New Public Management and Administrative Reforms in Nigeria

This study examines the Nigerian attempts to implement the New Public Management (NPM) reform. The paper aims at identifying the strand, the extent of progress made and the reason(s) for success/failure recorded. The author finds that the poor success story of the reform is as a result of the preference of the more attractive cost-saving neoliberal economic aspect to the more involving and demanding bureaucratic aspect, the inconsistencies in program implementation, and lack of strong political will common to adopting reform in developing countries. The article recommends that reforms require dealing with the critical challenges of institutionalization, inconsistency and legitimization.     

Public Administration Reform and Its Implications for Foreign Petroleum Companies in Kazakhstan

Since 2000, Kazakhstan has followed the New Public Management reform trajectory in modernizing its public sector and public service delivery. This article employs an actor-centered perspective to examine the effects of the public administration reform and its implications for foreign petroleum companies in Kazakhstan. The study builds on primary sources in the form of 81 semi-structured interviews with public servants, representatives of foreign petroleum companies and experts. The main conclusion is that the reform effects are ambiguous. Despite some success in greater efficiency of public services, many weaknesses remain, with highly varying implications for foreign petroleum companies.     

Rural unions and the struggle for land in Brazil

Studies of Brazil's agricultural labor movement have generally neglected its relationship to the struggle for land, but this is neither fair nor accurate. Analyzing the rural labor movement's historical contributions to the land struggle in Brazil, this contribution has been organized into three main periods, emphasizing social relations, institutional activism and policy changes. It argues that despite the peculiarities of different historical contexts, rural labor consistently provoked protest against policies that privileged large landholders, whose concentration of power over land and labor resources continually worsened Brazil's ranking as one of the most unequal of nations. For more than half a century, the most constant opponent of this situation among the peasantry has been the National Confederation of Workers in Agriculture (CONTAG), a corporatist organization of rural labor unions founded in 1963.     

公安院校实践教学改革若干问题思考

实践教学是公安教育的一个主要教学环节,对于提高学生的综合素质,培养学生的创新精神和实践能力有着不可替代的作用,本文就将实践教学的现状及存在的问题进行分析,并提出了相关改革措施。     

遏制和预防公务员腐败的经济学分析

公务员腐败的一个重要原因是我国目前的制度安排尚有缺陷,导致腐败成为“高收益低风险”行为。从微观经济学理论出发,建立成本——收益模型和公务员腐败——廉洁选择的决策树模型。通过制度创新,使腐败成为被查处概率极高、政治风险极大和经济成本极巨的行为。同时,提高公务员廉洁收益。     

前科制度研究

前科消灭制度作为一项重要法律制度,为许多国家刑事法律所规定,理性审视我国刑法中的前科报告的规定,不难得出这样的结论:我国现行的前科制度与实践中呼唤的 "前科消灭"要求之间存在严重脱节,既不符合刑事政策的要求,也不能更好地预防犯罪 ,我们应在认真研究前科消灭制度的基础上,改革我国的前科制度.     

国外对巡逻方式历史性的反思及当今的改革思路

20世纪30年代以后,国外一些发达国家的警界逐渐用驾车巡逻方式代替了步行巡逻方式,因为驾车巡逻方式有着一系列的优点。但是,到了20世纪80年代,国外警界逐渐发现单一的驾车巡逻方式同步行巡逻方式比较,也存在着严重弊端——使警民关系疏远起来。英美等一些国家的警方对此进行了深刻的反思,并由此开始了巡逻方式改革的尝试。这些改革尝试多是围绕着密切警民关系这一中心展开的,富有启发意义。     

俄罗斯税制改革:直接效果、间接效果

税收制度是俄罗斯向现代市场经济制度转轨的重要组成部分,其改革进程受到国内外学者的广泛关注。尤其是1999—2002年所进行的税制改革,它已成为促进俄罗斯国内经济增长、发挥企业家活力、缩减影子经济规模、减少国内私人资本外逃的关键性因素。我们将通过"周转税"、社会税、所得税、利润税等主要税种的分析,对此次税制改革的直接效果和间接效果进行总结与反思。     

对中国企业实施"走出去"战略主要观点的评析

近年来,我国企业实施“走出去”战略具有必要性和可能性。应当加强对实施主体、实施对象以及怎样实施等相关问题在理论上进行有针对性的分析。     

比较刑事诉讼法国际研讨会综述

近年来,俄罗斯、韩国和我国台湾地区都对其刑事诉讼法进行了修改,其改革表现出几个共同特点:均以政治民主化和宪法修改为先导,均体现为职权主义向当事人主义的转型,均受到本国法律传统的影响,未能实现向对抗制的彻底转型.我国在刑事司法改革过程中遇到了一些与之相似的难题,它们的经验和教训对我国具有直接的借鉴意义.