Surveying the terrain: Current issues in the prevention and management of sexually abusive behaviour by males

Abstract

This paper focuses on critical issues and challenges concerning five areas: the prevention of sexually aggressive behaviour; inter-agency collaboration; groupwork programmes for adult offenders; eligibility levels regarding services for adolescent offenders; and professional issues.

Key messages which emerge are: the need to prevent punitive parenting in early childhood; the importance of healthy intra-agency processes as a foundation for effective inter-agency working; ensuring careful selection of clients for groupwork programmes; developing a tiered set of service thresholds for adolescent offenders; and the need to sustain the emotional responsiveness of staff.     

解读“80后”现象——谈青少年的社会评价问题

“80后”一度成为、社会舆论评价的焦点。解读“80后”现象可以使我们正确地看待青少年的社会评价问题，可以让人们能够消除代际间的偏见，增进代际问的沟通与理解，从而建构有利于青少年成长的社会舆论环境。“80后”现象表明：人们对新生代的关注，是深层的社会忧患意识的表现；青少年的社会评价是代际评价的同义语，往往会伴随着偏见；不客观的社会评价往往不会引起新生代的认同；了解、理解新生代，是青少年社会评价客观性的前提。     

易发生、难纠正：我国冤案运行机制的社会学考察

著名法社会学家布莱克的＂案件的社会结构＂理论认为,＂案件的命运就取决于案件的社会结构＂。从社会资本的利益博弈来看,致冤的社会结构可以理解为致冤案发生的主要环节之间的主体结构及其之间相互关系,或简单理解为司法机关之间的内在博弈。我国由于公检法三机关之间,无论是在制度内还是在制度外,都缺乏有效的监督制约,加之背后的利益机制,导致冤案易发生、难纠正。在伸冤者与致冤者的博弈中,伸冤者由于天然的处于绝对劣势地位,其社会资本远远弱于致冤者本人及其代表的国家机器。冤案之所以难以纠正,与目前的＂自错自审自纠＂体制、过于严格的＂错案问责＂机制及办案单位自行支付赔偿的做法有关。因而,应从根本的制度和机制上着手,为＂有错必纠＂扫清路障。     

关于青少年越轨行为的思考

随着社会经济的发展和价值多元化态势的日益显现,青少年越轨行为成为社会普遍关注的问题。这和青少年身心快速发育、价值观扭曲、情感意志薄弱等因素有关,也和当前社会价值取向多元化、家庭教育和学校教育错位等外界因素有关。预防和减少青少年越轨行为是一个系统工程,需要家庭、学校、社会及各职能部门齐抓共管,共同努力。     

Population data for a novel, highly discriminating tetra-local Y-chromosome short tandem repeat: DYS503

Population: Population samples for gene diversity studies were obtained from the Virginia Division of Forensic Science (bloodstains), Richmond, VA. Ninety-eight Caucasian and 100 African American samples were included in this study.     

Allele frequencies of 20 Y-chromosomal short tandem repeat loci in a tribal population of Deccan Plateau, India

Population: Eighty male individuals from a nomadic tribal population belonging to Dravidian and Indo-Caucasian ethnicities from Deccan Plateau, Andhra Pradesh, India, were analyzed in the present study.     

Allele frequencies of 15 STRs in the Calchaqui Valleys population (North-Western Argentina)

Allele frequencies for 15 short tandem repeat (STR) loci were obtained from a sample of 110 individuals from the Calchaqui Valleys population (North-Western Argentina). The combined power of exclusion and combined power of discriminating for the 15 tested STR loci were 0.999964 and 0.9999999999999998, respectively. Matching probability was 1 in 4.58 × 10(15). Therefore, it may be concluded that the set of 15 STRs included in the AmpF STR Identifiler kit, represents a powerful tool for forensic applications, paternity testing and population genetics studies in the Calchaqui Valleys population.     

单位犯罪存在范围的批判性反思

市场经济的进一步发展催生出了更多的单位犯罪,我国1997年《刑法》正式将单位确定为犯罪主体,这对于打击单位犯罪具有里程碑式的意义。但是,由于立法层面上没有兼顾单位犯罪与自然人犯罪之间的逻辑平衡,加之刑法理论界相关研究的匮乏,导致在司法层面上对单位犯罪的认定各行其是,以致使得刑事司法难以应对诸多的新型单位犯罪。因此,针对单位犯罪研究与司法操作的混乱局面,深入探究单位犯罪与自然人犯罪的关系,进而全面思索刑事立法对于单位犯罪加以干预范围的明确化和视角转换问题,对于完善单位犯罪刑法规制体系具有立法和理论研究的必要性和前瞻性。     

Measuring the Rarity of Fingerprint Patterns in the Dutch Population Using an Extended Classification Set

Latent print examiners often use their experience and knowledge to reach a conclusion on the identity of the source. Their conclusion is primarily based on their personal opinion on the rarity of the matching fingerprint features. Fingerprint patterns, if present, can play a significant role in the final assessment of a match. The authors believe that statistical data on the rarity of fingerprint patterns strengthens the subjective evaluation of the corresponding information. In order to provide fingerprint examiners with additional numerical support, fingerprint patterns were manually classified in a set of 24,104 fingerprints. In this study the frequencies of occurrence of 35 different fingerprint patterns have been obtained. The frequency data presented in this study can be used in the ACE‐V process applied in forensic casework, allowing for the assessment of the evidential strength related to a specific fingerprint pattern type.     

雇佣犯罪的定罪与处罚研究——兼论主从犯分类理论的不合理性

现实中的雇佣犯罪在主观和客观方面都表现出多种复杂形式。司法实践中对雇佣犯罪定罪处罚大多局限于典型的雇佣犯罪,这在很多程度上影响了司法的准确性和量刑的适当性。雇佣犯罪所面临的一些难题,也反映了我国刑法中主从犯分类理论存在诸多不合理之处,并不适合作为共犯分类的理论,采用正犯与狭义共犯的分类理论比较合理。