日汉外来语历史发展及介入方式比较研究

外来语是不同语言文化接触的必然产物,也是不同民族间交流来往的见证.日汉两民族在与外族交往的过程中,或直接借词或通过译词的方式接收外来词,逐渐形成了现在的词汇体系.文章对日汉外来语的历史发展和吸收方式进行对比分析和研究,找出二者之间存在的异同,为日汉外来语的研究提供参考.     

The Dual Use of an Historical Event: ‘Rwanda 1994’, the Justification and Critique of Liberal Interventionism

This essay places the 1994 genocide in Rwanda in the context of the academic and political rise of liberal interventionism since 1990. It argues that this historical event is important for the debate about ‘humanitarian interventions’ in two different ways: on the one hand, as a signifier, ‘Rwanda 1994’ has been used (or, for that matter, misused) in order to justify an almost unlimited international agenda of liberal interventionism and social engineering; on the other, the genocide that could arguably have been prevented represents the exceptional case where military intervention can indeed be justified—but precisely because it is not in need of a specifically liberal justification. What would have made a military-based prevention of genocide justifiable in this particular case is precisely the aim to prevent something that is universally agreed to be unacceptable (genocide). The liberal twist in the justification narrative, in contrast, tends to emphasize the difference between the (liberal) ‘us’ and the non-liberal ‘them’, consequently claiming the legitimate right for the ‘us’ to decide about the use of force exclusively, that is, without the ‘them’. The continuation of the narrative into answering the post-intervention question ‘what now?’ then leads consequently into the necessity of imposing one's own system of rule as a general norm without due attention to the specifics of the situation ‘on the ground’. The exceptional features of ‘Rwanda 1994’ (the empirical event) thus point in a critical way to all those cases where ‘Rwanda 1994’ (the signifier) has been used to make the case for an ever-expanding agenda of liberal (‘just’) war.     

江西农业合作化运动的回顾与反思

在全面贯彻落实党的十七届三中全会精神过程中,认真回顾与反思江西农业合作化运动,对我们今天实行农业合作化,推进农村改革有很大的启示。就江西省委对中央农业合作化道路决策的贯彻执行情况而言,江西农业合作化运动以1955年7月毛泽东严厉批判“右倾保守”思想为分界线,分为截然不同的两个阶段,呈现出从稳步推进到紧跟冒进的动态演进过程。从江西农业合作化运动的失误来看,超越当时的国情、省情,人为地加快合作化进程和拔高合作化形式必然会受到惩罚,蒙受损失。     

电信管制的司法介入研究

目前我国电信管制领域的案件少有进入司法程序的,明显存在排斥司法介入的情形,主要原因在于电信管制机构非中立的管制者有意扩大管制范围,电信代理问题广泛存在,法院有意缩小司法管辖范围等。境外电信管制领域的司法介入早己存在,借助司法介入机制是各国电信管制机构维护、保证和提升管制能力的一种趋势。今后我国关键要建立真正独立的电信管制机构,并通过电信立法明确其法律地位和职权范围,破除电信代理问题,引入司法介入机制,提高法院在电信管制中的影响力,促使电信管制机构依法行政,维护电信市场公平竞争和电信消费者的合法权益。     

银行危机处置过程中的股东权利限制研究

银行危机处置过程中股东权利限制是危机时期社会规制的需要,规制的原因包括维护金融稳定、预防系统性风险的发生、维护存款者的市场信心和预防股东道德风险发生。但股东权利保护是现代企业制度的核心内容,这就在限制与保护之间形成矛盾,这是银行生存的不同时期,股东行使权利正当性基础的差别造成的。因此,分析银行运行不同时期股东权行使的正当性基础,是论证银行危机处置期股东权利限制必要性的基础,同时,股东权利的限制必然影响到公司治理中利益相关主体间的权利结构平衡,故从法律规制和银行公司治理结构调整两个方面对矛盾的协调提出完善的建议。     

A mission-driven research program on solar geoengineering could promote justice and legitimacy

ABSTRACT

Over the past decade or so, several commentators have called for mission-driven research programs on solar geoengineering, also known as solar radiation management (SRM) or climate engineering. Building on the largely epistemic reasons offered by earlier commentators, this paper argues that a well-designed mission-driven research program that aims to evaluate solar geoengineering could promote justice and legitimacy, among other valuable ends. Specifically, an international, mission-driven research program that aims to produce knowledge to enable well-informed decision-making about solar geoengineering could (1) provide a more effective way to identify and answer the questions that policymakers would need to answer; and (2) provide a venue for more efficient, effective, just, and legitimate governance of solar geoengineering research; while (3) reducing the tendency for solar geoengineering research to exacerbate international domination. Thus, despite some risks and limitations, a well-designed mission-driven research program offers one way to improve the governance of solar geoengineering research relative to the ‘investigator-driven’ status quo.     

保持党的先进性 增强党的活力

党的先进性关系党的兴衰成败;党的先进性实质是为解放和发展生产力开辟道路;党的先进性的实现途径;着重从思想上建党;吸收新的社会阶层中的优秀分子入党。     

"三个代表":历史唯物主义的与时俱进

“三个代表”重要思想的哲学基础是历史唯物主义,是当代中国共产党人对历史唯物主义的创造性运用和发展。生产力是社会发展最终决定力量,代表先进生产力,是“三个代表”的基础条件、根本力量。发展生产力是“社会主义根本任务”。社会发展是全面的,在注重物质文明建设、坚持生产力标准的同时,也要注重精神文明建设。中国特色的社会主义,需要先进的生产力,也需要先进的文化。人民群众既是先进生产力和先进文化的创造者,又是其享有者。实现最广大人民群众根本利益是发展先进生产力和先进文化的目的和归宿。“三个代表”是一个统一整体,相互联系、相互促进。“三个代表”是历史唯物主义的与时俱进。     

构建经济法视野中的合同制度

从罗马市民社会到现代经济领域,经济发展的事实充分证明,人类经济活动大都与合同紧密相联,而且随社会的进步合同关系日愈复杂。我国现行合同法虽然较好地规范了商品流通中的合同关系,但受传统和时代的局限,许多新的合同关系在合同制度的视野中找不到完整答案。为进一步规范合同法体系,解决实践中存在的问题,本文分析了中外合同制度的时代特色和存在的问题,主张经济法视野中构建市场经济环境下的新型合同制度,并提出几点设想,以期完善我国的合同制度。     

论党内民主对保持党的先进性的作用

党内民主是党的生命,关系到党的先进性。本文从民主的整合功能、自新功能、监督功能、优化功能和扩散功能出发,系统分析了党内民主对保持党的先进性的积极作用,认为党内民主为保持党的先进性提供了前提条件、力量之源、健康保障、具体路径和战略资源。