我国民生政策制定中公民参与协商模式探究

民生政策制定中公民参与协商关涉公民切身利益、党的执政根基、重大决策风险、核心价值融合与社会稳定等,公民参与协商愿意强.其协商状况最易于体现社会主义协商民主制度的优劣真伪.优化民生政策制定中公民参与协商模式是深入推进我国协商民主制度建设的重要任务,意义重大深远.我国民生政策制定中公民参与协商模式主要存在"决策型、动员型与...     

Community Consultation in Victorian Local Government: A Case of Mixing Metaphors?

This article draws on a three-year collaborative research project investigating how community consultation is practised by Victorian councils, especially in relation to multiple publics and groups that councils can find 'hard to reach'. Based on an analysis of consultation documents, this article looks at councils' understanding of community consultation and underlying assumptions, the expected outcomes and how this is translated into guidance for practice. The research demonstrates that councils aim to consult to provide a range of outcomes, but there is a lack of clarity about how to choose and use the appropriate combination of consultation tool(s) and public(s) to facilitate these. Councils are also unclear about how the outcomes of consultation feed into existing decision-making processes and the implications of this for democratic legitimacy. This is in part due to the fact that the conceptual tensions around consultation and the democratic process are apparent not so much by virtue of what is said about them, but of what is not said. The article begins by outlining the conceptual and definitional problems associated with consultation using typologies of public participation. We investigate how typologies inform the consultation documents developed by councils and in how far they support practice. We then address the need to involve multiple publics and the vexed issue of who is hard to reach and why they should be consulted.     

Can the market help the forum? Negotiating the commercialization of deliberative democracy

Deliberative ideals have become commercial goods bought and sold in an expanding consultancy market. In this market, demand is generated by government and advocacy groups seeking innovative ways to engage with the public. On the supply side are a growing number of commercial organizations selling deliberative goods and services such as process design, facilitation and evaluation. This paper characterizes the nature of this deliberative market, and considers its implications for democracy and contemporary governance. An analysis of deliberative consultants finds that their professional world is more akin to a ‘community of practice’ rather than a marketplace. But the development of this community of deliberative practitioners could go in opposing directions. On the one hand consultants could become the entrepreneurs of deliberative democracy, promoting and demonstrating its benefits for policy making. On the other hand, if the motivations for deepening democracy are fully replaced by business imperatives and competition, then the deliberative project would be severely undermined. Rather than predict the future, the paper identifies some of the opportunities and challenges for democratic governance as elements of deliberative democracy are commodified.

推行工资集体协商制度刍议

从历史经验、现实发展、未来要求、国际惯例上看,加快企业工资制度改革,推行工资集体协商制度具有客观必然性和现实紧迫性;实施工资集体协商制度对于改善企业分配机制、加强工会职责、促进社会和谐共享具有重要意义;加快企业工资制度改革,推行工资集体协商重点在于:源头立法是前提、改革工会是关键、转变观念是基础、健全机制是核心。     

论诉讼经济原则的司法实现——一种控辩协商合意的制度立场

在效率理论呼应下,诉讼经济原则成为研究程序经济性的一个重要分析工具。为此,刑事诉讼程序的运作应该在达成诉讼目的的前提下,强调迅速裁判,讲究程序简化和避免程序浪费或程序重复。诉讼经济原则要求刑事诉讼程序的设计与运行体现成本控制和协商合意的理念与机制,以此作为考量,辩诉交易、和解不起诉、污点证人豁免的制度确立和简易程序的完善将是中国刑事诉讼立法的科学选择。     

Crowdsourcing and regulatory reviews: A new way of challenging red tape in British government?

Much has been said about the appeal of digital government devices to enhance consultation on rulemaking. This paper explores the most ambitious attempt by the UK central government so far to draw on “crowdsourcing” to consult and act on regulatory reform, the “Red Tape Challenge.” We find that the results of this exercise do not represent any major change to traditional challenges to consultation processes. Instead, we suggest that the extensive institutional arrangements for crowdsourcing were hardly significant in informing actual policy responses: neither the tone of the crowdsourced comments, the direction of the majority views, nor specific comments were seen to matter. Instead, it was processes within the executive that shaped the overall governmental responses to this initiative. The findings, therefore, provoke wider debates about the use of social media in rulemaking and consultation exercises.     

略论统一战线服务社会治理

根据我国改革发展的总目标,党的十八届三中全会适时提出了国家治理体系和治理能力现代化的主张,其中社会治理是保证我国实现发展目标的必要条件。统一战线作为党的政治优势,在社会治理中将发挥自身独特作用。统一战线是各党派、各民族、各宗教、新社会阶层以及海内外同胞组成的广泛联盟,其大团结、大联合的属性,尤其对社会转型过程中出现的新的界别、新的社会阶层的团结和协调作用重大。因此,统一战线通过发挥自身优势,协调社会各方各界关系,团结社会各方力量,服务社会治理,将为创建社会主义和谐社会做出新的更大贡献。     

把政治协商纳入决策程序——发展社会主义协商民主的重要原则

党的十八大报告在总结历史和实践的基础上,提出“建立健全社会主义协商民主制度”,并明确要求：“把政治协商纳入决策程序,坚持协商于决策之前和决策之中,增强民主协商实效性.”明确将“把政治协商纳入决策程序”作为发展社会主义协商民主的重要原则,必须按照十八大要求认真做好“把政治协商纳入决策程序”各项工作.     

新形势下对加强中俄经贸合作的几点思考

进入21世纪后,世界政治经济形势的重大变化为加强中俄经贸合作提供了新的契机。加强中俄经贸合作,妥善解决中俄经贸面临的问题,对巩固中俄战略协作伙伴关系、推动双方经济的发展意义重大。