A Response to the Critiques of Tobacco Sales and Tobacco Possession Laws

SUMMARY

Several researchers within the anti-smoking community have recently claimed that youth access tobacco programs are ineffective and drain limited resources. They make these claims because they feel that youth access programs do not affect teen smoking prevalence. Others have argued that anti-smoking interventions should not fine minors for possession of tobacco. In this last article, we provide a response to these arguments.     

高校共青团服务大学生就业工作的思考

当前高校毕业生的就业形势复杂严峻,党和国家高度重视大学生的就业工作。文章阐述高校共青团服务大学生就业的必要性,分析其存在的问题,从团干部队伍建设、思想政治教育与就业指导的融合性、提高团组织开展活动的吸引力等方面提出建议,以期发挥共青团的作用,促进大学生就业。     

Criminal Recidivism Among Juvenile Offenders: Testing the Incremental and Predictive Validity of Three Measures of Psychopathic Features

We studied the predictive, comparative, and incremental validity of three measures of psychopathic features (Psychopathy Checklist: Youth Version [PCL:YV]; Antisocial Process Screening Device [APSD]; Childhood Psychopathy Scale [CPS]) vis-à-vis criminal recidivism among 83 delinquent youth within a truly prospective design. Bivariate and multivariate analyses (Cox proportional hazard analyses) showed that of the three measures, the CPS was most consistently related to most types of recidivism in comparison to the other measures. However, incremental validity analyses demonstrated that all of the predictive effects for the measures of psychopathic features disappeared after conceptually relevant covariates (i.e., substance use, conduct disorder, young age, past property crime) were included in multivariate predictive models. Implications for the limits of these measures in applied juvenile justice assessment are discussed.     

Using State Child Labor Laws to Identify the Causal Effect of Youth Employment on Deviant Behavior and Academic Achievement

On the basis of prior research findings that employed youth, and especially intensively employed youth, have higher rates of delinquent behavior and lower academic achievement, scholars have called for limits on the maximum number of hours per week that teenagers are allowed to work. We use the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1997 to assess the claim that employment and work hours are causally related to adolescent problem behavior. We utilize a change model with age-graded child labor laws governing the number of hours per week allowed during the school year as instrumental variables. We find that these work laws lead to additional number of hours worked by youth, which then lead to increased high school dropout but decreased delinquency. Although counterintuitive, this result is consistent with existing evidence about the effect of employment on crime for adults and the impact of dropout on youth crime.

发挥高校团组织作用 创建先进的校园文化

创建先进的校园文化,要正确理解和把握校园文化的性质,在此基础上要充分认识和发挥高校共青团组织在校园文化建设方面的重要作用,并围绕当前校园文化建设重点开展积极有效的活动,从而营造良好的校园文化氛围,提高学生的整体素质。     

杭州市青年创业环境及优化对策分析

创业是青年参与社会实践的重要形式,也是青年努力寻求梦想实现的平台。创业受到内外部主客观环境的制约。杭州在打造创业型城市的过程中,一定程度上改善了青年创业的环境。杭州青年对杭州创业环境的整体评价较好。同时,杭州青年的创业环境也存在这样四个突出问题：政府针对青年的创业优惠政策宣传不到位,政府项目的可用性不强;青年的创业价值观存在偏差;共青团等青年组织的作用有待加强。解决这些问题,可以从三个方面努力：完善青年创业的政策法制环境,优化青年创业的人文环境,共青团应成为青年创业的组织支撑。     

厘清“青少年”和“青年”概念的分野——国际政策举措与中国实证依据

有关青少年和青年概念的混淆和年龄边界的游移已成为相关研究、政策及干预的一个盲点。本文首先勾勒联合国系统在厘定年龄界限并推出相关政策措施上的发展轨迹,继而利用首次全国青年性与生殖健康调查的定量数据和定性资料描述并解释未成年和成年的青年人在性与生殖健康风险与脆弱性方面的异同,最后阐明了厘清青少年和青年概念的现实和政策涵义。为了与国际接轨,也念及中国国情,笔者力主在有关青少年和青年的研究、政策及实践中使用国际通用的年龄划分标准,并在本土化努力中赋予这些静态范畴以更符合真实世界的动态内涵。     

历史镜像下中国共青团思想建设的话语体系(1978—2015)

话语是时代的声音。改革开放三十多年来,中国共青团思想建设的话语体系经历了破"左"立新、探索理论武装、意识形态青年化表达和中国梦青年话语创新四个重要发展阶段。中国共青团思想建设话语的历史嬗变是对当代中国不同历史发展的主动回应,是对中国共产党执政理念和中心任务的积极关照,体现了中国共青团高度的理论自觉和思想自觉,折射出中国共青团思想引领实践的日臻成熟与工作体系的日趋完善。     

共青团组织服务青少年需求方面的若干思考

当前,青少年群体的结构出现多元化,青少年的社会需求也出现多样化,给共青团工作带来严峻挑战。文章认为共青团组织在参与青少年事务管理的工作中,要在促进青少年学习成才、促进青少年就业创业、促进青少年身心健康发展等方面,为广大青少年提供切实可行的服务。