对农业产业化制度创新问题的思考

农业产业化作为增加农民收入的有效形式 ,一直受到广泛关注。本文认为 ,农业产业化的根本问题是制度创新问题 ;积极实现创新重点由微观领域向宏观领域的转变 ,是推进农业产业化的当务之急。     

论谈判在反恐怖劫持人质行动中的价值

保证人质及其他人的生命安全是警方处置恐怖劫持人质事件追求的目的。谈判是其中一个非常重要的环节。能够尽量避免恐怖劫持事件事态的恶化和升级,最大限度地保全人质、行动警员、恐怖劫持分子以及一些无辜人的生命,亦具公众安全心理安抚效应,体现了现代生活的价值理念。对警方不得不实施的武力解救行动来说,谈判是非常重要的准备工作和寻求赢得有利战机的手段     

邓小平农业发展思想探析

改革开放后 ,邓小平把马克思主义基本原理同中国农业实际相结合 ,全方位地对农业问题进行了理论思考 ,并在实践中摸索、总结和形成了一套农业发展思想 ,其内容主要包括农业发展的战略目标、战略地位、发展起点、发展动力、发展方向、工农业关系、产业结构及价值取向等     

One Angry Man? A New Look at an Old Film

In this satire written from the perspective of the fictional defendant in the film 12 Angry Men , the arguments used by the dissenting juror to prove the possibility that the defendant is innocent are explained in ways that actually support his guilt.     

Dealmaking Disrupted: The Unexplored Power of Social Media in Negotiation

While social media has had profound effects in many realms, the theory and practice of negotiation have remained relatively untouched by this potent phenomenon. In this article, we survey existing research in this area and develop a broader framework for understanding the wider roles and effects of social media on negotiation. Through a series of detailed case studies, we explore how social media can drive important negotiations either off the rails or toward beneficial outcomes—and how savvy practitioners can harness this often‐neglected factor to their advantage, or else find themselves outmaneuvered by more digitally sophisticated parties. Applying the lens of the “3D negotiation” approach developed by Lax and Sebenius, we describe a number of potentially decisive roles that social media can play to enhance actions by negotiators “at the table,” with respect to deal design, and “away from the table.” In this 3D context, we show how social media can help negotiators learn about their counterparts (interests, perceptions, relationships, and networks), directly and indirectly influence the parties, mobilize supporters, and neutralize potential opponents. We show that being proactive—both in cultivating digital influence or allies and in building resilience to threats across online information ecosystems—can provide critical advantages for negotiators navigating a hyperconnected world. We develop a preliminary framework to help identify the full range of platforms, tools, and methodologies appropriate for the use of social media in negotiations, including network mapping software and open‐source intelligence techniques. Throughout our analysis, we stress the importance of ethical and privacy considerations.     

Technology‐Driven Alteration of Nonverbal Cues and its Effects on Negotiation

A person’s appearance, identity, and other nonverbal cues can substantially influence how one is perceived by a negotiation counterpart, potentially impacting the outcome of the negotiation. With recent advances in technology, it is now possible to alter such cues through real‐time video communication. In many cases, a person’s physical presence can explicitly be replaced by 2D/3D representations in live interactive media. In other cases, technologies such as deepfake can subtly and implicitly alter many nonverbal cues—including a person’s appearance and identity—in real time. In this article, we look at some state‐of‐the‐art technological advances that can enable such explicit and implicit alterations of nonverbal cues. We also discuss the implications of such technology for the negotiation landscape and highlight ethical considerations that warrant deep, ongoing attention from stakeholders.     

New Insights into Coalition Negotiations—The Case of German Government Formation

Research on coalition negotiations after general elections in parliamentary systems usually focuses on the parties’ utility maximization as corporate actors. However, the most recent process of government formation after the German general election in 2017 followed a different type of logic and led to an outcome unlike that of other coalition negotiations. Regarding policy seeking, office seeking, and vote seeking, the outcomes of both the exploratory talks between Christlich Demokratische Union (CDU)/Christlich-Soziale Union (CSU), Freie Demokratische Partei, and the Greens and the negotiations between CDU/CSU and Sozialdemokratische Partei Deutschlands are at least partly irrational from a cost–benefit analysis. This article examines the formation of Germany’s government in 2017–2018 and reveals the paradoxical outcomes of each phase of the negotiations. Empirical data to underpin the argument stem from interviews with negotiators and statements of direct participants in the formation of the coalition. Instead of the parties’ utility maximization, negotiations were largely dominated by intraparty conflicts, in which individual interests and personal trust rather than partisan unitary programs were most relevant to the negotiation process and outcome. Our work answers the question of why the grand coalition was unexpectedly renewed in the end—contrary to what might be predicted based on established theories of coalition building. The observations and conclusions set forth are of general interest not only for future coalition negotiations in Germany but also for other European parliamentary democracies facing increasing party fragmentation. Most importantly, the analysis yields insights into negotiations undertaken in the absence of rationalist behavior.     

试论惠农政策的执行力

提高惠农政策的执行力是贯彻落实科学发展观的需要,然而在惠农政策的落实过程中,却存在执行不力,投入资金总量不足,地方配套资金＂缺位＂等诸多问题,严重影响惠农政策的效果。为此,应加强政府自身建设,提高惠农政策的有效性,建立决策科学、执行有力的惠农政策实施机制,以增强政府的执行力,提高惠农政策的有效性。     

论日本农业女性的家庭经济地位

日本农业经营以家庭经营为基本单位。这种经营模式的一大特点就是统一核算所有收入。这种计算方式下无法确定个人对收入的贡献，也没有明确的收入分配制度，由此产生了女性劳动得不到评价的问题。在概观日本家庭农业经营特点的基础上，分析女性对日本农业的贡献，从家庭经济地位的角度阐明日本农业女性实际所处的状况和面临的问题。