The Influence of Wood Grain on the Bullet's Ricochet Behavior

When a bullet ricochets from wood, various parameters will influence its behavior. In this study, the influence of the wood grain on the ricochet angle (β) and deflection angle (γ) is assessed. Series of five .32 Auto bullets were fired at different angles of incidence (α) on boards of six wood types. The results confirm the previously shown effect that the mean β‐angles usually exceed α and increase when α increases. Overall, the maximum mean γ occurs when the angle of wood grain (ζ), in relation to the plane of impact, lies between 30° and 75° but differs per combination of wood and α. The results show the inclination of γ toward the left or right, depending on the bullets left or right rotation while also showing that the direction of ζ can enhance or counteract this effect considerably, especially when α is close to the critical ricochet angle.     

Skull and Encephalic Injuries Caused by Beach Umbrellas: Case Reports and Review of Literature

This study reports two unusual cases of skull‐encephalic injuries in bathers that were caused by violent impacts with beach umbrellas. The first case concerned a 36‐year‐old man who, while lying on a sun bed, was struck on his left temple by a beach umbrella, which had been blown away by a gust of wind. The second case concerned a six‐year‐old child who was struck on the right temporal region while he was playing on the sand. Both subjects died. A review of the literature was carried out. Various skull and brain injuries caused by several objects were found, but no injuries caused by beach umbrellas were detected. There were only cases of injuries caused by normal umbrellas. These cases showed that several objects can be responsible for traumas causing skull and brain injuries, therefore forensic investigation must be supplemented by circumstantial data.     

多层螺旋CT在交通事故尸检中的应用价值

目的在交通事故死亡者尸检中应用多层螺旋CT进行检查,探讨其应用价值。方法随机数字法选取10名因交通事故死亡者的尸体进行常规CT和多层螺旋CT尸检,进行三维重建图像分析,与尸体解剖尸检结果加以对比分析。结果多层螺旋CT诊断与尸体解剖检查一致性高,较常规CT诊断准确。结论在交通事故死亡者尸检中,应用多层螺旋CT诊断,方法简便易行,与常规尸检结果具有较高的诊断一致性,应用价值极高。     

Vertical Lip Position and Thickness in Facial Reconstruction: A Validation of Commonly Used Methods for Predicting the Position and Size of Lips

This study examined several methods used to estimate oral fissure position, lip margin position, and lip thickness recommended by Angel, George, Lebedinskaya, Taylor, Wilkinson et al., Balueva and Veselovskaya. A sample of 86 lateral head cephalograms of adult subjects from central Europe were measured and the actual and predicted dimensions were compared. The best estimation for oral fissure position was “opposite the lower ¾ mark of maxillary incisors” (error of 1.3 mm). Upper lip margin was predicted best by “upper ¼ mark of maxillary incisors” (error of 1.7 mm), and lower lip margin by “cementum‐enamel junction of mandibular incisors” (error of 2.3 mm). The regression equations of Wilkinson et al. displayed least error (1.3 mm and 1.8 mm, respectively) for upper and lower lip thickness, and method of George (error of 3.4 mm) for total lip thickness.     

犯罪压力下的警力资源不足之探讨

中国警力资源不足是客观存在的,造成中国警力资源不足最为主要的原因是犯罪压力太大,而不是警民比例"太低",警民比例"低"是受认识和计算方法的影响所至,仅用警民人数比例生搬硬套来说明警力不足既不全面也不科学,存在很多理论上的误区和漏洞.除犯罪压力影响外,经费保障不足和资源结构配置不够合理造成警力资源失衡、警察体制机制问题、警察工作倦怠以及警察大量的身心健康问题也加剧了警力资源的不足.针对警力资源不足,可采取的相应对策有进一步深化改革,推进"三基"工程建设,将工作落到实处,注重在科技强警上下功夫,给警力松绑,增加经费的投入,从制度上提供良好的后勤保障环境,从优待警,留住警察人才,以及关心警察、注重解决警察的身心健康问题等.     

区域道路交通事故紧急救援服务体系的构建

近年我国道路交通安全的总体趋势虽然在转好,但仍然呈现出交通事故总量大、死亡人数多的特点。为切实改善这种状况,应借鉴国外经验,在我国构建区域道路交通事故紧急救援服务体系,提高交通事故信息传递、现场急救和急救转运等方面的综合反应和处理能力。     

爆炸案件现场重建初探

随着国际恐怖主义活动的日益猖獗,爆炸案件也呈逐年上升之势,爆炸案件向来是公安机关重点打击的刑事犯罪之一,因此爆炸案件的侦破工作显得尤为重要。而现场重建运用于现场破坏严重、现场范围大且难度天的爆炸案件现场勘查中有其独特的优势。分析爆炸案件特点、爆炸现场重建要解决的问题,探讨采集现场重建各要素的方式,整合刑事技术方面的多重信息,针对爆炸现场最大限度地提出重建与恢复的步骤、方法,从而使现场重建在爆炸案件侦破工作中发挥其重要作用。     

全球背景下中国纠纷解决机制之重构

全球化对中国纠纷解决提出了特殊要求,主要体现为回应型的纠纷解决机理及纠纷解决模式的趋同,在此背景下,应对中国的纠纷解决机制进行反思,并重构当代中国的纠纷解决机制。     

Matching goods and people: aid and human security after the 2004 tsunami

This article asks why, despite an abundance of aid materials and the good intentions of various relief agencies, tsunami-relief efforts in Thailand after the Great Sumatra Earthquake of 2004 resulted in complaints and skewed aid distribution. Beginning with an analysis of how relief goods are distributed in practice, the focus of the article shifts to forces that cause certain types of goods to be concentrated in certain communities. It concludes by identifying the limits of the goods-based relief approach, introducing intangible resources and identity as more foundational dimensions in the study of distribution.     

对我国民事抗诉制度的反思与重构

关于民事抗诉制度,学界和司法界长期存在“废”、“立”两种针锋相对的观点。本文认为,现行民事抗诉制度的确存在不少问题,但这些问题的根本原因在于,现行民事抗诉程序是由两个性质完全不同的程序——民事抗诉程序和民事再审程序——“组装”而成的,严重违反了法理和程序设计的规则。本文认为,要使民事抗诉制度摆脱目前的困境,必须将民事再审程序从现行民事抗诉程序中剥离出去,并对民事抗诉程序进行重新设计。