Risk Factors Associated with the Chronicity of High Potential for Child Abuse and Neglect

The present 4-year follow-up study involves 56 mothers who were evaluated by social agencies as being abusive and neglectful or at high risk for child abuse and neglect. The aim of the study is to analyze the relationship between psychosocial risk factors (relating to the history and current situation of the mothers) that were present at the time the families were initially recruited and the fact that some of the mothers continue to show a high potential for child abuse and neglect (chronic abuse and neglect), whereas others were able to overcome the problem (transitory abuse and neglect). Results indicate that the following variables are particularly associated with situations involving chronic problems of abuse and neglect: initial level of severity of potential for abuse and neglect; dual-parent status; a large number of children at the time of intervention (3.13 times more risk of chronicity for large families); the fact that as a child the mother herself had been placed in a foster home (3.7 times more risk); that she had been sexually abused (3.5 times more risk); and that as an adolescent she had run away from home (3.02 times more risk). Our results indicate that mothers who have a combination of more than eight risk factors are four times more likely to be in the chronic group.     

干部实绩考核方法论探析

凭实绩用干部是新时期新阶段干部原则的创造性发展.贯彻凭实绩用干部的原则,必须坚持马克思主义的世界观和方法论,用科学的方法考核干部的实绩,正确处理干部的物质文明建设成果与精神文明建设成果、个人实绩与集体实绩、现实成果与长远发展潜力、客观条件与主观努力等一系列关系,使实绩考核科学地引导和激励干部,在干部管理中发挥更加积极的作用.     

群众性经济技术创新工程评估体系构建

创建群众性经济技术创新工程评估体系具有重要理论与实践意义。评估体系的构建应包含评估原则、评估人员构成、评估程序、评估内容以及评估指标构成等内容。在创建评估体系时应避免盲目追求评价指标高标准和只注重经济效益,忽略其他方面的倾向。     

The Responsible Subject As Citizen: Criminal Law, Democracy And The Welfare State

This paper seeks to explain two problems posed by the history of criminal law doctrine by situating them in the context of the political sociology of citizenship. First, the paper outlines the logical connection between the rise to doctrinal orthodoxy of the idea of the responsible subject and the contemporaneous emergence of universal political citizenship. Secondly, it argues that subjectivist orthodoxy in doctrine may be reconciled with the apparently antithetical forms of regulatory strict liability law within the terms of 'modern democratic citizenship' as the latter were conceptualised by T. H. Marshall. Finally, by means of a comparison with Alan Brudner's recent philosophical rationalisation of the modern criminal law, it proposes that situating the criminal law in its environment of citizenship will help us to understand better the tensions that underlie contemporary challenges to its doctrine.     

虚拟经济的效应与风险分析

虚拟经济在我国社会主义市场经济条件下对经济发展的作用日益突出,但是人们对它却存在着不同程度的片面认识,随着我国经济体制改革的不断深入,我国社会主义市场经济体制的不断完善,正确认识和掌握虚拟经济的运动规律越来越显得重要,特别是它自身的虚拟性经常表现出来的两面性,对我国社会主义的现代化建设既有积极作用也有消极作用的问题,非常值得我们深入研究。     

THE IMPACT OF RACIALLY INCLUSIVE SCHOOLING ON ADULT INCARCERATION RATES AMONG U.S. COHORTS OF AFRICAN AMERICANS AND WHITES SINCE 1930*

Despite the substantial body of research on the psychological and social effects of racial segregation in schools on African Americans, few studies have considered the possibility that more racially inclusive schools might reduce the risk of extremely negative adult life experiences such as incarceration. Yet such a connection is made plausible by research linking black racial isolation in schools to variables that are often associated with incarceration rates, including concentrated poverty, and low educational and occupational aspirations and attainment. In this paper, we apply methods first developed by labor economists to assess the impact of racial inclusiveness in schools on individual incarceration rates for 5‐year cohorts of African Americans and whites born since 1930. We find strong support for the conclusion that blacks educated in states where a higher proportion of their classmates were white experienced significantly lower incarceration rates as adults. Moreover, our analysis suggests that the effects of racial inclusiveness on black incarceration rates have grown stronger over time. These longitudinal effects are consistent with the argument that the educational climate of predominantly black schools has deteriorated in more recent decades.     

试论组织管理的风险及消除

组织目标在制定和执行的过程中,由于受各种因素的影响,往往就会出现这样或者那样的不确定性因素,这就是组织目标实施过程的风险,即:组织管理风险。组织管理过程的风险一般都具有长期性、突发性、广泛性和可解决性等特征。因此、组织活动的管理者,可以通过调查研究、科学预测、完善组织管理的监督机构、采用科学的决策方法、以及提高者自身素质等方面的措施,不断将组织管理过程中的风险减少到最小,甚至完全消除。     

建立我国存款保险制度的法理思考

随着我国金融体制改革进程的不断深入,金融市场化、国际化进程的加快,加之金融业竞争的加剧和世界性金融危机的不断出现,探索建立适合我国国情的存款保险制度、形成适应市场经济要求的金融稳定机制就成为当前一项重要的任务。本文就建立存款保险制度的法理依据和现实依据以及我国存款保险立法应遵循的基本原则进行了论述。     

加入WTO对我国金融业的影响及应采取的对策

外资金融机构进入中国市场，有利于加速发展我国金融服务业，提高其整体素质和水平，以尽快适应市场经济的客观要求。但外资金融机构的进入，也使金融风险增加，金融市场的竞争更加激烈，高级金融人才流失现象更加突出。为此，我国金融业必须加快金融体制改革，增强中资银行的竞争力；加速完善我国金融立法体系和金融监管体系，防范金融风险；利用“保障条款”和“例外条款”，保障民族金融业；加快金融机构人事制度改革，强化人才资源管理。     

汽车消费贷款犯罪若干问题

随着我国私人汽车的普及和商业银行汽车消费贷款业务的开展,一种新的贷款犯罪——汽车消费贷款犯罪也相应出现并有大幅增长的趋势。汽车消费贷款犯罪的表现形式主要是骗取贷款和恶意欠款。可以从建立信用体系、完善法律法规、加强银行内部风险控制、加大打击力度等方面入手进行防治。