关于加强警务战略效果评估工作的思考

警务战略效果评估是警务战略指导者依据一定的标准和程序,对警务战略执行后在达成目标、完成任务上的效果进行判断的一种战略指导行为.这种战略指导行为对于改进战略制定系统,完善战略运行机制,提高警务战略的有效性具有重要意义.公安机关应积极采取推进措施,加强其战略指导作用.     

DOMESTIC VIOLENCE,DOVE, AND DIVORCE MEDIATION

The primary objective of this article is to describe DOVE, a 19‐item instrument designed to assess and manage the risk of domestic violence between partners during and following their participation in divorce mediation. Assessing risk, more specifically how DOVE can be used to assess risk, is described first. The resulting risk scores (TOTDOVE) are used to assign individuals to risk categories. Problems associated with using categorical, frequency, and probability risk assessment formats in interpreting and communicating risk are discussed in the second segment of the article. A dual, categorical/probability format is advocated. Managing risk using Safety Plan interventions that are linked with risk category and predictor subscores on control, substance abuse, anger, relationship problems, mental health problems, and conflict is covered in the final segment.     

美国通讯监听立法的演进与发展

1968年美国通过的<综合控制犯罪和街道安全法>对通讯监听的条件、程序、方式及被告人的权利保护等问题做出了规定,以实现有效执行法律和保护公民个人权利之间的平衡."9·11"恐怖袭击事件后,美国先后出台了<爱国者法案>、<外国情报监视法>修正案,以加强情报搜集工作,提高反恐和打击犯罪的能力.这个立法过程漫长曲折,在立法技术上也表现出严格限制和灵活处置的两面性,对我国相关领域的立法具有很强的借鉴意义和参考价值.     

完善吉林地方政府绩效评估模式的建议

政府绩效评估有助于建设法治政府、责任政府和服务型政府,但现行的政府绩效评估已经不能满足吉林地方经济发展的需要。因此,需要结合吉林地方政府绩效评估的现状和存在的问题重新阐释政府绩效评估的基本理念和功能。一方面,为吉林地方政府有效开展绩效评估工作提供理论上的依据;另一方面,为完善吉林地方政府绩效评估模式提出建议。     

MENTORS AND CRIMINAL ACHIEVEMENT*

Much of the research focusing on conventional occupations concludes that mentored individuals are more successful in their careers than those who are not mentored. Early research in criminology made a similar claim. Yet contemporary criminology has all but ignored mentors. We investigate this oversight, drawing on Sutherland's insights on tutelage and criminal maturation and incorporating ideas on human and social capital. We argue that mentors play a key role in their protégés' criminal achievements and examine this hypothesis with data from a recent survey of incarcerated adult male offenders in the Canadian province of Quebec. In this sample, a substantial proportion of respondents reported the presence of an influential individual in their lives who introduced them to a criminal milieu and whom they explicitly regarded as a mentor. After studying the attributes of offenders and their mentors, we develop a causal framework that positions criminal mentor presence within a pathway that leads to greater benefits and lower costs from crime.     

干部选拔标准的评判问题及其消解

干部选拔之所以存在问题,不仅在于干部选拔的标准难以量化、量化不彻底或量化原则难以贯彻,还在于干部政绩评判工作的复杂性、干部评判意识的薄弱性和评判体系的不合理性。解决干部选拔标准的评判问题的关键是解决政绩评判问题;解决政绩评判问题的根本途径是建立健全科学的政绩评判制度,最终解决好“谁评判”、“评判谁”、“评什么”、“怎么评”的问题。     

当代大学生公众形象调查报告

中国青年政治学院青年发展研究院“大学生公众形象调查”结果显示:对贫困大学生现象,社会公众明显认知不足。相反,富足的适度消费与略显奢侈的高消费成为社会公众认知的主流。绝大多数调查对象认为大学生目前的主要心理问题是“精神萎靡不振,”原因是“就业压力过大”。对于大学生学习态度持积极评价的比例和持消极评价的比例基本持平。大学生在公共场合“情侣之间的动作过于亲密”被视为最普遍、最典型的有悖于公共道德或社会伦理规范的行为。     

Violent Sex Offenses: How are They Best Measured from Official Records?

In the United States, sexually violent predator (SVP) commitment statutes generally require assessment of an offender's risk of subsequent sexual violence. Current actuarial methods for predicting sexual reoffending were actually designed to predict something else—charges or convictions for offenses deemed sexual based on information obtained from police “rapsheets” alone. This study examined the referral and past offenses of 177 sex offenders. Results showed that police rapsheets (and data based on them) underestimated the number and severity of sexually motivated violent offenses for which sex offenders were actually apprehended. Rapsheet violent offenses seemed a more accurate index of the conduct addressed by SVP legislation than were rapsheet sex offenses. We suggest that, when evaluating sex offenders for SVP status, actuarial instruments designed to predict violent recidivism (as measured by rapsheet violent reoffenses) might be preferable to those designed to predict sexual recidivism (as measured by rapsheet sexual reoffenses).

精神发育迟滞者的刑事责任能力评定

本文对８０例精神发育迟滞有违法行为者的智力缺损程度、犯案动机、预谋、自我保护能力及对行为的辨认、控制能力等因素进行分析。鉴定结论，诊断为轻度精神发育迟滞者５８例（７２．５％），中度者１７例（２１．３％），重度者５例（６．２％）。评定无责任能力者１３例（１６．３％），限制责任能力４５例（５６．２％），完全责任能力２２例（２７．５％）。