县域社会经济发展与府际关系的调整——以金华—义乌府际关系为个案研究

县域社会经济的迅猛发展带来传统府际关系的矛盾冲突,从经济关系、行政关系和治理关系这一三维分析框架剖析这一矛盾冲突,能有效解释地方府际关系变迁与发展的逻辑。金华—义乌府际关系的典型案例可以得出三个结论:(1)合理的经济关系必须符合市场经济规律的客观要求,它不仅仅是单向的辐射关系,而且更是双向的对流关系。(2)科学的行政关系必须回应权力运行的规则,它不是单一的行政管辖,而是双方的权力互动。(3)和谐的治理关系必须基于社会发展的规律,它不是单边的各自为政,而是双边的利益共生。惟其如此,地方府际关系才能从根本上实现长效的制度安排,并为地方政治文明、物质文明和精神文明的发展提供永续的制度支持。     

行政合理性原则之内涵重塑与现实运用

行政合理性原则作为行政法基本原则已经受理论和实践的巨大挑战,重新界定行政合理性原则具有重要的理论和实际意义。     

完善我国行政合同救济制度

行政管理的形式随着我国民主和法治建设的不断发展更加多样化,行政合同作为我国一种新型的行政管理手段,在行政机关运用的越来越频繁。但我国行政合同法律制度相对滞后,行政合同的救济制度存在诸多问题。行政合同行为属于行政诉讼的受案范围,行政程序法应对行政合同行为作专门规定。     

On the Regulation of the Discretion of Environmental Administrative Punishment: Based on the Framework of the Modernized Environment Governance System

With the increasing environmental risks, the limitations of legislative regulation, negative judicial regulation and weak administrative regulation make it difficult to regulate the exercise of the discretion of environmental administrative punishment, which also increases the difficulty of the implementation of environmental administrative penalty decisions. The government, enterprises and the public three-dimensional main body structure constructed by the modern environmental governance system provides a new framework for the discretionary regulation of environmental administrative punishment. Based on the traditional theories of administrative Law, three regulation mechanisms can be formed,which include administrative self-control, negotiation regulation, and the social regulation. These three regulatory mechanisms working together in the whole process of environmental administration would regulate and restrict the exerting of discretion of environmental administrative punishment.     

交往理性:公民政治参与的新范式

哈贝马斯交往理性理论有力地批判了近、现代工业文明条件下以工具理性思维模式为基础的“精英民主论,”为当代“大众参与民主论”发展提供了一种哲学话语和方法论基础。以交往理性建构的程序主义商谈民主观,其核心在于强调只有公民的有效参与,才是实现民主的根本途径。这种政治哲学思维对促进当代中国政治文明建设,实现公民参与公共决策具有一定的理论启迪和借鉴意义。     

Social Democracy or Social Liberalism? Ideological Sources of Liberal Democrat Policy

Liberal Democrat policy has been labelled as social democratic, yet the party has been reluctant to so describe itself. Taking Crosland's The Future of Socialism as a reference point, there appears to be much shared ground between social democracy and Liberal Democrat policy. Meanwhile, the party's tax policy adopted in 2006 takes the Croslandite approach of taxing wealth rather than income. Despite this, the article argues that the party is a social liberal rather than a social democratic one. These two political philosophies have so much in common that it is understandable that some commentators see the influence of social democracy where they might instead perceive social liberalism. Yet the two differ in their attitudes to the state. Both see a positive role for the state in furthering social goods. However, social liberalism shares classical liberal concerns about the dangers of an over-mighty state. This approach underpins Liberal Democrat policy.     

International Organizations ICTs Policies: E‐Democracy and E‐Government for Political Development

New technologies provide new channels of access to political information and participation in decision‐making processes. This assumption is clearly important in the action plans and policies of International Organizations (World Bank, Organisation for Economic Co‐operation and Development, United Nations), which have assumed a leadership role in the reform of political institutions. Starting from an analysis of the reasons that have brought the state and processes of institution building back into focus, this paper will reconstruct the International Organizations' vision of the transformative potential of new information technologies and their activity in this field. Particular attention will be devoted to e‐democracy and e‐government as policies to build democracy in developing countries.     

Seychelles: Democratising in the shadows of the past

This article is an assessment of the country's governance and the likelihood that the country can break free from the shadow of former President René and his one-party state. The paper examines eight key areas of democratic governance: the constitution and rule of law; the judiciary; the National Assembly; elections; civil society; the internal security forces; economic life; and the executive. Although it finds some changes for the better over the last few years, old habits remain of a politicised judiciary, a blurring of the boundaries between party and state, regime policing, partisan distribution of state benefits and a constrained National Assembly. It concludes with a discussion of the likely role of the former incumbent, given that he still retains the chair of the ruling party and shows little sign of allowing the new President to be his own man. The likelihood of further governance progress for Seychelles depends on the political courage of President Michel.     

Verschafft die direkte Demokratie den Benachteiligten mehr Gehör? Der Einfluss institutioneller Rahmenbedingungen auf die mediale Präsenz politischer Akteure

Dieser Aufsatz untersucht den Einfluss politisch‐institutioneller Kontextfaktoren auf die Artikulationschancen politischer Akteure in der Öffentlichkeit. Als empirische Grundlage dient eine Inhaltsanalyse der Schwangerschaftsabbruchdebatte in der Schweiz im Vergleich mit Deutschland und den USA über einen Zeitraum von drei Jahrzehnten. Es wird aufgezeigt, dass institutionell bedingte Machtdifferentiale ‐ vermittelt über mediale Selektionslogiken ‐ in hohem Masse die öffentliche Präsenz der Akteure, ihr mediales Standing, bestimmen. Dies benachteiligt insbesondere zivilgesellschaftliche Herausforderer, wie etwa soziale Bewegungen. Direktdemokratische Verfahren, so wird weiter argumentiert, wirken in der Schweiz diesem Effekt jedoch entgegen, indem sie den Aussenseitern Möglichkeiten zur Profilierung und Etablierung bieten. Davon profitieren ebenfalls die Parteien, welchen in der Schweiz ansonsten eine schwache institutionelle Stellung attestiert wird. Mit seinen Ergebnissen stützt der Aufsatz schliesslich die Forderung nach einer Kontextualisierung politischer Kommunikationsforschung im Sinne eines “institutional turn” und zeigt das Potenzial einer komparativen Vorgehensweise auf.     

论我国行政处罚听证制度的不足及其完善

听证制度是行政程序法基本制度的核心。从司法执法实践可以看出,《行政处罚法》缺乏较为详细的配套性规定,尤其是一些重要的制度性建设欠明确与具体,及时总结以往听证工作的经验,完善行政处罚的听证程序已是一项紧迫任务。