我的中国美学史理念

传统修史惯制缺乏对古代美学史内在发展理路应有的关注,导致美学史史脉研究宏观上难以开展,微观上欠缺深度.中国的美学从起源上看是哲学美学,具有审美优先的特点.自然主义和人格主义是古代美学的两大品格,它们是内在统一的.在中国古代美学史上,庄子美学和从玄到禅是两次大突破,先秦、魏晋和明清之际又发生了三次大综合.合理地确定基础文本对修撰美学史十分重要,因为基础文本中蕴藏着核心问题.以研究中国人的感情经验为内容、以严密的思辩为特征、以适当理论为指导,所形成的美学史,才是扎实的.     

中国美学"内省"审美意识的文化阐释

中国美学"内省"审美意识的生成,直接受到了以儒家思想为主导的中国文化观念和文化精神的影响与制约。直观性、理性、意境,是中国美学"内省"审美意识表现出来的三大文化审美要素。中国美学"内省"审美意识所蕴聚的文化美感有机地渗透在中国美学的艺术创造和审美之中,不仅更进一步增强了中国美学的文化审美感染力,而且也形成了中国美学宏观认识与整体把握相结合、精致构造与抒情表现相结合、伦理修养与道德实践相结合、超越现实与主体自由相结合的文化审美特征。     

Negotiating hybridity: Native women's performance as cultural persistence

New Delhi-based performer, Maya Krishna Rao’s experimental performances incorporate a variety of forms including kathakali, cabaret, comedy, drag, live music, and video, and draw attention to the performative, political, and ethical potential of gesture. This article traces Rao’s practice as a minor inhabitation of kathakali and everyday gesture. Following performance theorist Erin Manning (2016), I understand the “minor” to be a force that scrambles normative hierarchies of value and organization from within the intervals of the “major.” Rao’s minor practice retools the four-hundred-year-old dance-drama form to produce new sensory-kinesthetic knowledge of quotidian regimes. In works such as The Non-Stop Feel-Good Show, Khol Do, and A Deep Fried Jam, Rao straddles kathakali’s mythical economy, conventions, and physicality alongside snippets from contemporary news media, ideologically inflected historical narratives, and socially normative dress and behavior codes, to reveal the extraordinary with/in the everyday, such that we might inhabit the present differently. In distorting, combining, disarticulating, and deterritorializing kathakali’s gestural and expressive vocabulary, Rao invites audiences to partake and follow her into a gestural regime that lies alongside the known. By focusing on the possibilities for affective realignment and queering in a minor register, her experimental and hybrid kathakali-influenced performances impress upon discourses and practices of neoliberal urbanism, national memory, and gender and sexuality in New Delhi today.     

Mythical enjambment in The Hungry Woman: nation,desire, and Cherríe Moraga’s utopic turn

In her play The Hungry Woman: A Mexican Medea (2001), Cherríe Moraga makes use of a technique I call “mythical enjambment”: the insertion of a myth, story, or cultural context into another where it “doesn’t belong,” a willful act of making the unexpected out of the expected. Moraga utilizes mythical enjambment to illuminate how mythologies become entrenched and perpetuate harmful ideologies. Interrupting the traditional aesthetics of Western theater by drawing attention to the ways queer women of color are erased from the narrative, Moraga also challenges the absence of queer women of color from the Chicano movement by embedding her play within some of the most dearly held myths of Chicana/o culture. Ultimately, the use of mythical enjambment gestures toward the utopic and revolutionary potential of theater. The Hungry Woman shatters myths on multiple, intersectional levels: from the critical gaze of interpretive authority to the myths that cohere Chicana/o identity along masculinist and heterosexist lines.     

Miss Reading

Against the backdrop of western culture's strong investment in gendered clothes, Stockton looks at clothing's intricate relations to shame and, for some queer women and men, the surprising value of these humiliations, especially in the service of sexual attraction. The word 'martyrdom', with its associations to bodily wounding and psychic pain, is not too strong for the acts of clothing and sartorial preference she discusses. Working through concepts that emerge from Sigmund Freud on femininity, Georges Bataille on sacrifice and Leo Bersani on debasement, along with debates among feminist thinkers about the New Woman, Stockton takes up 'martyrs' from three distinct histories, martyrs as diverse as the mannish lesbian of Great Britain's 1920s, American butches and femmes of the 1960s, and even the sailors of post-war France. How public self-betrayal and self-debasement in terms of clothes can offer creative social formations is the focus of this article. The highly famous novels of three queer authors provide the means for this surprising look: Radclyffe Hall's The Well of Loneliness, Leslie Feinberg's Stone Butch Blues and Jean Genet's Querelle.     

童年的记忆 生命的家园——沈从文散文的美学探析

在现代文学史上,沈从文以反映湘西苗族儿女生活为题材创作的一系列小说、散文,奠定了他在文坛的重要地位。而沈从文散文最显著的特征是具有朴素的纪实美、浓烈的人性美、人与自然的和谐美、苍凉凝重的悲剧美、神圣执着的生命美。     

Wang Xinggong’s Aesthetics——A Science Orienting at Art Research

Asa pioneer, Wang Xionggong stands out among modern Chinese aesthetics schools, due to his adherence to science-dominated aesthetics, in contrast with Liang Qichao, Cai Yuanpei and Wang Guowei who are devoted to humanistic aesthetics, and Zhu Guangqian and Zong Baihua who combine humanism and science. Regrettably, researches into Wang’s aesthetic theory are far from deep. Wang advocates thataesthetics is an art-research science, and beauty is strictly defined as senses and feelings. So his aesthetics is a scientific research of aesthetic perception. By analyzing his attachment to objective materials such as masculinity, inclusiveness, expanse, multitude, mobility, orderliness and connectedness, he is proven to belong to the school of blending and balancing the objective and the subjective, accepting the ‘external objects’ as prerequisite for aesthetic materials, and insisting on the subjective processing and its results, equating art to beautyfinally. Wang’s aesthetics is confined to empiricism despite his mentioning of aesthetic perception ascending to rational realm. Thus, he is characterized by highlighting logic and science while neglecting the metaphysics within spiritual science.     

美学研究的误区

考察中国现代美学研究历程,可以看出,中国美学研究存在三大误区:一是盲目崇拜西方,漠视民族传统;二是理论脱离实际,教条主义严重;三是研究范围狭窄。中国美学要实现理论创新,研究工作必须跳出误区,始终坚持以马克思主义为指导,坚持"古为今用,洋为中用"的基本方针,并善于运用当代科学技术成果。     

中国20世纪二三十年代审美主义思潮论

"审美主义"是一种以审美活动取代其它生命活动的价值取向,"生命艺术化"是其思想核心,它要藉审美之途来安顿此岸的生存.从这种新的视角出发,审视中国美学20世纪二三十年代的断代史,立足于中西文化-美学比较角度,考察审美主义在中国的系统化形成,探寻审美主义在中国的接受机制、建构特质和发展理路,将会对理解整个20世纪中国美学有特殊的启示意义.     

传统美育与当代美学建设

中国古代有悠久的审美教育传统,它从礼乐文化派生而来,体现出深厚的人文精神传统.中西方美育传统之一致在于对人的综合素质之培养.如果没有人文关怀,当代美学与传统美学之间的精神纽带就会断裂.当今中国美学出现的低迷状况,主要由人文精神迷失所致,美学未能从工具论的价值观中走出来,当代美学建设应积极借鉴我国传统美育思想资源.