影响道路交通安全的若干因素

文章以2007年辽宁省本溪市明山区所发生道路交通事故的统计数据和典型案件为例,结合该区的具体情况分别从参与交通活动的人员、车辆、道路以及交通环境四方面要素,分析了影响交通事故发生的主要原因,提出了预防交通事故发生的几点意见,以确保道路交通安全。     

论交通肇事罪的“因逃逸致人死亡”

交通肇事罪“因逃逸致人死亡”是指行为人在交通肇事后为逃避法律追究而逃跑,致使被害人因得不到救助而死亡的情形。《刑法》提高了对交通肇事因逃逸致人死亡这一犯罪情节的量刑幅度,但在司法实践中,如何认定“因逃逸致人死亡”是一个争议较大的问题。所以,应正确理解交通肇事“因逃逸致人死亡”的概念和内涵。笔者认为应将“逃逸”定义为不履行及时救助义务而逃离肇事现场的是“逃逸”。     

析学生伤害事故归责原则的适用

在我国民法理论上,通说认为侵权责任归责原则包括如下三项：过错责任原则、无过错责任原则、公平责任原则。这三项归责原则是处理侵权纠纷的核心依据,但由于侵权纠纷纷繁复杂,如何适用归责原则成为实践中的难题。在学生伤害事故的处理上,这一难题也困扰着审判人员、律师等法律工作者。对此,笔者以两个案例为线索,提出适用归责原则的不同情境。     

汽车电子数据司法鉴定实践探讨

随着汽车相关案件频发和媒体的高度关注,汽车电子数据鉴定逐渐成为电子数据鉴定的热点方向.通过分析汽车电子数据鉴定的典型需求,将其分为事故调查、痕迹溯源和功能鉴定三类.结合汽车电子数据鉴定的技术标准和鉴定工具,系统性地介绍了汽车中具有证据价值的电子控制单元、事件数据记录系统、车载信息娱乐系统、汽车行驶记录仪、汽车行车记录仪...     

一氧化碳中毒致死之案例研究

通过两例一氧化碳中毒致死特殊案例的分析,探讨一氧化碳中毒原因,中毒机理,中毒致死量。案例分析表明,只有通过详细认真的现场勘查,专业性的尸体检验及检材采取,科学的富有逻辑性的案件分析论断,才能准确为案件定性,解答死者家属疑问,以避免冤案错案的产生。     

Love beyond Borders

正IN a speech delivered at Seoul National University in the Republic of Korea on July 4,2014,Chinese President Xi Jinping told a story about a bone marrow donor.Zhang Bao is a Chinese volunteer donor whose blood sample matched that of a South Korean leukemia patient.After recovering from a car accident,he kept his promise to donate his bone marrow to the patient."Fate is unpredictable.It’s not a big deal to lend a hand when others are suffering,"Xi said,quoting Zhang’s words.The president said that of the 156foreign patients who received Chinese bone marrow,45 were South Korean–far surpassing the number from other countries."Moving stories like this can     

A New Tool for Coding and Interpreting Injuries in Fatal Airplane Crashes: The Crash Injury Pattern Assessment Tool Application to the Air France Flight AF447 Disaster (Rio de Janeiro–Paris), 1st of June 2009

For investigation of air disasters, crash reconstruction is obtained using data from flight recorders, physical evidence from the site, and injuries patterns of the victims. This article describes a new software, Crash Injury Pattern Assessment Tool (CIPAT), to code and analyze injuries. The coding system was derived from the Abbreviated Injury Score (AIS). Scores were created corresponding to the amount of energy required causing the trauma (ER), and the software was developed to compute summary variables related to the position (assigned seat) of victims. A dataset was built from the postmortem examination of 154/228 victims of the Air France disaster (June 2009), recovered from the Atlantic Ocean after a complex and difficult task at a depth of 12790 ft. The use of CIPAT allowed to precise cause and circumstances of deaths and confirmed major dynamics parameters of the crash event established by the French Civil Aviation Safety Investigation Authority.     

基于单车事故车速鉴定的取证技术

车速鉴定正成为道路交通事故司法鉴定的重要项目。单车事故由于其特殊性往往简单化处理。单车事故主要类型包括碰撞护栏、侧翻与坠崖等。单车事故车速鉴定原理主要是基于能量守恒定律。在分析三类事故常用鉴定计算公式基础上,对其取证要点进行了探究,包括护栏变形、车辆变形、圆周运动半径、坠车飞行距离等测量。并指出其他事故现场痕迹物证要素的测量对于车速鉴定可以起到辅助佐证的作用。     

涉嫌酒后驾驶交通事故人体损伤与驾驶员血中乙醇质量浓度关系研究

目的探讨涉嫌酒后驾驶所致道路交通事故中人体损伤情况与驾驶员血中乙醇质量浓度关系,为预防、控制道路交通事故及人体损伤提供依据。方法对467例涉嫌酒后驾驶机动车的道路交通事故损伤人员相关鉴定资料与肇事驾驶员血中乙醇质量浓度进行系统分析性研究。结果涉嫌酒后驾驶发生道路交通事故的损伤人员中,以20~39岁男性居多;事故中驾驶员损伤机率最高;酒后交通事故以长头小车及摩托车最多,而驾驶员血中乙醇质量浓度（BAC）为0.1~20mg/100mL浓度的摩托车驾乘人员伤亡构成比最高;酒后驾驶机动车肇事导致的人体致命性损伤及人员死亡的饮酒组危险程度均高于未饮酒组,在驾驶员血中乙醇质量浓度（BAC）为0.1~20mg/100mL组与20.1~80mg/100mL组比较无明显差异。结论酒后驾驶肇事导致的人员伤亡比未饮酒驾车交通事故严重;未达酒后驾车组（BAC为0.1~20mg/100mL）和酒后驾车组（BAC为20.1~80mg/100mL）交通事故导致的人员伤亡无明显差异。研究结果提示,应降低饮酒后驾车血中乙醇质量浓度（BAC）法定标准阈值,进一步控制和减少道路交通事故人身伤亡率。     

Fatal Intoxications in a Forensic Autopsy Material from Epirus,Greece, During the Period 1998‐2010

In this retrospective study, we report the epidemiological characteristics of all poisoning deaths in Epirus, Greece, from 1998 to 2010; we present the toxicological findings and the statistical evaluation of the results. This is the first detailed scientific report on all the officially certified poisoning deaths concerning part of the Greek population. A total of 126 poisoning fatalities were recorded, 67 of them being mono‐intoxications (53.2%). The cause of poisoning was as follows: drugs of abuse (60%); carbon monoxide (19.8%); pesticides (9.5%); corrosives (4.8%); pharmaceuticals (4.8%); and spider bite (0.8%). The most frequently detected poisonous substances were as follows: heroin (65 cases), ethanol (55), benzodiazepines (42), carbon monoxide (25), cocaine (17), cannabinoids (17) and pesticides (12). Increasing tendency in poisoning death rates was recorded, due to an increase in accidental poisoning deaths attributed mainly to drugs of abuse (total, accidental, and drugs‐of‐abuse poisoning death rates per 100,000 inhabitants per year were 1.87, 1.19, and 0.79, respectively, in the period 1998–2002 and 3.97, 3.41, and 2.55, respectively, in the period 2007–2010).