高校青年机关干部担任兼职辅导员制度刍议

兼职辅导员是辅导员队伍中不可或缺的重要组成部分。在当前形势下,按照＂专职为主、专兼结合、优势互补＂的原则,从高校机关青年干部中吸收优秀人才充实辅导员队伍,对加强高校大学生思想政治教育、引导大学生全面发展、维护高校和社会稳定等方面,发挥着重要作用。     

浅议新时期大学生创业教育与高校共青团工作

创业教育是培养人的创业意识、创业思维、创业技能等各种创业综合素质,并最终使受教育者具有一定的创业能力的教育。开展创业教育,是新时期高校教育工作对共青团组织提出的新要求,是高校共青团组织服务青年学生的着力点,是提高大学生就业竞争力的有效途径。推行实施KAB创业教育项目,组织各类校园创业文化活动,开展全真环境下的创业教育是高校团组织开展创业教育的有效方法。     

《满洲评论》中的“满青联”与“协和会”

关于满洲青年联盟（简称＂满青联＂）是否是＂协和会＂前身的问题,学术界尚未有明确定论。从时期上而言,有倾向于＂协和会＂前身为自治指导部的说法。本文从《满洲评论》对＂满青联＂与＂协和会＂两机构的报道为线索,追踪两者之间的潜在联系。认为从组织形式与殖民教化功能上而言,基本上可以认定＂满青联＂与＂协和会＂的先行后续关系。     

Patterns of Self-Reported Delinquency in Children with One Immigrant Parent,Two Immigrant Parents and Norwegian-Born Parents

Differences in self-reported delinquency among adolescents in Oslo, Norway, were analysed with respect to immigrant status, gender and country of origin. The survey covered 11,500 adolescents between the ages of 14 and 17 years in Oslo, Norway. Delinquent behaviours were analysed and described in terms of prevalence and frequency. The findings suggest that immigrants are under-represented in minor deviance, with no differences in serious delinquency, but over-represented in violent delinquency. Adolescents with one immigrant parent had a higher prevalence of delinquency compared to adolescents with two immigrant parents, in all categories of delinquency except for violence among males. There were substantial differences between the various immigrant groups, with the lowest prevalence of delinquency among Asians. The study has demonstrated clearly the importance of including different categories of delinquency when studying delinquency among children of immigrants, and to carry out separate analyses according to gender and parent's country of origin.     

Juvenile Justice in Scandinavia

The main issue is the legal protection of children and juveniles suspected of or convicted for crime. The age of criminal responsibility is 15 years in the countries concerned. Particular juvenile justice systems do not exist in Scandinavia. There are, however, exceptions from the general system in order to maintain needs, interests and rights of children and juveniles. Some common characteristics are described, for instance diversion of juveniles from prison into social welfare measures and the prohibition of placing children in jail. Individual characteristics are pointed out as well. Introduction of secure social institutions as an alternative to imprisonment in Sweden and Denmark is one, mediation processes with children as parties in Finland and Norway is another. It is argued that from the point of view of legality the demands for legal rights are of greatest importance in prosecution and punishment matters, whereas social welfare support is not to the same degree concerned about such questions. Furthermore it is argued that in spite of good intentions the Scandinavian countries challenge the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child, by not definitely prohibiting the possibility of a juvenile serving a prison sentence together with adults. It is stated that the distance between constructive pragmatism and destructive loss of principles as legality, equality and proportionality may be short. Crime trends are not linked to the politics: there is no relation between crime rates and political attention to crime. Juvenile justice has increasing political attention these years while the crime rates tend to be stable. In relation not solely to the economy and the Convention but first and foremost in the interest of children and juveniles more thought should be given to scientific experiences about early and appropriate prevention.     

Criminal Violence and Youth in Sweden: A Long-term Perspective

Since the mid-1980s, the Swedish public has become increasingly concerned about juvenile violence. This article confronts the public belief of increasing juvenile violence with systematic criminological data from crime statistics and other sources. Based on police and court statistics, as well as data from victimization studies and cause-of-death statistics, it is concluded that there is good reason to believe that Sweden is currently experiencing an 'enforcement wave' with regard to juvenile violence (particularly in the youngest age brackets), which reinforces the image of dramatic increases in the level of juvenile violence. The reasons why juvenile violence is thought to be on the increase even in the face of a lack of hard empirical evidence are discussed. Four long- and short-term trends are proposed as possible explanations: (i) the well-ordered modern society; (ii) the role of the mass media; (iii) the growth of feminine values; and (iv) the application of an offensive model of crime policy.     

铭记共青团组织的政治属性做好团员青年的思想政治工作

政治性是共青团有别于工会和妇联等一般群众性社会组织的根本属性,是共青团的立团之本。做好团员青年的思想政治工作是共青团组织政治性的必然要求。团员意识是团的政治属性的集中体现,应当成为共青团思想政治工作的着力点。     

新形势下青少年校外活动场所发展策略研究——以浙江省为例

伴随着教育改革的不断深入,国家基本公共服务规则的出台,青少年校外活动场所的发展迎来了新的发展机遇。文章立足于浙江省的实际情况,分析以青少年宫为代表的浙江省青少年校外活动场所发展现状,探讨新形势下浙江省青少年校外活动场所的发展策略。     

Daring to Be Heard: Advertorials by Organized Interests on the Op-Ed Page of The New York Times , 1985-1998

Advertorials are a form of outside lobbying that organized interests use to influence policymakers and attentive publics. It is apparent from their popularity that organized interests consider them to be an effective form of political communication. This article analyzes 2,805 organized interest advertorials that appeared on the lower right quadrant of The New York Times op-ed page from 1985 to 1998. Advertorials take two broad forms: (a) image advertorials, which are paid messages by organized interests designed to create a favorable climate of opinion, and (b) advocacy advertorials, which are sponsored messages intended to win support for an interest's viewpoints on controversial issues. Typologies of advertorials (11 categories), organized interests (21 categories), corporate and noncorporate economic interests (29 categories), and policy content (28 categories) are used to document annually and over time who is sponsoring advertorials, what types of advertorials are being used, what interests avail themselves of advertorial campaigns, which issue areas are receiving attention, what images and policy messages are being communicated, which organizations sponsor the most advertorials, and the timing of such political advertising campaigns. We find over time an increasing number of advertorials, an increasing number and diversity of sponsoring interest organizations, an increasing trend toward advocacy advertorials, a continuing but declining sponsorship dominance by corporate interests, a shifting policy issue emphasis that corresponds to events in the political environment, and evidence that organized interests employ a variety of sponsorship strategies.