对当前全国监狱信息化建设的思考与对策探究

最近召开的全国监狱信息化建设工作会议对实现监狱信息化提出了更高的要求,许多监狱已经为此作出了相当的努力并取得了一定的成绩。当前,全国监狱信息化建设受到监狱经济、监狱人民警察、领导以及制度等方面因素的影响,为此必须从发展监狱经济、提高监狱人民警察素质、转变领导观念和完善信息管理制度等方面着手,进一步推进监狱信息化建设的进程。     

What is “prison culture”? Developing a theoretical and methodological foundation for understanding cultural schema in prison

What does it mean to say that a prison has a “culture?” Scholars have long emphasized the presence of a “prison code” and, more recently, a “racial code” as salient cultural domains in men's prisons. Yet, even though most people intuitively understand what is meant by “prison culture,” little progress has been made regarding the conceptualization and operationalization of culture as an analytical construct in prison scholarship. The current study makes two primary contributions to this literature. First, drawing on advances in anthropology, cultural sociology, and cognitive science, we incorporate the concept of cultural schema to provide a concrete analytical construct. Second, we test varying conceptualizations of cultural schema as either characterized by consensus or as overlapping relational structures. Using cultural consensus and correlational class analyses among a sample of 266 incarcerated men, we find little evidence of a culture of consensus for either the prison code or the racial code. Furthermore, we show evidence of heterogenous schema among these cultural domains. Our study is relevant to wider disciplinary work on culture as the problem of analytical precision we address is characteristic of much of the work in criminology and criminal justice that evokes culture as an explanatory device.     

Addressing the Victim–Offender Overlap: Advancing Evidence-Based Research to Better Service Criminally Involved People with Victimization Histories

ABSTRACT

We studied a representative sample of male and female inmates (N = 266) in two prisons (remand and sentenced) in Western Canada. Our research asks: what are the self-reported victimization histories of currently incarcerated men and women prior to first charge (i.e., before becoming known offenders) and during their life-course? As a second objective, we discuss how we sought to mobilize our findings to change relevant policy and police practice. We found that the overwhelming majority of our female participants had experienced violent, sexual, or property victimization throughout their life course; the majority had experienced victimization prior to first charge. Based on our findings, the local police service introduced victim services for the incarcerated population as well as made changes to their recruit training program to make new police officers aware of the victim–offender overlap and its effects. If replicated, the introduction of victim services for inmates in other jurisdictions and the education of police officers on the victim–offender overlap would emphasize the humanitarian recognition of supporting victims who need help, while also having a series of subsidiary benefits with respect to re-offending, resiliency, and police legitimacy.     

成人远程英语教育中教师的职能与定位

随着我国成人教育的发展和科技水平的不断提高，现代成人远程教育得到了很大的发展，传统的教学模式，教学手段和教师的角色定位也随之发生了相应的变化，从以教师讲授为主转变为以学生为学习主体和中心。成人远程英语教育交互性的新特点和新模式，使远程英语教育中的教师产生新的职能与定位。     

‘Their life in your hands’: the experiences of prison-based psychologists conducting risk assessments with indeterminate sentenced prisoners in the United Kingdom

ABSTRACT

Assessing prisoners’ risk of recidivism and making risk-management recommendations is central to the work of prison-based psychologists. Risk assessment is particularly crucial when it involves indeterminate sentenced prisoners: psychologists’ recommendations have potentially significant consequences both for prisoners and the public. However, little is known about psychologists’ experiences of conducting such high stakes risk assessments. This paper reports the results of an exploration of psychologists’ experiences, via interviews and discussions with qualified, prison-based psychologists. Analysis using Grounded Theory methods identified one super-ordinate category of meaning, namely The Challenging Context of Risk Assessment, which comprised two sub-categories: (1) pressure of limited resources and (2) pressure of the environment. An additional major category, Risk Assessment as a Weighty Task, comprised three sub-categories: psychologists described (1) a weight of responsibility relating to the magnitude and range of their responsibilities; (2) a weight of expectation from colleagues to provide solutions, and (3) the trainee dilemma associated with the need to balance development of trainee psychologists’ competence in risk assessment with being held accountable for their work. Understanding qualified psychologists’ experiences of undertaking risk assessments with indeterminate sentenced prisoners can facilitate improvements and build on areas of existing good practice.     

成人高校学报稿源紧缺的原因和对策

本文分析成人高校学报高质量稿源紧缺的原因 ,并提出相应的对策     

工伤致残人员社会保障存在的问题及对策

我国工伤致残人员社会保障存在的主要问题是 :工伤认定和伤残等级评定不够规范、工伤保险的覆盖面低、工伤人员的医疗康复问题未得到重视、工伤人员回家后的护理待遇偏低、工伤致残人员之间的待遇差别较大以及他们继续就业面临许多困难等。解决的办法是 :完善工伤保险法律体系 ,实行工伤保险工作的社会化 ,强化宣传教育 ,提高参保意识 ,扩大工伤保险的征缴范围 ,调整工伤致残人员的保险待遇的支付范围和标准 ,重视工伤致残人员的医疗康复、职业康复和就业等工作。     

人力资源管理创新是成人高教发展的关键

当前 ,我国成人高等教育正面对多种全新的挑战 ,逐步向终身教育制度转变。在这一转变过程中把握成人高校人力资源的特点 ,实施相适应的管理策略 ,促进人力资源管理不断创新 ,是成人高教发展的关键