普通公安大专与成人公安大专学生现状之比较

本文作者在深入调查的基础上，从学习方面、交往方面和经济生活方面，对普通公安大专与成人公安大专学生的现状进行了比较，为有关教师和管理人员更加有的放矢地搞好学生的教育与管理工作提供参考。     

浅析成人高等职业教育自学考试制度

成人高等职业教育自学考试制度是在高等教育自学考试基本框架下增设的一种具有新的功能定位、新的服务面向、新的制度内涵,并以检验职业能力为核心价值取向的应用型自学考试形式。双证融通机制的建立是实现成人高等职业教育自学考试制度自身功能定位的重要手段。     

成人高等职业教育招生考试研究

招生考试与培养目标、培养对象、教育内容有密切关系。成人高等职业教育所需要的知识基础,可以从先行知识、学习能力两个方面考虑。成人高等职业教育的培养目标、学习时长、培养对象决定了起点知识水平:应以高中毕业或略低于高中毕业的文化程度为考试标准。文化课考试类别可依据不同工种所需知识类别划分。对于"三校生"毕业、有一定工作经验的职工而言,大专层次的高等职业教育与职业资格的第二级(技师)对应。因此,成人高等职业教育的招生考试中,职业技能考试应以该专业对应工种的高级工技能为标准。     

犯罪嫌疑人未成年亲属作证之保护——由“校长拒绝警察询问学生”切入

我国现行刑事诉讼立法中，犯罪嫌疑人未成年亲属负有作证义务违背了社会的基本道德伦理，针对未成年人作证的保护机制存在疏漏。新修订的《刑事诉讼法》在一定范围内承认了亲属间的作证特免权，完善了法定代理人到场制度。考虑到证人人权保护、未成年人的健康成长与社会和谐，今后立法上有必要进一步扩大亲属作证特免权的范围，借鉴合适成年人参与制度，完善未成年人作证的保护。     

From Angela Davis to the Long Island Lolita: An Analysis of Contemporary Women's Prison Narratives

No abstract available for this article.     

Why a jail or prison sentence is increasingly like a death sentence

Because of current conditions inside American jails and prisons, a sentence to a correctional facility routinely compromises the health, safety, and life of inmates. Four environmental factors can make a jail and prison sentence appear like a death sentence: poor health care, unsanitary living conditions, high levels of violence, and an increased number of people with chronic diseases living in close proximity. Thus, a de facto death penalty, the most controversial sanction of the criminal justice system, is the result for some inmates, and a misapplication of the criminal law is thus achieved. In order to present this argument, the author reviews research which increases the likelihood that a person will die behind bars.     

Prison sentences: last resort or the default sanction?

ABSTRACT

This paper discusses the sentencing purposes for penal penalties, judges’ perceptions of sentencing purposes and prison sentences, and the effects of penal sanctions. We examine judges’ positions towards different penalties, with a focus on imprisonment, since their views on the different penalties are related to their sentencing decision-making. Understanding these views is then critical for several practical and political purposes, including bridging the gap between academic discourse and legal practice. We accessed judges’ views on penal sanctions through a questionnaire and an interview. Our sample is compounded by the judges of the criminal courts from the three major cities in Portugal. Despite the most recent criminological empirical knowledge, judges valued imprisonment as the most adequate sentence, both for different crimes and for different judicial purposes. This result is not consistent with viewing imprisonment as a ‘last resort’ solution. Indeed, we did not find this ‘last resort’ position in our data, and it is not apparent in the judicial statistics on imprisonment rates. Our data highlight the importance of increasing judges’ training on criminological and sociological issues as well as the importance of changing the influence of their personal beliefs regarding penal sanctions into research-based positions.     

The failure of british obscenity law in the regulation of pornography

Abstract

Summary: In this paper the author addresses the problem of pornography with particular reference to legal regulation in England and Wales against the wider context of the lack of adequate control of pornography world-wide. This is explored first by an examination of the nature and increasing availability of pornography. Second, is provided a consideration of the competing philosophical and ideological arguments for and against its regulation. Third, is provided a statement of the current legal regulatory mechanisms of control germane to the global dissemination of pornography. Finally, the application and effectiveness of obscenity law in England and Wales is considered.     

A comparative analysis of infractions in Texas alcohol establishments and adult entertainment clubs

A crucial yet disputed element in the attempt to regulate sexually oriented businesses has been the negative secondary effects these firms have on nearby businesses and residential communities. This paper addresses a new dimension of the negative effects from such businesses by examining data on administrative and criminal infractions inside a large number of sexually oriented businesses and a comparable group of alcohol establishments. We compare administrative and criminal violations data from the Texas Alcohol Beverage Commission for all adult entertainment clubs (AECs) serving alcohol against a randomly selected sample of bars in the State of Texas. We find that there are important differences between the clubs and bars in 10 of the 23 t-test comparisons. What is more, even though alcohol-related infractions are the most common type of infraction for both AECs and for bars, the number of sex- and drug-related offenses was consistently more prevalent for sexually oriented businesses than for bars. In contrast, the bars have much higher numbers of criminal violations, primarily because of the higher incidence of infractions involving minors. This paper contributes to the literature on negative primary and secondary effects of sexually oriented businesses.