企业现代信用文化及其环境优化

信用文化是企业市场化经营中的经营文化,它在不同的社会经济形态中,表现出不同的实践特征。现代信用文化是与发达商品经济相适应的先进的信用文化,在制度约束条件下,它是企业追求利益最大化的文化模式选择。我国目前企业信用文化状况堪忧,提倡和推进先进信用文化应与推动经济增长同步进行。推广和普及现代信用文化需要优化社会环境。     

船舶物权变动登记效力的理论解析——兼论我国《物权法》关于物权变动登记效力立法模式的选择

物权变动登记的效力存在对抗要件主义和生效要件主义之别。在分析两种立法例的基础上,本文指出了我国物权变动应采取与船舶物权变动相同的立法模式,即应采取对抗要件主义立法,并对我国《物权法》提出了修改意见。     

Lawyers, Legislation and Social Welfare

Efficiency considerations have played an increasing role in the development of legal doctrine over the last decades. Our paper investigates the consequences of the efficiency doctrine for the long run allocation of human resources between the legal profession and other professional activities. It is argued that a short run pursuit of the efficient scope of legislation may create an inefficient oversupply of lawyers under free entry into the legal profession. Self-regulation of entry into the legal profession by the bar association may provide higher aggregate welfare. Liberalization of professional entry can explain both the expansion of legislative activity and the unprecedented growth rate of the legal profession in many countries.     

国际私法功能演进之研究

以国际民商事关系作为调整对象的国际私法的传统功能是法律选择,实现这种功能的载体是冲突法制度。随着国际民商事关系的蓬勃发展和国际私法呈现出的统一化趋势,加之冲突法制度的固有缺陷,使得国际私法的功能必然要逐渐演进为法律协调。与法律协调功能相适应,国际私法的范围除了包括冲突法外,还应涵纳国际统一实体法,两类规范相辅相成,互为补充,共同完成对国际民商事关系的调整。     

论我国反垄断立法的目标模式选择

目标模式是反垄断立法的关键。有效竞争理论能极大地优化竞争结构 ,有效地创造一个经济效率与竞争强度协调统一的竞争状态。因此 ,选择有效竞争理论作为我国反垄断立法的目标模式是适宜的。     

西江经济带发展的战略选择

打造西江黄金水道是广西的重大战略决策,推动西江经济带发展,是推动区域经济协调发展的必然选择。西江经济带发展的战略选择主要有:整体推进基础设施建设一体化战略、区域产业集群化战略、城镇发展规模化战略、开发开放生态化战略、协调合作机制化战略。     

The Moderating Effect of Criminal Thinking on Certainty of Apprehension in Decisions to Engage in Antisocial Behavior: Replication and Extension

This study explored whether the rational (certainty of punishment) and nonrational (criminal thinking) aspects of antisocial decision‐making interact. A convenience sample of 319 undergraduates (106 men, 213 women) completed a measure of criminal thinking and responded to three fictional vignettes (i.e., cheating on a final examination in a class they were in jeopardy of failing, stealing $50 off a table in a dorm room, and selling marijuana for a friend) at three different levels of risk or certainty of apprehension (50%, 10%, and 1%). Results indicated that participants reported that they would be more likely to engage in antisocial behavior when the certainty of getting caught was low and the level of proactive (P) or reactive (R) criminal thinking was high. An interaction between certainty and criminal thinking was also observed in which the gap between lower and higher criminal thinking respondents grew as the probability of getting caught fell.     

A Pimp's Game: A Rational Choice Approach to Understanding the Decisions of Sex Traffickers

We employ a rational choice framework to understand the conditions under which sex traffickers allow their victims access to telecommunications devices while under their control. We posit that sex traffickers are rational actors who make calculated decisions regarding whether to allow their victims access to the Internet and cell phones. We hypothesize that sex traffickers allow younger victims and those they did not defraud in the recruitment process greater access to telecommunications devices because these decisions maximize their payoffs with minimal risk. However, we hypothesize that younger victims’ access to telecommunications devices is conditional on whether they have been defrauded in recruitment. In order to test these hypotheses, we deployed a survey to 115 victims of sex trafficking in the United States to learn about how they were recruited by their sex trafficker and the level of access they had to technology while under their sex trafficker's control. We find support for all of our hypotheses. The results have serious implications for criminal justice policy and practice.     

对甘肃省农村以土地为核心的社会医疗保障的现实调查和反思

本文通过对甘肃省农村几地社会医疗保障现状及土地医疗保障能力的抽样调查与分析,揭示了西部农村土地在有效防范农民医疗风险方面能力有限,且有逐渐弱化趋势的问题。且就该问题从国家制度缺失、财政投入不足、医疗救助手段的匮乏等方面进行了深入反思。指出在当前甘肃农村,正确认识土地医疗保障能力,将对广大农户参加合作医疗产生积极的影响,有助于甘肃农村合作医疗制度的推广。同时,就如何建设适合甘肃农村的合作医疗制度的新机制,笔者从模式类型的选择、资金筹集与管理、非正式安排、地方立法安排等方面提出了对策。