“犯罪记录”和“前科”混淆性认识的批判性思考

刑法学界对于“前科”和“犯罪记录”有着普遍的混淆性认识，导致相关研究存在严重的方向性偏差，研究视角的多重错位更是导致了研究结论的非科学性。科学界分“前科”与“犯罪记录”是前科消灭制度研究的理论前提。“犯罪记录”是对犯罪事实及其刑事判决的纯粹客观记载，“前科”则是对犯罪记录的一种规范性评价，“犯罪记录”和“前科”之间是评价对象与评价结论的关系。真正影响犯罪人回归社会的，不是“前科”和“犯罪记录”，而是社会公众自发的非规范性评价，“标签效应”等均是此种非规范性评价的结果。     

"疑罪"应当"从无"吗?——法治与情理视角下对疑罪从无原则的重新审视

有"确信"方可定罪,"疑罪"则应从无,这是现代刑事诉讼的基本原则之一.但在实践中,无确信而定罪或明或暗存在,导致疑罪从无原则出现了异化.这种异化的重要原因是情理与法治的冲突,解决的路径在于法治对情理的要求适度让步,对传统的疑罪从无理念进行松动,降低确信成立的条件.     

Personality features of an adolescent female offending population

The incidence of adolescent offending has been shown to be different for young males and females. However, there is a lack of literature concerning adolescent female offenders, and despite research suggesting that personality factors may be linked with antisocial and criminal behaviour in adolescents and young adults; there have been a lack of studies investigating intra-sex personality differences in young female populations. The Millon Adolescent Clinical Inventory, a 160-item self-report personality measure, was administered to 26 non-offending and 28 offending adolescent females. It was found that the offending group was significantly less submissive, less conforming, more forceful, more oppositional and more likely to exhibit borderline personality traits than the control group. The offending group also had higher reported incidences of childhood abuse and family conflict, and were more prone to substance abuse, impulsive actions and suicide ideation. These initial findings suggest that personality differences may well exist between offending and non-offending adolescent females.     

北京地区人群血清型α2HS频率调查与血痕中α2HS的检测

本文采用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶等电聚焦和免疫固定技术,调查北京地区随机人群的α2HS糖蛋白(α2HS)的频率分布。在185名无亲缘关系的健康人中,发现3种常见表型,即α2HS1-1型(99人)、2-1型(74人)、2-2型12人。未发现稀有型。基因频率为:α2HS~1=0.7351,α2HS~2=0.6490。室温中保存6个月的血痕,可检出其α2HS表型。     

青少年体质健康差异与人格发展的实证研究

运用卡特尔16种人格因素测试表(16PF)等心理测验方法,并与青少年体质测试结果进行对应研究发现:健全大学生的个性心理品质对于增进其身心健康和谐发展具有重要意义。体质健康状况不同,在个性类型分布趋向、个性心理特点、心理健康平均分值上存在不同程度的差异,体质健康状况较好的优于体质健康状况较差的。这就为深化高校体育教学改革提供了相关依据。     

AGE AND ITS RELATION TO CRIME IN TAIWAN AND THE UNITED STATES: INVARIANT,OR DOES CULTURAL CONTEXT MATTER?*

Current empirical and theoretical understanding of the relation between age and crime is based almost entirely on data from the United States and a few prototypical Western societies for which age‐specific crime information across offense types is available. By using Western databases, Hirschi and Gottfredson (1983) projected that the age distribution of crime is always and everywhere robustly right‐skewed (i.e., sharp adolescent peak)—a thesis that is both contested and widely accepted in criminology and social science writings. In the study described here, we tested this age–crime invariance thesis by comparing age–crime patterns in Taiwan (a non‐Western Chinese society) with those in the United States. In light of Taiwan's collectivist culture versus the U.S. individualist gestalt, we anticipated more divergence than homogeneity in their age–crime schedules. Our findings show robust divergence in Taiwan's age–crime patterns compared with U.S. patterns and the reverted J‐shaped norm projected by Hirschi and Gottfredson. Implications for research and theory on the age–crime relation and for studying human development or life‐course topics more broadly are discussed.     

属人管辖权的刑法思考

有限制属人管辖权是本国刑法对在其领域外的本国公民犯罪的管辖设置一定前提条件;无限制属人管辖权对本国公民在国外犯任何罪都应当管辖。“我国公民不论其在世界上的哪个国家,也不论在外国居住时间有多久,他所实施的行为只要符合我国刑法中犯罪的规定,我国刑法都可以追究其刑事责任。”此规定明显不具合理性。缩小属人管辖权的管辖范围、救济公民权利、制裁违法行为是我国刑法属人管辖权规范控制的应然考虑。     

寻找与寄托--“长征纪念热”背后的社会文化心理分析

在信念失落、价值迷惘的今天,再到长征那里去寻觅精神支柱,这就是长征纪念热背后蕴涵的一股欲以重建中国价值信念的隐蔽型文化思潮。     

构建青少年荣辱观教育的联动机制

加强青少年荣辱观教育，是社会发展的需要，也是青少年健康成长的需要。青少年荣辱观教育的基本任务是让他们明辨荣辱、存荣弃辱、行荣拒耻、以义求荣。为此，必须发挥家庭教育的奠基作用、学校教育的阵地作用、社会教育的熏陶作用和自我教育的内省作用，形成“四位一体”的联动机制，促进青少年健康成长和顺利成才。     

新形势下高校工会思想政治工作浅析

新形势下的高校工会 ,在特定的环境中 ,应摆正思想政治工作位置 ,抓住理想信念核心 ,围绕党的中心任务 ,增强政治敏锐性。根据高校特点 ,因地、因人、因事、因时地开展思想政治工作 ,牢牢把握思想政治工作主动权