黔桂侗族习惯法的变迁——以“款约法”为例

"款约法"是侗族地区侗款组织制定的规章约法的款词,是维护各款区的社会秩序的共同规约。"款约法"对于侗族来说就是法律,它从保护自己本民族利益的原则出发,通过"立法"——即盟款的手段制订了族众在政治、经济和社会生活中的各种行为规范,用以维护本民族的社会关系和社会秩序。"款约法"在侗族地区的历史上发挥了重要作用,且在今天还有影响。因此,研究侗族"款约法"的历史地位、作用及启示具有一定的学术和现实意义。     

公司在股东代表诉讼中的法律地位

我国新《公司法》以法律的形式正式确立了股东代表诉讼制度,明确规定提起诉讼的股东为原告,但是对公司诉讼地位没有明确。通过对学界各观点的分析得出,公司一般情况下应以无独立请求权第三人身份参加诉讼,特殊情形之下以有独立请求权第三人参加。     

FUTURE CHILD'S RIGHTS IN NEW REPRODUCTIVE TECHNOLOGY:THINKING OUTSIDE THE TUBE AND MAINTAINING THE CONNECTIONS

This article considers whether children born through assisted human reproduction are entitled to information about their biological origins. It examines the issue both from a clinical perspective, citing social science research and the personal narratives of donor‐conceived children, and from a legal perspective, outlining the extent of a child's “right to know” in different jurisdictions. The article suggests that a uniform legal approach is needed that will recognize the right of all children to access details about their identity and conception, for the sake of their psychological well‐being. The article includes a fact scenario that considers the situation of a donor‐conceived child who has become the subject of a custody dispute, and who has not been told the circumstances of his conception.     

论无特殊身份者参与身份犯的基本界限与程度

在身份犯中,由于具备特殊身份的自然人的危害行为才可能侵犯法益,或加重、减轻法益的侵害,因此,刑法典分则将其作为一种特殊的犯罪类型加以规制。但不具备特殊身份者可以与具备特殊身份者共同侵犯身份犯保护的法益,因此,其可以成为身份犯的共同犯罪人。实行犯与正犯是两个不同的概念,具有不同的机能。对于无特殊身份者能否成为身份犯的共同实行犯之问题,须根据身份犯的实行行为分别而论。但无身份者不能成为身份犯的共同正犯,否则,"区别对待共同犯罪中的首恶者与胁从者,惩办少数,改造多数"之刑事政策就不能实现。     

大学生劳动者主体资格的法律思考

大学生就业已经日益成为一个备受社会各界关注的热点问题。大学生是否具备劳动者主体资格,与企业所订劳动合同是否有效,一般群众有争议,一些法官也有不同认识。在校大学生兼职是否成立劳动关系不能仅仅因为他们的大学生身份一概而论,他们在从事具体工作时的角色就是普通的劳动者,应根据个案的实际情况判断他们是否与雇主建立《劳动法》所调整的劳动关系。     

An Incomplete Victory: The Implications of QT v Director of Immigration for the Protection of Gay Rights in Hong Kong

QT v Director of Immigration is the most important decision on gay rights in Hong Kong since the unequal ages of consent between heterosexuals and homosexuals were held to be unconstitutional 10 years ago. The Court of Appeal of Hong Kong affirmed the right of same‐sex couples married or in a civil partnership overseas to be treated on an equal basis with married heterosexual couples. This note considers the strengths and shortcomings of the Court of Appeal's reasoning, in terms of its potential significance both to the rights of sexual minorities and to the wider protection of human rights by means of the common law.     

The Common Law Constitution at Work: R (on the application of UNISON) v Lord Chancellor

This note considers the radical significance of Supreme Court's judgment in R (on the Application of UNISON) v Lord Chancellor (UNISON) on the unlawfulness of tribunal fees. It argues that the decision marks the coming of age of the ‘common law constitution at work’. The radical potential of UNISON lies in its generation of horizontal legal effects in disputes between private parties. Recent litigation on employment status in the ‘gig economy’ is analysed through the lens of UNISON and common law fundamental rights. The note identifies the various ways in which the common law tests of employment status might be ‘constitutionalised’ in the light of UNISON.     

Perceptually contemporaneous offenses: Gender and fear of crime among African-American university students

There is consensus in the fear of crime literature that women are more afraid of crime than men. Research has explored perceptually contemporaneous offenses to explain the differences in male and female fear, and to explore the possibility that different crimes shape their respective fears. Victimization studies consistently find that African-American citizens are at a higher risk of crime and fear of crime. Using a 2013 sample of a Historically Black Colleges and Universities (HBCU) in the south, the present study will 1) report gender differences in fear of crime, 2) test whether gender differences in fear of crime are explained by perceptually contemporaneous offenses, and 3) assess whether or not men and women share the same master offenses.     

刑法中的身份犯散论

身份犯是刑法学中的一个重要范畴 ,通过对各种观点的述评 ,认为 :身份犯是指刑法中具有一定身份的行为人才能构成的犯罪 ,或者具有一定身份的行为人实施某种犯罪予以从严或从宽处罚的情形。身份犯一般可分为纯正身份犯和不纯正身份犯两种 ,从我国现行刑法的规定来看 ,身份犯亦可分为自然人身份犯和单位身份犯。鉴于贪污贿赂犯罪是最为严重的一类身份犯罪 ,建议 :(1)协调贪污、受贿罪与盗窃、诈骗罪的定罪量刑数额标准 ;(2 )纠正贪污、受贿罪死刑适用标准过高的做法 ;(3)同时犯贪污、受贿二罪的 ,实行“二罪一罚” ;(4)提高巨额财产来源不明罪法定刑至死刑。     

无身份者与有身份者共同犯罪定性问题研究

关于无身份者与有身份者共同犯罪的定性问题,在我国刑法理论界存在较大的争议。借鉴国外共犯理论,对于该问题的解决,应引入部分犯罪共同说,并区分不同情况分别处理。