Participatory budgets in Canoas (Brazil) and Cascais (Portugal). A comparative analysis of the drivers of success

ABSTRACT

This article is a comparative analysis of two internationally awarded cases of Participatory Budgets in Canoas (Brazil) and Cascais (Portugal). Our main argument is that the success of these PBs relies on political/administrative, societal, and geographic drivers. This conceptual model has been adopted to analyse and discuss the success of the two case studies. The provision of an original conceptual model for comparative analysis and the empirical knowledge from the two cities are supported by the review of main literature in this field of study, and aim to contribute, with original findings, to the international debate on participatory budgeting.     

The legitimization and institutionalization of ‘parental alienation’ in the Province of Quebec

ABSTRACT

This article examines the legitimization and institutionalization of ‘parental alienation’ discourse in the Province of Quebec, Canada. It draws upon an analysis of 31 documents (legislation, research reports and articles, training documents, professional documents and media articles) and interviews with 13 key informants, who were selected based on their knowledge of ‘parental alienation’ in research, policies or practices. The research findings reveal that the legitimization and institutionalization of ‘parental alienation’ discourse is a more recent process than in other provinces and countries, but that it has now permeated child custody as well as child protection proceedings. Academic researchers and media have been instrumental in this legitimization and institutionalization process, while the role played by changes to child protection policies is more ambiguous. The findings reveal researchers’ and experts’ tendency to distance themselves from Gardner’s controversial work on ‘parental alienation syndrome’ and to address the critiques by proposing new approaches and new concepts. However, the terms ‘parental alienation syndrome’, ‘parental alienation’ and ‘alienating behaviours’ are often used interchangeably, and assessment practices tend to rely on similar indicators.     

统计学方法在微量物证数据处理中的应用

统计学方法在微量物证理化检验工作中受到越来越多的重视,采用有效的统计学方法对检验数据进行分析,不仅能够深度挖掘复杂数据背后信息,还能不断提高数据的应用价值和证据本身的证据价值。本文对目前微量物证领域常用统计学方法进行归纳总结,简要介绍了常用统计方法的应用,对各类方法优缺点进行说明。最后,对法庭科学工作者都比较感兴趣的贝叶斯统计与似然比方法在理化检验数据统计分析中的应用进行了介绍。     

令人警醒的特权感知:当前领导干部对特权现象感知状况的实证分析

领导干部的特权感知是认识官场特权现象的特殊视角。调查显示,领导干部对于官场特权现象感知强烈,具体表现为:特权思想严重、特权行为多样、特权关系复杂、特权危害严重。特权现象具有寄生性、虚假性、垄断性、不平等性和扩张性等本质属性,在官场中呈现出特权群体广泛、"关键部门"和"关键环节"特权现象明显、制度性特权明显的特征。调查对象认为政治建设、法治建设的不足是滋生特权的关键因素,他们认同制度建设、思想教育和强化监督等治理措施,并对中央开展特权治理充满期待,但对治理前景持谨慎态度。     

社会治理创新的结果差异研究--基于多项目实践过程的实证分析

从"主体-客体"分析视角出发,构建地方政府、社会力量、创新项目三个维度的社会治理创新结果影响因素研究模型,通过采用多值定性比较分析方法对30个社会治理创新案例进行分析,探究影响社会治理创新结果差异的因素及路径模式。研究发现:社会治理创新结果差异是多种因素的交叠效应;项目影响力是社会治理创新结果差异的基础性条件;公民参与对社会治理创新结果差异影响不显著;稳定存续型、内生动力持久型、阶段性目标主导型和治理效果不佳型是影响社会治理创新结果差异的主要路径模式。     

民间文学艺术作品权利归属之次序探析

《民间文学艺术作品著作权保护条例（征求意见稿）》第5条（权利归属）规定，民间文学艺术作品的著作权属于特定的民族、族群或者社群。此规定值得商榷。界定民间文学艺术作品权利主体应当坚持个人优位主体、集体常态主体、国家候补主体的基本顺次，方能契合保障民间文学艺术作品的有序使用，鼓励民间文学艺术传承发展的立法宗旨。     

论语篇功能分析在文学分析中的应用

韩礼德建构系统功能语法的目的之一是为语篇研究提供一个分析框架。国内用语言学理论特别是系统功能语法理论来分析文学作品还不多见。本文尝试对海明威的一个短篇小说《雨中的猫》进行语篇功能分析,旨在揭示小说主题,再现海明威写作之特点,从而通过本文的讨论、分析来检验系统功能语法在文学作品分析中的可操作性。     

Towards a school constitution for freedom -- a comparative analysis in Western and Eastern Europe

This article shows the recent European discussion on and developments in the reform of school government and administration. This reorganisation is directed at reducing state influence and widening self-responsibility of schools. It is a part of a general development towards decentralisation and deregulation, subsidiarity and plurality in civil society. This overview, with illustrations from different countries, shows a general agreement in Western and Eastern Europe that the humanisation of education must also be promoted through liberalisation and democratisation of decision-making. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

简述狱政统计的调查与分析

狱政统计是对狱政管理工作进行全面、系统、准确调查分析的方法,是研究狱政现象数量方面的专业性工作。搞好狱政统计,是实现监狱工作法制化、科学化的客观要求。狱政统计调查是狱政统计整理和分析研究的前提,肩负着提供狱政统计基础资料的任务。狱政统计分析是狱政统计研究的最后阶段,也是提供狱政统计研究成果的阶段。采取正确的分析方法,从各个不同方面对狱政现象进行综合的分析研究,才能全面、深入地认识问题。     

关于企业边界的理论评述与思考

企业边界理论存在的不足主要有:交易成本经济学缺乏环境变化的动态分析;新古典理论对不少现象缺乏解释力;竞争优势理论缺少深度分析;迈克尔的分析框架不能解释中国的现实问题。鉴于企业边界问题复杂而动态,因此企业边界的理论研究有待进一步深化。