论作品的原创性

原创性是作品可版权性的核心要件,其最基本的涵义就是作品来源于作者,而不是抄袭他人作品的结果;原创性并不包含艺术价值和新颖性的要求;个性的存在是原创性的直接证据;在特定作品中,版权法的原创性要求可能与这些作品将要实现的社会价值相冲突,版权法需要作出适当平衡;创作意图的存在与否不应当成为原创性的要件;额头出汗原则不应当成为现代作品获得可版权性的基础;原创性是否包含创造性应当视作品类型的不同而作不同处理。应当将作者导向型分析与作品导向型分析,特征导向型分析与目的导向型分析,定性研究与定量研究结合起来对作品是否具有原创性作出适当的界定。主观性的表达可能受版权法保护,但客观性的事实却不具有可版权性。     

Observer reactions to emotional victims of serious crimes: stereotypes and expectancy violations

Negative observer reactions towards victims may be related to people’s expectations of the characteristics and demeanor of an ideal victim. We examined how expressed emotion, victim sex, and type of victimization influence observers’ perceptions of victim credibility, victim character, and harm. Our hypothesis was that angry victims, male victims, and victims of sexual violence are perceived less positively than sad victims, female victims, and victims of physical violence. Additionally, we anticipated that expectancy violations following expressed agentic/high status, or passive/low-status emotions of the victim would lead to negative reactions. Participants (N?=?335) read a written victim impact statement, by a male or female victim of a sexual or physical assault, in which anger or sadness was expressed. The results show that observers generally respond more negatively to male victims than to female victims, and to victims expressing anger rather than sadness. However, a two-way interaction between expressed emotion and type of crime revealed that expressed emotion only significantly influences character derogation and victim credibility in cases of physical violence. Finally, emotion expectancy violations based on ex-ante expectations lead to derogation and diminished credibility. The discussion focuses on how emotion expectancy violations seem intimately tied to stereotype-ridden features of victimization.     

艺术自律终结的美学契机与生活美学的敞亮

艺术自律和审美现代性从争取自身存在的合法性地位开始,最终使得主体以感性的能力通达生存的价值追求和意义体验,但是伴随着整个社会思想文化的发展,艺术自律最终也面临着内部和外部的双重危机.现代派艺术自身的危机和后现代文化语境促使了后现代艺术的出现与转型,波普艺术、观念艺术、装置艺术、大地艺术、行为艺术等则是将艺术的反叛性、生活性和观念性发挥至极致,并且在美学领域与生活相结合,适应了后现代的文化景观,其建构起的主体化自由审美体验也给复杂的中国艺术和美学理论注入了强大的活力,并且以全球化普世性的维度影响了中国本土的言说方式,同时也给真诚生活的人们以建构历史的自由.     

现代艺术墓碑设计漫谈

随着我国社会的高速发展,人们的物质生活与文化需求普遍提高,陵园墓地也在发生着重大变革——现代艺术墓碑在全国迅速发展,个性化、艺术化的墓碑将成为丧户的最佳选择。文章从历史传承、发展前景、个性特征三部分进行了阐述,并与读者交流。     

试谈外语教学中非智力因素的发掘与培养

一个人的智力因素在学习研究过程中起着相当重要的作用,然而一个人的非智力因素调动得好了也能促进其学习的进一步提高。本文就如何培养非智力因素促进英语课堂教学质量的提高或改善进行了探讨。     

Relationship of Inclusive Leadership,Positive Emotion and Employees’ Performance

Inclusive leadership is confirmed to have a positive impact on the organization, employees’ task performance and innovation performance. However, it is very rare to discuss the two transmission mechanisms from the perspective of positive emotions. Based on organizational support theory, with questionnaire survey, through analyzing 255 sets paired data of leadership and staff and from the perspective of positive emotions, this study explores the impact mechanism of inclusive leadership on employees’ job performance. The results show: 1. Inclusive leadership has a positive impact on employees’ innovation performance and task performance; 2. Inclusive leadership has a positive impact on employees positive emotions; 3. Positive emotions have a positive impact on innovation performance and task performance; 4. Positive emotions play a partial mediating role between inclusive leadership, staff innovation performance and task performance.     

放翁原具自家真--浅谈陆游词的内容特色

陆游"六十年间万首诗",而词的数量却很少,今仅存144首.在这些为数不多的词作中,篇篇发自肺腑,首首凝聚衷情:直抒爱国情怀、修仙学道、艳情婚姻,表现隐逸情趣,表达生活感受等内容,应有尽有,可谓思想丰富,题材广泛,情真意切,感人至深.     

The emotions of justice

This essay attempts to defend the centrality of emotions in our sense of justice and the importance of empirical research into the emotions in the development of philosophical theories of justice. It includes a defense of the negative emotions as well as a preliminary taxonomy of the emotions involved in justice.     

心理学视野中的人力资源开发

本文从心理学的角度探讨了人力资源开发的问题，认为，人的能力是一种重要的开发对象，情绪既是开发的对象又是开发的手段、自我概念的成长则是开发的目标和最高境界，它是个体保持持久的上进心的内在动力，要发挥人力资源效率，应将人力资源开发的各个环节与能力挂钩，科学地设置能力与责任利的关系，激发人的潜能，改善人的情绪智力，促进人的自我成长。