this bargain can occur with a new government. This paper focuses on a Queensland public service change process that resulted in large‐scale forced redundancies, non‐renewal of temporary contracts, and legislative changes that nullified the provisions in job security, organisational change, and redundancy policies. Using communication as a lens through which to understand leadership, it examines how the government communicated with the public service about this organisational change, immediately before and after the 2012 election. In particular, through analysis of public and media commentary, speeches and Hansard records, it examines Premier Newman's change leadership and communication by contrasting pre‐election messages to the public service with post‐election messages about the public service and the justifications for change during this period of downsizing. This analysis is used to reflect on political leadership, communication, fair treatment, and trust in public service change.     

WTO视野下我国境外就业的相关问题与对策

随着经济全球化的深入和国际分工的演进,我国境外就业规模不断扩大.在"自然人流动"纳入WTO的管辖以后,GATS在"自然人流动"规则谈判中踌躇不前,使我国的境外就业面临特殊困境.因此,我国应以世界服务贸易的自由化为契机,积极推动"自然人流动"规则的调整,以扩大海外投资,提升境外就业人员素质,完善境外就业立法为抓手,促进我国境外就业事业持续、健康发展.     

构建境外就业促进机制拓宽就业渠道

我国大陆劳动力供给远远超过劳动力需求。积极拓展境外就业、谋求国际劳务合作是缓解就业压力、增加劳动者收入、缩小贫富差距、促进经济发展的一条重要渠道。当前,拓展境外就业应尽快提高对外劳务合作的技术含量,大力发展技术劳务输出;制订“境外就业保障和促进法”,保障境外就业者权益;改革劳务输出管理体制,成立“境外就业促进局”,建立“一站式”境外就业服务;设立“促进境外就业保障基金”;加速境外劳务市场的自动化、信息化建设,以境外就业的信息化建设促进境外就业的规模扩大和质量提高。