日本血吸虫抱雌沟蛋白DNA疫苗的研究

为构建含日本血吸虫抱雌沟蛋白(SjGCP)完整ORF的核酸疫苗,评估该核酸疫苗在小鼠体内诱导抗血吸虫感染的免疫保护效果及其保护机制,将编码日本血吸虫大陆株抱雌沟蛋白基因ORF片段克隆到真核表达载体pVAX1中,用重组质粒pVAX1-SjGCP三次肌肉注射BALB/c小鼠,攻击感染血吸虫尾蚴,攻击感染后第42天剖杀小鼠冲虫,计算减虫率及肝和粪便的减卵率,评估其免疫保护效果。用流式细胞术(FCM)检测第3次免疫后小鼠淋巴细胞亚群CD4+、CD8+占总淋巴细胞的百分比及细胞因子IL-4、IFN-γ表达水平,探讨核酸疫苗的免疫机制。结果显示,小鼠经pVAX1-SjGCP质粒免疫后诱导了31.9%的减虫率,以及47.85%、68.04%的肝减卵率和粪便减卵率,与PBS组差异显著;pVAX1-SjGCP免疫组淋巴细胞亚群CD4+、CD8+百分比增加,细胞因子IFN-γ及特异性IgG水平提高,与pVAX1组差异显著。结果表明,血吸虫抱雌沟蛋白基因DNA疫苗能够诱导宿主细胞免疫和体液免疫应答,产生Th1/Th2型混合的细胞免疫反应,具有一定的抗血吸虫感染的免疫保护效果。     

鸡饲喂阿散酸后的排泄规律及其光降解试验

选用20日龄健康黄鸡30只,随机分为2组,每组15只,分别饲喂含0和200mg/kg阿散酸的全价饲料,试验时间为10d,混饲后收集不同时间的粪样,以微波消解-原子荧光测定法测定鸡粪中总砷的质量浓度,以高效液相色谱法测定鸡粪中阿散酸的质量浓度,了解阿散酸在鸡体内的排泄情况;将不同时间点收集的鸡粪进行阿散酸的光降解试验。结果,阿散酸在鸡粪中的排泄量在饲后第72小时达到稳态(阿散酸为63.42mg/kg,总砷为45.89mg/kg),阿散酸排泄量占总砷量的52.82%～58.96%。停饲后总砷、阿散酸排泄量呈较快速下降,第96小时鸡粪中已检不出阿散酸。光照组鸡粪中阿散酸的降解率为95.21%,避光组鸡粪中阿散酸的降解率为75.15%。结果表明,鸡饲喂阿散酸后主要以阿散酸原形的形式排泄;光照可以加速鸡粪中阿散酸的降解与转化。     

LSD and 9,10-dihydro-LSD Analyses in Street Drug Blotter Samples via Easy Ambient Sonic-Spray Ionization MassSpectrometry (EASI-MS)

Normally, the identification of the LSD drug is performed by forensic laboratories, using the Ehrlich spot test. However, this is a nonspecific analysis. Additionally, the Brazilian Federal Police has identified the presence of a new compound in seized blotters: 9,10-dihydro-LSD, an uncontrolled substance. In this work, easy ambient sonic-spray ionization mass spectrometry in the positive ion mode, EASI(+)-MS, was used to characterize LSD and 9,10-dihydro-LSD compositions directly from the surface of blotters. The presence of LSD in the seized blotter samples were also confirmed via high-performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detector. In a set of 41 blotters analyzed by EASI(+)-MS, 28 showed positive results for LSD, seven for 9,10-dihydro-LSD, and another six samples showed negative results for both LSD and 9,10-dihydro-LSD. The combination of thin layer chromatography with EASI-MS also demonstrated to be a relatively simple and powerful screening tool for forensic analysis of street drugs.     

藻酸盐材料在提取深色织物上潜血足迹的应用

目的建立一种用藻酸盐齿科材料转印显现纺织物上血足迹的方法。方法依据藻酸盐能和纺织物上血足迹中的血结合,从而使足迹被转印到藻酸盐模上,并通过染色增强反差。结果藻酸盐印模材料转印法能够在不破坏织物客体的情况下清楚的反映出血足迹细节特征。结论藻酸盐类齿科材料能够转印、提取显现织物上血足迹,尤其是潜在血足迹,并反映出其细节特征。     

The Persistence of Sperm and the Development of Time Since Intercourse (TSI) Guidelines in Sexual Assault Cases at Forensic Science Ireland,Dublin, Ireland

The persistence of sperm using confirmatory microscopic analysis, the persistence of sperm with tails, time since intercourse (TSI) analysis, and results from the acid phosphatase (AP) reaction from approximately 5581 swabs taken from circa 1450 sexual assault cases are presented. The observed proportions of sperm in the vagina and anus declines significantly after 48 h TSI, and sperm on oral swabs were observed up to 15 h TSI. The AP reaction as a predictor of sperm on intimate swabs is questioned. All AP reaction times gave a low true positive rate; 23% of sperm‐positive swabs gave a negative AP reaction time. We show the AP reaction is an unsafe and an unreliable predictor of sperm on intimate swabs. We propose that TSI not AP informs precase assessment and the evaluative approach for sexual assault cases. To help inform an evaluative approach, TSI guidelines are presented.     

Fatal Folic Acid Toxicity in Humans

Folic acid is B‐9 vitamin. Folic acid is prescribed commonly for pregnant women to prevent neural tube defects in the fetus, patients under chemotherapy, pernicious anemia and to reduce the risk of stroke and cardiovascular disease. Acute or chronic ingestion of a large dose of folic acid generally manifests as neurological complications, which are reversible. In this present case, a 23‐year‐old pregnant woman committed suicide by consuming folic acid tablets and succumbed to death within 36 h. Postmortem toxicological analysis detected folic acid in viscera. Death following acute consumption of folic acid is rare and has been not reported in the literature, to the best of our knowledge.     

超高效液相色谱法测定四川松潘3种秦艽中马钱苷酸和龙胆苦苷的含量

目的 采用超高效液相色谱(ultra performance liquid chromatography,UPLC)法对四川省松潘地产3种秦艽中马钱苷酸和龙胆苦苷含量进行测定,并考察海拔高度对其含量的影响.方法 采用BEH C18 (2.1 mm×50 mm,1.7 μm)色谱柱,乙腈-0.1%醋酸溶液为流动相;流速...     

潞党参多糖的提取及含量测定

目的：从潞党参中提取多糖并测定多糖含量。方法：用水提醇沉法提取潞党参多糖;用苯酚．硫酸法测定其含量。结果：测得潞党参中多糖含量为20．99％,平均收回率为99．03％,RSD=1．01％(n=3)。结论：潞党参中多糖含量较高,具有开发利用价值。     

抗α-1酸性糖蛋白血清的制备

作者用分离纯化的α-1酸性糖蛋白免疫新西兰兔,制备抗α-1酸性糖蛋白血清。鉴定结果表明,制备的抗血清与进口商品抗α-1酸性糖蛋白血清特异性相同;与人血清其他蛋白无交叉反应。琼脂双向扩散法测得抗血清效价为128,检出α-1酸性糖蛋白的最低浓度为204μg/ml。     

多重置换扩增在含抑制物检材中的应用

目的研究多重置换扩增(multiple displacement amplification,MDA)在含抑制物检材中的抗抑制能力,与磁珠法纯化检材相比较,证明其在法医学中的应用及意义。方法将不同浓度血红素和腐殖酸与样本DNA进行混合,分为MDA处理组、磁珠法处理组和空白对照组,PCR-STR单基因座D3S1358扩增联合聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳检测,并应用Amp F詛STR誖IdentifilerTMPlus试剂盒联合毛细管电泳检测。结果血红素质量浓度大于1 ng/μL或腐殖酸质量浓度大于0.1 ng/μL时,空白对照组经单基因座STR检测不能得到扩增产物;磁珠法处理组血红素质量浓度大于100 ng/μL或腐殖酸浓度大于1 ng/μL时,不能够得到扩增产物;MDA处理组各浓度抑制物均能成功扩增,完全不受抑制物影响。结论 MDA技术可消除血红素及腐殖酸的抑制作用,其抗抑制能力优于磁珠法纯化DNA,具有一定的法医学应用意义。