人为老化文件的鉴别

人为老化是伪造或变造文件的高科技手段之一。文件人为老化的机理有纸张老化机理和色料老化机理。通过紫外线照射、烘烤、溶液浸泡和揉搓沾污等手段可以人为老化文件 ,但由于所使用的手段不同而使人为老化后的文件各具相应特征。针对不同的老化特征 ,选择使用适合的鉴别方法可以确定文件制成的真实时间。     

新中国成立以来城镇化发展的历史变迁

新中国成立以来，社会主义制度下的城镇化进程经历了不平凡的发展阶段。随着城镇不断发展 和城镇化的加速推进，已使绝大多数城镇的历史遗存及其原有组织结构发生了根本性变化。中国城镇 化在形式上与一般发展中国家城镇化发展并无多大差异。然而，由于中国特殊的国情和经济社会制度 的不同，使中国城镇化又具有自己的特色，表现出明显不同的特征。     

关于现代女性参政问题的思考

２１世纪,中国加入ＷＴＯ也给现代女性参政议政带来新的机遇和挑战。面对新形势,现代女性要抢抓机遇,迎接挑战;与时俱进,解放思想;勇于探索,不断创新;发挥优势,谋求发展。为妇女事业的更大发展,为祖国的繁荣富强做出应有的贡南。     

根据肝脏死后改变推断死亡时间的研究进展

机体死后会发生一系列的改变,是腐败的过程,也是器官组织细胞自溶的过程。在司法实践中,通过研究肝脏死后改变,可以更准确的推断死亡时间,为案件的侦破提供线索。本文综述了近几十年来,利用肝脏死后变化推断死亡时间的研究进展。     

兔死后肝细胞自溶的超微结构观察

用透射电镜观察兔死后肝细胞的超微结构变化,发现：在0．5h即有轻微的自溶改变,表现为细胞核中异染色质异常凝集和滑面内质同扩张;在1h自溶变化已趋明显,且随死后时间延长,在2h、3h、4h、5h该变化越来越广泛而显著,可见线粒体肿胀,嵴断裂、消失,基质内絮状致密体（Flocculentdensehadies,FDB）形成,粗面内质网及核周池扩张等改变。肝细胞自溶的超微结构变化与死后时间相关,这对推断早期死亡时间有应用价值。     

X‐ray Scattering Evaluation of Ultrastructural Changes in Human Dental Tissues with Thermal Treatment

Micro‐ and ultrastructural analysis of burned skeletal remains is crucial for obtaining a reliable estimation of cremation temperature. Earlier studies mainly focused on heat‐induced changes in bone tissue, while this study extends this research to human dental tissues using a novel quantitative analytical approach. Twelve tooth sections were burned at 400–900°C (30‐min exposure, increments of 100°C). Subsequent combined small‐ and wide‐angle X‐ray scattering (SAXS/WAXS) experiments were performed at the Diamond Light Source synchrotron facility, where 28 scattering patterns were collected within each tooth section. In comparison with the control sample, an increase in mean crystal thickness was found in burned dentine (2.8‐fold) and enamel (1.4‐fold), however at a smaller rate than reported earlier for bone tissue (5–10.7‐fold). The results provide a structural reference for traditional X‐ray scattering methods and emphasize the need to investigate bone and dental tissues separately to obtain a reliable estimation of cremation temperature.     

The promises and perils of subsidiarity in global governance: evidence from Africa

In the messy world of global governance, the principle of subsidiarity has the potential to order relations between different layers of governance as well as compensate for the legitimacy deficit of global governance institutions. However, subsidiarity has received surprisingly little scholarly attention in the discipline of International Relations. This article therefore seeks to examine the promises and perils of subsidiarity in global governance by adducing empirical evidence from Africa, a region which has authored norms and policies that often contest global norms and institutions. Based on two case studies of pro-democratic intervention in The Gambia and court proliferation at the (sub-)regional levels, the article concludes that while subsidiarity may strengthen democracy and the rule of law at the national level, it may also undermine the rule of law at the global level, as well as dilute fundamental global norms that serve to protect basic human rights. At the same time, subsidiarity provides opportunities for normative innovation, which suggests that more attention needs to be paid to the law-generating effects of subsidiarity and to the Global South as an agent of change in international law and global governance.     

制造业同构现象与收入变动的国际比较研究——基于中国长三角地区与日本东海地区的比较

运用产业同构系数、人均GDP、人均工资等指标,比较研究了20年来中国沪苏浙地区和日本东海地区产业分工与收入差距的现状和特征,研究结果显示：产业同构系数与收入差距变化间的关系并不确定。调节产业同构现象的措施对于缩小收入差距未必有确定的、显著的作用,解决收入差距应主要运用收入分配政策。     

碑刻文献所见之日本在台殖民统治与社会变迁

碑刻文献表明,日据时期台湾开始步入殖民地化的进程,殖民统治不可避免地给台湾社会留下了或多或少的日本印记。然而透过分析可以发现,殖民者带来的变化是有限的,台湾庶民社会的深层依然激荡着中华文化的潜流,50年的殖民统治并未使台湾人与在台日本人于精神文化层面达到交融,他们依然是两个世界的人。     

The estimation of the time of death by non-protein nitrogen (NPN) in cadaveric materials. Report 3: Multiple regression analysis of NPN values in human cadaveric materials

The non-protein nitrogen (NPN) values in brain, lung, liver, and kidney in 79 autopsy cases were determined according to the Micro-Kjeldahl Nessler method. Multiple regression analysis of the data was performed with every possible combination of the time of death and the NPN values in the tissues.The brain NPN showed the best correlation with the postmortem time (r = 0.673), whereas the other correlations were less satisfactory (lung r = 0.422, liver r = 0.397, and kidney r = 0.379, respectively). However, multiple combinations of each tissue NPN value proved to give better correlation coefficients and smaller errors of the estimated time of death.The practical significance of the tissue NPN as a postmortem biochemical indicator of the time of death and the multiple regression analysis of such indicators were extensively discussed in this report.