日本古倭人稻作文化滥觞于中国古吴越

日本古倭人的稻作文化,与中国古代存在于从东南沿海到云贵高原的越文化,有深刻的同源关系。而其中之古吴越区,则为日本古倭人稻作文化源头。 一、古倭人稻作之源在中国吴越 日本九州2300年前绳纹文化之末的夜臼·板付1式时期遗存中,有多处发现稻痕,被认为是日本稻作之肇始。在熊本县、长崎县的一些文化遗址及佐贺县宇木汲田、福冈县板付遗址里,有炭化稻米,一些陶器上也有稻壳压痕,甚至有稻田及水沟等灌溉设施遗迹。其后在约当公元前后3个世纪的弥生时期,种植稻谷极为普遍。它迅速成为最兴旺的经济活动,是关系人们生存繁衍的最重要的物质生产。中国古代史籍自《后汉书·东夷列传》、《三国志·魏书·倭人传》起,多载日本列岛古倭人以种禾稻为业。 种植水稻,是古倭人最主要的文化特征。稻作在日本列岛的出现,实际比夜臼·板付1式时期稍早。而由于中国浙江余姚河姆渡、桐乡罗家角等古文化遗址的发掘,使举世认识到     

论利益相关者共同治理与国企治理结构创新

本文论证了企业治理结构从股东至上走向利益相关者共同治理的必然性;认为利益相关者共同治理机制的欠缺是国企治理结构存在的突出问题,其表现:一是国有股的“一股独大”,二是债权监督机制弱,三是治理结构的核心——董事会的构成不合理;在此基础上,提出了按照利益相关者共同治理逻辑创新国企治理结构的路径,即:一是实现国有企业产权主体的多元化,二是强化银行债权监督机制,三是完善董事会的构成。     

从治民到官民互治--行政现代化历程分析

本文从行政现代化与现代化的相互关系切入,提出和初步论证了行政现代化对于现代化和法制现代化对于行政现代化的先行性问题,并试图对"行政"和"法律"作出新的解释,初步分析比较了中西方的法治传统,认为中国传统的德治和法治实质上都是人治,亦即官治,都是用于治民的;甚至从特定意义上说西方的法治主要也是用于治民的;认为中国社会主义的行政现代化应该走出法制的治民传统,实现"两个接轨"、"两个根本转变",营造出官民互治的政治行政局面,以实现对近现代西方法治的赶超.     

治安调解研究引论

治安调解在公安派出所工作中占有举足轻重的地位,然而,它的重要性未被真正看清,现行的工作考评方式影响着治安调解的成效。治安调解绝不仅仅是治安案件查处中对《条例》第5条的运用,它还有一般矛盾纠纷的调解、轻伤害案件中的调解等形式。治安调解不成则予以治安管理处罚,实质上等于取消了治安案件查处中的调解处理方式,不宜提倡。     

传统法文化的断裂与现代法治的缺失--少数民族农村法治秩序建构路径选择的社区个案研究

云南省红河哈尼族彝族自治州金平苗族瑶族自治县十里村乡所辖的平安寨,是一个"红头瑶"世居的村落.历史上的平安寨主要依靠其以寨老制度为核心的村落社会控制系统维持社会秩序.在社会变迁的过程中,平安寨的传统法文化出现了断裂,社会控制系统功能衰弱,而国家法的实施又不尽如人意.国家法与习惯法不能良性互动,致使该地区社会秩序和治安成为一个较大的社会问题.因此,需从公权力机关合理性基础的建立、民间权威的整合、国家法建设的完善三个方面来解决平安寨的问题.这是一种从民间、国家两方面努力建构少数民族农村法治秩序的路径.     

Repopulating the Industrial Landscape: Giving Former Employees a Voice in History

This paper examines the concept of putting history “under the power of the public”. It discusses the role played by former employees in researching and publishing the histories of two former large industrial history/heritage sites in Perth, Western Australia. The projects originated not in academia but from past employees who sought the help of labour historians to record the histories. Former employees provided much of the research material and assisted as sources of information, interviewers and interviewees, site guides and critics of work put forward for publication. While academic authors were responsible for interpreting their own research, past employees had a voice in the ways in which the sites’ stories were presented to the public, and the veracity of that information. The article explores the subversive potential of subaltern histories such as these, as well as some principles for putting history under the power of the public. It concludes by examining the strengths and weaknesses of this method, including the extent to which the pressures of academia discourage historians from engaging with “popular” projects requiring “a different voice”.     

From kanun-ı kadim (ancient law) to umumun kuvveti (force of people): historical context of the Ottoman constitutionalism

This paper attempts to examine the prevailing scholarly view on the Young Ottoman and the Young Turk movements, which postulates that the concept of constitutionalism was solely and directly based on the western model, imported by the constitutionalist movements to the Ottoman Empire. As a child of the ‘modernization theory’, this approach mostly concentrates on European impact in an isolated manner, thus overlooking not only the manifold sources of the Ottoman constitutionalism, but also the means of legitimation that the Young Ottomans and the Young Turks cultivated. In view of this, I seek to shed light on the historical context of the Ottoman constitutionalism, by pointing out how the Young Ottomans and the Young Turks perceived the power struggles in the course of the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, and built continuity between themselves and the political position that aimed to restrict the royal prerogative before the nineteenth century.     

解读“领导和支持人民当家作主”

人民当家作主是我国社会主义民主政治发展的本质要求,是坚持党的领导和实现依法治国方略的核心和目标.人民当家作主要求我们党进一步探索一党执政条件下所特有的执政规律,树立法律至上的执政理念,确立党通过法定的民主程序掌控国家政权的制度,探索和完善人民代表大会制度和中国共产党领导的多党合作与政治协商制度.     

论执政为民的依据、内涵和实践路径

执政为民是我们党的基本执政理念。只有深刻理解执政为民的丰富内涵,在执政活动中以实际成效切实体现执政为民,我们党才能始终取得人民的信任和支持。实践执政为民的主要路径有:解决思想认识问题,使执政为民成为自觉行为;解决激励机制问题,使执政为民成为自励行为;健全惩戒监督机制,使执政为民成为自警行为;健全各项制度安排,使执政为民成为自愿行为。     

陪审制度的历史起源比较研究

本文从考察陪审制度的历史沿革出发,分析研究古代、中世纪至近代资产阶级革命这一历史长河中,陪审现象向陪审制度嬗变的进程。根据当今世界各国施行陪审制度的不同情况,陪审制度分为三种不同的模式,即陪审团制、参审制以及我国的人民陪审制,三种模式的成因不同。