Blame attribution regarding index offence on admission to secure hospital services

Abstract

Assessment by psychologists is part of the routine multi-disciplinary admission process to secure facilities for those with a diagnosis of severe mental illness and an offending history. Non-engagement with the assessment process is a common clinical phenomenon. Using a survey design, we report on the administration of the Gudjonsson Blame Attribution Inventory, (a questionnaire which elicits causal attributions about offending), where possible, to a cohort of consecutive admissions to a medium secure unit, and a maximum security hospital. Reasons for non-compliance with the assessment process are examined. The responses of those who completed a series of questionnaires are compared using unit, sex, ethnicity, diagnosis and index offence as group variables. With regard to attribution of blame for index offence, contrary to prediction, those with a history of psychosis, rather than personality disorder, obtained higher external attribution scores. The implications of these findings for the assessment of blame and guilt feelings during the early stages of admission to a secure mental health service, and possible treatment implications, are considered.     

我国不动产善意取得制度的不足与完善

我国采纳不动产善意取得制度具有一定优势,司法实践中呈现不足需要完善：不动产善意取得制度的客体要件应限制为已登记的不动产、＂真正权利人之可归责性＂非不动产善意取得制度构成要件、不动产善意取得制度与二重买卖关系以及不动产善意取得与合同法第51条的协调。     

浅议试药导致损害的侵权责任

《药品临床试验质量管理规范》规定了我国药物临床试验的主要制度,但对试药导致损害的救济立法上不甚明确。建议通过侵权责任的方式对受试者的损害进行救济。试药人身损害的责任可适用过错推定责任原则,其构成要件应由损害后果、加害行为、因果关系、过错四部分组成。     

可归责性与信赖合理性的比较权衡——弹性化机制的应用

遵从或否定权利表象规则的界限定位在可归责性与信赖合理性的比较权衡,其实是进行过失程度的比较,在真实权利人与第三人之间做出选择,其结论必然是弹性化处理,一方面体现在生活事实的法律判断本身具有适度的弹性,另一方面归责性与信赖合理性之间存在相互影响而需要通过一定的技术手段进行调和。     

论拾得遗失物

文章通过分析我国《民法通则》和《物权法》中拾得遗失物制度的相关规定,对该制度中的拾得物归属、报酬请求权、费用偿还请求权等问题进行了探究和评析,指出了几点《物权法》对该制度的完善,并提出了自己对拾得物遗失制度的几点立法建议。     

The Self-Relevant Implications of Distribution Rules: When Self-Esteem and Acceptance Are Influenced by Violations of the Equity Rule

Based on the assumption that distribution rules may have similarities to procedures, the present research examined the extent to which a violation of the equity rule can influence feelings of self-esteem and acceptance as a function of people's social value orientation (i.e., prosocial vs. proself orientation) and attributional explanation (internal vs. external). In a scenario study, participants imagined that they received a similar financial reward as their task partner, but this partner, however, put less effort into the task (i.e., violation of the equity rule). Results showed that this unfair outcome negatively influenced people's feelings of self-esteem and acceptance, but only among those with a proself orientation and when an internal explanation was given for differences in input.     

道路交通事故责任认定可诉性之探讨

公安机关对道路交通事故责任认定是否具有可诉性,即是否属于人民法院行政诉讼的受案范围,一直以来存在较大争议。本文从行政法的基本理论、法律依据、司法判例方面,对道路交通事故责任认定的可诉性进行探讨。     

Social explanations for job insecurity: Group influences on causal attributions

Job insecurity—a concern about the future existence of the job—is one of those unexpected events which lead to a search for causal explanations. This paper pays attention to the social nature of these attributions. The social character of the causal attribution process investigated here appears from the kind of attributions that employees make and the degree in which causal attributions are influenced by social ideas shared by colleagues and other groups. We research these social explanations for job insecurity on the basis of the results of a survey of job insecurity and causal attributions among 311 employees in the Netherlands.     

论环境权的人权属性

对于环境权的属性问题一直是法学界争论的一个焦点 ,可谓众说纷纭 ,莫衷一是。从权利本原的角度入手 ,阐述目前我国研究权利特别是环境权的范式存在的误区 ,提出应从唯物主义的立场揭示环境权的自然权利属性。同时 ,对人权的历史发展中概念、性质、主体和内容的变化进行剖析 ,推断出环境权符合人权的构成要件 ,在精神实质与价值内涵上与人权存在固有的联系 ,是一项人类社会生存与发展不可或缺的基本人权。     

Prospective lawyers’ rape stereotypes and schematic decision making about rape cases

Abstract

Two studies explored stereotypic information processing in rape cases by prospective lawyers in Germany. In Study 1, 451 undergraduate law students rated rape scenarios varying with respect to defendant–complainant relationship and coercive strategy (force versus exploitation of the complainant's alcohol-induced defencelessness). Acceptance of rape myths was also measured. Likelihood of defendant liability was rated to be lower when there was a prior relationship between the parties and when the defendant exploited the complainant's defencelessness as compared to when he used force (except in the ex-partner rapes where blame was higher in the alcohol-related than in the force-related cases). Complainant blame was higher when there was a prior relationship between the parties and was higher in the alcohol-related cases than in the force-related cases, except in the ex-partner rape where the pattern was reversed. Participants with high rape myth acceptance held the defendant less liable and blamed the complainant more, especially when the two had known each other. Study 2 largely replicated these findings with 129 postgraduate trainee lawyers and showed that sentencing recommendations also varied as a function of defendant–complainant relationship and coercive strategy. Providing participants with the legal definition of rape did not reduce reliance on rape stereotypes.