The couple relationship when the female partner has an acquired physical disability

ABSTRACT

‘Whereas the couple relationship is described to be the relationship which is typically the most impacted by disability, spousal support is presented to be the most important form of support following such. To date little is known about the exchange of support and the impact of an acquired physical disability on the couple relationship, especially when considering the perspectives of both partners. Taking a feminist, a resilience and a systemic perspective, this paper seeks to address these gaps by presenting the stories told by three heterosexual couples in whom the females sustained an acquired locomotor disability in the course of the relationship. Individual and joint semi-structured interviews were held with each participating couple. The aim was to systemically understand how the beliefs, ideas and attitudes of each partner mutually contributed to the resilience and maintenance of the couple unit over time, taking also into consideration the contextual factors which helped or hindered the couples in this process.Thematic narrative analysis of the stories told showed how coping post-disability was brought about by mutual and reciprocal circular patterns of interaction initiated and maintained within the couple relationship and influenced by the socio-cultural context. Whereas it was difficult to decipher which party had started off these processes, their occurrence over time limited the burden experienced by both parties because of the disability. The females in this study were empathic and endowed with a sense of gratitude whilst the males were caring and supportive. Both parties were determined to help each other in times of need and to survive the disability ordeal as a couple even if this entailed self-sacrifice and adjustment. Such research presents novel insights about couples impacted by an acquired locomotor disability and the practices and interventions which practitioners, clinicians and policy makers can adopt in supporting couples following such’.     

从真实权利人角度审视善意取得制度

善意取得制度,作为一项国家立法的政策取向,在通说以及我国的立法中,是以牺牲真实权利人的利益为基础来保证交易的安全和便捷,从而维护善意第三人的利益.而对于真实权利人而言,最直观的一点是对已有的物权的丧失,让真实权利人的利益受到了损害.应站在真实权利人角度,从另一个视角审视善意取得制度.     

论非传统商标的显著性认定：价值立场与论证框架

注册非传统商标的门槛因开放式的商标定义而降低。保护非传统商标带来的行政与司法的制度成本不容忽视,其中最需厘清的是显著性判定标准。我国商标法实践中存在"独创性""驰名商标知名度"等不恰当的理论借用,及"商标与商品关系的远近"等欠缺精度的细化规则,尚未形成统一、合理的论证框架;司法审判中权衡多主体法益的思考方式之缺位,催生了对非传统商标的强保护倾向。一个更周延的论证框架是:首先应排除所属行业的通用选择;其后要求申请人履行"第二含义"的证明责任;最后根据有关消费者认知的证据,对显著性进行认定。     

论赃物犯罪中的犯罪对象——以刑法修正案（六）为视角

刑法修正案(六)虽然对赃物犯罪的修订力度较大,不仅扩张了赃物犯罪的对象范围、行为方式的种类,而且加重了其法定刑的配置。但这次修订也并不尽如人意,赃物犯罪的对象是否仅限于有体物,不动产能否成为其犯罪对象,赃物是否仅限于经济价值之物,财产性利益可否成为赃物,赃物与相关财物的厘定等问题也没有较为明确的规定,因而探讨并厘清这些问题对于指导司法实践将有所裨益。     

THE MEANING OF DEVELOPMENT ASSISTANCE

Prevailing paradigms of macro‐economic management and levels and distributions of poverty in some rich countries suggest that economic and strategic self‐interest rather than poverty reduction in poor countries are likely to be the primary objectives of much development assistance. The incommensurability of the paradigms of development discourse makes it unlikely that strongly held ideologically based positions on these matters will change quickly or easily. Moreover, non‐altruistic positions can be maintained more readily by virtue of the loose construction of international declarations such as the Paris Declaration. Based on different interpretations of the Paris Declaration, empirical evidence from Cambodia and Indonesia of donor opportunism that is designed to maximise aid control and aid distinctiveness for non‐altruistic purposes is presented. Recent sharp declines in donor legitimacy have made this more difficult to do, but even so, there have been no concomitant reductions in donor self‐assurance concerning their exclusive possession of the moral and technical high ground. Such behaviour is, however, increasingly resented particularly by government officials in lower middle‐income countries like Indonesia. Resulting relationships lack trust and are therefore unlikely to contribute optimally either to the realisation of non‐altruistic purposes or to poverty reduction. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

存在主义女性主义和生态女性主义的分歧——基于女性与自然的关系的视角

存在主义女性主义和生态女性主义是女性主义思潮中的重要流派,它们在推动女性主义运动发展中扮演着重要的角色,二者对女性和自然的关系的观点存在很多分歧。存在主义女性主义认为妇女应该拒绝她们的身体以及她们与自然的联系,强调超越女性的他者性,梳理女性主体意识。生态女性主义则认为妇女与自然的关系是紧密的,妇女解放与自然的解放是相互联系的工程,反对在父权制世界观的统治下对女性与自然的压迫。     

重塑侵害商标权的认定标准

现代商标制度把"混淆标准"与"淡化标准"作为认定侵害商标权的标准,两个标准并置导致了商标法侵权理论的混乱。"混淆标准"预设了商标法的消费者中心主义,并把理性消费者作为判定侵权的主体。现代技术塑造了商标对消费者的符号暴力,理性消费者的缺失使"混淆标准"丧失了依据。消费者受益是商标法保护商标权人的结果,而不是目的。商标法应以对商标所有人的保护作为第一要旨。商标所有人中心主义抑或消费者中心主义导致了对政府监管的不同态度。侵害商标权的认定标准应当以商标权作为考虑的基点,"商标显著性受到损害之虞"可以统合商标法上既有的"混淆标准"与"淡化标准",矫正了既有商标权认定标准的不足,有其自身的优势。