浅谈犯罪现场血迹形态的记录方法

暴力犯罪的案件现场通常会遗留有血迹。现场血迹的形状、物理性质、遗留位置、分布特点等,都是血迹形态分析和犯罪现场重现的重要信息。分析和重现工作并非都在现场完成,而是需要将现场搜集的资料带回实验室进行研究和分析。因此,勘查人员掌握和利用现场勘查笔录、现场制图、现场照相、现场录像等方法,客观、完整、准确地记录犯罪现场的血迹形态具有重要意义。     

Sri Lanka’s Long Constitutional Moment

Constitutional change in Sri Lanka has been a vexed issue and one mired in party politics for many years now. Particularly intractable difficulties have surfaced over whether the country should jettison the semi-presidential form of government, introduced in 1978, in favour of a Westminster model under which the prime minister would enjoy greater powers. The recent presidential and parliamentary elections, which saw a decisive shift in the popular mood, have brought the debate over constitutional reform into sharp focus and have already led to a number of important initiatives by the new government headed by President Maithripala Sirisena. This article assesses the implications of those initiatives and examines the key challenges that remain to be addressed. It argues that the ‘constitutional moment’ created by the combined outcome of the two recent elections has the potential for further, far-reaching reform.     

文艺学知识形态与反学科的知识实践

文艺学知识形态建设中存在本质主义、反本质主义、建构主义等三种不同的思维方式。本质主义表现在文艺学教材、文学批评实践等方面;反本质主义通过反思经典知识颠覆传统,用“日常生活审美化”重构文艺学知识形态;建构主义反思与重绘文艺学知识“场域”,凸显“关系主义”的文艺学知识形态。文艺学知识形态中多元思维方式应该形成一种和谐关系,需要进行自身清理,凸显当代性和社会使命感,对自身建制、学科理念进行批判性反思。     

法律推理在司法领域的应用与研究

本文以法律逻辑为研究对象,从法律逻辑引出法律推理,介绍目前法律推理的研究状况,从法律推理中探究实质推理的作用和应用。笔者认为,形式推理和实质推理两者不可偏废,只有两者相结合才能构建完善科学的司法体系。     

The Geography of the Recent Housing Crisis: The Role of Urban Form

This study maps the geography of the recent housing crisis within and across American metropolitan areas, and evaluates how it is related to a series of spatial and socioeconomic variables at neighborhood and metropolitan levels. It finds that the spatial patterns of housing recessions vary widely by region. In general, fast-growing metropolitan areas in the Southwest and Florida experienced not only deeper but also longer housing recessions. In contrast, metropolitan areas in the South (except in Florida) saw shallower and shorter housing recessions. Metropolitan areas in the Midwest and Northeast had fewer price declines in the crisis, but their housing recessions tended to be longer. Housing recessions tend to be deeper and longer in larger metropolitan areas. Neighborhoods located closer to city centers experienced shallower and shorter recessions compared with those in fringe areas. Even after controlling for many other variables, automobile dependency is still a strong and positive predictor of housing recession depth and duration. The effects of other urban form variables, such as land-use density and mixed use, are mixed and vary by region. The significance of the effects of neighborhood demographic variables on recession depth is highly dependent on the inclusion of high-risk loan in the model, suggesting that predatory and high-risk lending is one major reason why lower income and minority neighborhoods were hit harder by the recent housing crisis. The effects of high-risk loan and neighborhood demographic variables on housing recession duration, however, are rather weak.     

An Automated Two‐Dimensional Form Registration Method for Osteological Pair‐Matching

This study introduces an automated method for osteological pair‐matching using two‐dimensional outline form data extracted from photographs. A procedure for acquiring photographs that improve the differentiation of specimens from the background is presented along with an extraction procedure that allows the capture of form data from photographs. The raw form data are used in a two‐dimensional registration procedure, which combines iterative closest point, K‐nearest neighbor search, and iterations around an estimated mean. Form data are used in optimized distance calculations that minimize true‐pair difference and maximize false‐pair difference. The sample consists of 122 calcanei and 110 tali from the UI‐Stanford collection. Performance statistics are provided for the maximum and average Segmented‐Hausdorff, Hausdorff, and Procrustes distances to show the comparative statistical results for matching. Results indicate 98.36% and 98.2% accuracy in pinpointing true‐pairs for the calcanei and tali, respectively, using a shortlist of one‐lowest‐distance.     

论单位犯罪罪过形式

近年来不少学者就单位犯罪罪过形式提出了不同于以往主流观点的新主张,从而掀起了法学界关于单位犯罪罪过形式的激烈争论。在分析各种观点的基础上,结合共同犯罪的理论,文章详细分析了单位犯罪的主观构成条件,认为单位犯罪在本质上是一种共同犯罪,其与一般共同犯罪及犯罪集团的区别在于单位是合法成立的组织,它只能由故意构成,单位犯罪的罪过形式不应包括过失。