New Unionism at the Grassroots: The Amalgamated Clothing Workers of America in Rochester,New York, 1914–29

Labor movements have always found it difficult to reveal and transform the social relations that constitute markets. The growing transnational movements of goods, capital, and services in themselves have therefore not triggered closer trade union cooperation across borders. Transnational collective action also requires conscious choices and a mutual understanding that solidarity across borders is warranted. For this reason, this special issue of Labor History assesses the role that politicization processes play in triggering transnational union action.     

Humanism in the autobiographies of Edward Said and Nelson Mandela: memory as action

This paper discusses the concept of memory as a form of humanist activism in the autobiographies of Nelson Mandela and Edward Said. Mandela and Said were chosen because they dedicated their lives to the cause of freedom in South Africa and Palestine. Their engagement with the political causes of their countries turned into a concern with worldwide struggles for human rights and racial equality. While Mandela emerged as a vital force against apartheid in South Africa, Said was a well-known and influential Palestinian critic and intellectual whose writings tackle the Palestinian struggle for justice within the worldwide experience of imperialism and its binary oppositions of white/black, male/female, superior/inferior. I argue that these autobiographies bear witness to the plight of Black South Africans and Palestinians as both a shared memory resistant to erasure and a call for justice. Mandela and Said used their personal memories and life stories to construct a public reading of the meanings of the events that shaped them. Here I focus on the concept of humanist and political activity in the two autobiographies.     

Governance of a public sector joint venture: the control challenges of dominated owners

Local governments increasingly choose to provide a wide range of services through cooperation with other local governments. Providing complex services through intergovernmental units creates collaboration risks and collective action dilemmas that need to be mitigated. Based on a longitudinal case study, an investigation is made into the dynamic processes in the governance of a public sector joint venture (JV) and the control challenges of dominated owners. The findings illustrate that the approach to mitigating collective action dilemmas is far less rational than that prescribed by the normative literature, resulting in control challenges at later stages in the relationship. Limitations in the assessment of collaboration risks are explained by drawing on resource dependence theory (RDT) arguments. Dynamic processes in the JV relationship create the need to adjust the governance system. However, adaptability is constrained by power asymmetry and control complexity.     

Signaling virtue: voluntary accountability programs among nonprofit organizations

This article examines the structure of nonprofit voluntary accountability and standard-setting programs, arguing that these programs can be understood as collective action institutions designed to address information asymmetries between nonprofits and their stakeholders. Club theory and the economics of certification suggest that such programs have the potential to provide a signal of quality by setting high standards and fees and rigorously verifying compliance. Such mechanisms can signal quality because higher participation costs may allow only high-quality organizations to join. The article examines the implications of signaling theory using an original dataset on the structure of 32 nonprofit accountability programs across the globe. While many programs set high standards for compliance, the key distinction between strong and weak programs is the use of disclosure or verification mechanisms to enforce compliance. Contrary to theoretical expectations, compliance standards and verification do not appear to be substitutes in creating stronger voluntary programs.

政策执行的委托代理困境及其化解思路

由于政策制定者与政策执行者的相对分开,使得政策制定权与政策执行权产生分离,导致政策执行过程中委托代理关系的形成,使政策执行极易陷入委托代理困境,从而导致政策执行失败.其主要原因是政策制定者与执行者之间存在着信息的不对称、利益的不一致和权责的不对等.通过对政策执行者的监督、激励以及对其败德行为的惩罚,可以有效地化解政策执行中的委托代理困境从而防止政策执行失败.     

民事申请再审案件受理程序规范化改造

2007年民事诉讼法修订以来,关于再审程序划分的“三阶构说”日渐占据民事诉讼学界的主导地位.应从“三阶构说”的理论基础出发,结合现有法律规定,深入研究并完善民事申请再审案件受理程序具体内容,并针对其中若干疑难问题展开讨论,提出进一步完善申请再审案件受理程序的理论方向和具体构想,力求建立起更加完善、更具有操作性的民事申请再审案件受理程序.     

“协助抓捕型”立功的司法认定——以接电话“稳住”同案犯行为为例

"协助抓捕型"立功是我国立功制度中的一种基本形式。构成立功不需要对行为人进行主观方面的认定。对于"协助抓捕型"立功中的其他协助抓捕行为,需要遵照体系解释的原则,将其他协助抓捕行为与法律明文规定的协助方式进行同类解释。抓捕的结果需要与行为人的协助行为具有刑法上的因果关系。接电话"稳住"同案犯的行为并未达到"协助抓捕型"立功所要求达到的程度与确定性,与抓捕的结果不具有刑法上的因果关系,不构成"协助抓捕型"立功。     

职务犯罪案件批捕权之现状及应对措施

职务犯罪案件批捕权由上一级检察机关决定,对加强办理职务犯罪案件的监督制约,确保检察权特别是职务犯罪侦查权的依法正确行使,提高职务犯罪案件办案质量具有积极作用。但也存在一些问题,应对的措施主要是：调整自侦部门侦查办案模式;建立自侦案件的报捕证据标准并探索确立职务犯罪案件附条件逮捕制度;规范自侦部门与侦监部门的配合联动机制。     

第三人诉讼形态中的诉讼费用分配问题初探

于2007年4月1日开始实施的《诉讼费用交纳办法》对司法系统与民间社会均产生了深刻影响。但是，需要指出的是，我国现阶段的诉讼费用制度还不够完善，关于参加之诉的第三人与本诉当事人之间就如何分配诉讼费用的问题面临“无章可循”的司法适用障碍。本文通过对诉讼费用的法经济学思考以及第三人诉讼制度法理的综合考量，对完善我国第三人诉讼形态下的诉讼费用分配制度提出可行性建议。     

紧急避险制度初探

紧急避险是我国刑法理论上的＂正当化事由＂,其鲜明特点是法益与法益之间的正当冲突。文章通过对紧急避险的理论现状分析,讨论紧急避险的限制条件,得出对正当防卫不能实行紧急避险的结论。