论汽车车体信息统计数据库在交通事故物证鉴定中的作用

建立汽车车体信息统计数据库对高效处理交通事故来说很有必要。对汽车车体信息 (诸如油漆数据信息、塑料数据信息、反光膜数据信息、橡胶数据信息、玻璃数据信息、车架号数据信息以及车辆轮距与轴距数据信息等 )进行统计收集 ,以合理的标准建立数据库 ,并且用计算机系统进行辅助检索。这样将会使以前交通事故处理过程中进行的走访调查寻找样本的传统的方法得以改善 ,有利于交通事故处理的科学化。     

关于完善煤矿安全生产刑法保障机制的立法构想

近年,我国矿难事故频发,煤炭生产行业为片面追求高产值已经付出了血的代价。为了有效地防止矿难事故,必须在充分运用经济手段和行政手段的同时,相应地加大刑法在煤炭安全生产领域里的调控力度,在刑法中独立设置煤炭生产安全事故罪,强化对煤炭生产过程中的违法违规行为的刑事惩罚力度,使煤炭生产企业和有关人员不敢再无视国家法律法规的规定,无视矿工的生命安全一味去追求高额利润,我国矿难事故的发生率将会大大地降低。     

道路交通事故受伤人员后期医疗费评估的法医学探讨

目的　探讨 13 71例交通事故中受伤人员后期医疗费的影响因素 ,并为此类案例后期医疗费的法医学评估积累经验。　方法　设定影响因素参数为“评估时间、是否评残及后期有无手术” ,并行卡方检验。　结果　评估时间在 1月内者为 475例 ,3月内者 1118例 ;评估时间的不同、是否评残及后期有无手术等因素对后期医疗费的影响有显著性意义 (P <0 .0 1)。　结论　后期医疗费的法医学评估是必要的 ,原则上应依据“普及价格”并考虑多种影响因素综合评估     

Use of drugs of abuse in less than 30-year-old drivers killed in a road crash in France: A spectacular increase for cannabis, cocaine and amphetamines

A collaborative study was conducted in France in order to determine the prevalence of cannabinoids, opiates, cocaine metabolites and amphetamines in blood samples from drivers killed in road accidents in 2003 and 2004 and to compare these values with those of a previous study performed during the period 2000–2001 involving 900 drivers. Blood samples were provided from 2003 under 30-year-old drivers, killed in a traffic accident. Drugs of abuse were determined by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry using the same analytical procedures in all the 12 laboratories.The most frequently observed compounds were by far cannabinoids, that tested positive in 39.6% of the total number of samples. Δ⁹ tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), the most active of the principle constituents in marijuana (cannabis sativa), was detected in the blood of 28.9% drivers and was the single drug of abuse in 80.2% of the positive cases. It was associated with amphetamines in 7.4% and with opiates and cocaine in 1.9 and 4.8%, respectively. Amphetamines were present in 3.1% of the total number of samples, cocaine metabolites in 3.0% and opiates in 3.5%.When comparing these results with those of a previous study performed 3 years before, a significant increase is observed for THC (28.9% versus 16.9%), cocaine metabolites (3.0% versus 0.2%) and amphetamines (3.1% versus 1.4%).This study demonstrates the critical necessity of implementing in France as soon as possible systematical roadside testing for drugs of abuse.     

Determination of vehicle speed from recorded video using the open-source software Kinovea

Video devices of different kind often record traffic accidents, including vehicle-pedestrian collisions and hit-and-run accidents. In these cases, the vehicle speed is valuable information because it can assist the investigators in an accident reconstruction. This paper examines the use of Kinovea, an open-source video annotation tool designed for sport analysis, to estimate vehicle speed in forensic videos. Kinovea does not require a complex methodology, and it can be used to make the calculation easily. A series of vehicle driving experiments using an appropriately calibrated speed radar system (so called Scout Speed) were carried out, and measurements were compared with the estimated speed. In controlled conditions, the comparison of Scout reference speed and calculated average vehicle speed by means of Kinovea found an average difference of 0.43 km/h, with a margin of error of ±0.64 km/h. In addition, further preliminary tests were carried out to check the reliability of the measurements under lower resolution conditions. Also, in these cases the calculations were in line with the ground truth. Therefore, in the tested conditions, Kinovea demonstrated to be an easy and reliable tool available for forensic video examiners. Further tests need to be conducted in order to address the applicability of the measurement technique with true CCTV/surveillance video recordings.     

私藏爆炸物治理对策

私藏爆炸物是严重威胁公共安全的违法犯罪行为,但由于利益驱动、涉爆从业单位管理措施不落实,有关部门发现、查处、打击不力等因素,私藏爆炸物行为屡禁不止,频频引发爆炸事故,给公安机关民爆物品安全管理工作造成巨大的冲击和影响。因此,必须认真研究管理对策,强化治理,有效遏制爆炸事故的发生。     

影响道路交通安全的若干因素

文章以2007年辽宁省本溪市明山区所发生道路交通事故的统计数据和典型案件为例,结合该区的具体情况分别从参与交通活动的人员、车辆、道路以及交通环境四方面要素,分析了影响交通事故发生的主要原因,提出了预防交通事故发生的几点意见,以确保道路交通安全。     

论交通肇事罪的“因逃逸致人死亡”

交通肇事罪“因逃逸致人死亡”是指行为人在交通肇事后为逃避法律追究而逃跑,致使被害人因得不到救助而死亡的情形。《刑法》提高了对交通肇事因逃逸致人死亡这一犯罪情节的量刑幅度,但在司法实践中,如何认定“因逃逸致人死亡”是一个争议较大的问题。所以,应正确理解交通肇事“因逃逸致人死亡”的概念和内涵。笔者认为应将“逃逸”定义为不履行及时救助义务而逃离肇事现场的是“逃逸”。     

析学生伤害事故归责原则的适用

在我国民法理论上,通说认为侵权责任归责原则包括如下三项：过错责任原则、无过错责任原则、公平责任原则。这三项归责原则是处理侵权纠纷的核心依据,但由于侵权纠纷纷繁复杂,如何适用归责原则成为实践中的难题。在学生伤害事故的处理上,这一难题也困扰着审判人员、律师等法律工作者。对此,笔者以两个案例为线索,提出适用归责原则的不同情境。     

汽车电子数据司法鉴定实践探讨

随着汽车相关案件频发和媒体的高度关注,汽车电子数据鉴定逐渐成为电子数据鉴定的热点方向.通过分析汽车电子数据鉴定的典型需求,将其分为事故调查、痕迹溯源和功能鉴定三类.结合汽车电子数据鉴定的技术标准和鉴定工具,系统性地介绍了汽车中具有证据价值的电子控制单元、事件数据记录系统、车载信息娱乐系统、汽车行驶记录仪、汽车行车记录仪...