Norfolk Island as Region: A Pacific Puzzle

Commonwealth‐enforced changes to the constitutional status of Norfolk Island through 2014–2016 have removed the island's autonomous identity as a self‐governing Australian territory. Its conversion to what is effectively a part of New South Wales, with the main instrument of governance titled ‘regional council’, is said to be based on a NSW local government model. However, it is difficult to view Norfolk Island as a region, and difficult also to trace the thinking that bestowed the form of the regional council on its governance. This article briefly summarizes the Norfolk changes. It then considers how the concept of the regional council has been used in NSW, and moves on to Queensland where the concept is better defined. It notes particularly how it has been applied in the case of the Torres Strait Islands, and asks whether that application might have relevance for Norfolk. It concludes with speculation about what might be a better approach in designing a system of governance suitable for Norfolk conditions.     

Public opinion polarisation and protest behaviour

Does an increasing divide in normative notions within a population influence citizens’ political protest behaviour? This article explores whether public opinion polarisation stimulates individuals to attend lawful demonstrations. In line with relative deprivation theory, it is argued that in an environment of polarisation, individuals’ normative notions are threatened, increasing the probability that they will actively participate in the political decision‐making process. Using the European Social Survey from the period 2002–2014 and focusing on subnational regions, multilevel analyses are conducted. Thereby a new index to measure public opinion polarisation is introduced. Depending on the issue, empirical results confirm the effect of polarisation. While average citizens are not motivated to demonstrate over the issue of whether people from other countries are a cultural threat, they are motivated by the issues of reducing inequality and of homosexuality. The article goes on to examine in a second step whether ideological extremism makes individuals more susceptible to environmental opinion polarisation. Findings show that members of the far left are more likely to protest when their social environment is divided over the issue of income inequality. In contrast, members of the far right are motivated by rising polarisation regarding homosexuality. In sum, citizens become mobilised as their beliefs and values are threatened by public opinion polarisation.     

西部民族地区中观经济信息化间接绩效测评

当今时代,信息技术、信息资源在经济社会各个领域的高度渗透性,使得信息化成为推进经济社会快速发展的核心动力。信息化绩效的测评理应科学、完整地反映信息化在经济社会的宏观、中观、微观不同层次以及各层次中的直接、间接功能发挥的状况,做到宏观、中观、微观绩效评估,直接、间接绩效评估的有机结合。在此,我们着重就我国西部民族地区中观经济信息化间接绩效水平进行测评与比较研究。     

应用酶联免疫吸附试验检测实验感染绵羊进行性肺炎病毒的山羊血清抗体

用酶联免疫吸附试验（ＥＬＩＳＡ）在接种绵羊进行性肺炎病毒（ＯＰＰＶ）的山羊血清中可测到ＯＰＰＶ抗体。抗体的最早检出时间是接毒后的第１５ｄ，且４只接毒山羊都呈阳性反应。检测结果表明，ＯＰＰＶ可在山羊体内诱生较强的体液免疫应答反应。试验所用的ＥＬＩＳＡ除可用于ＯＰＰＶ通过山羊体的传代研究之外，还可应用于绵羊进行性肺炎（ＯＰＰ）的诊断     

大熊猫轮状病毒RT-PCR检测方法的建立

根据GenBank中登录的大熊猫轮状病毒(RV)VP7基因序列,设计了1对特异性引物,建立了快速检测大熊猫RV的RT-PCR方法.用该方法对MA-104细胞增殖的大熊猫RV进行RT-PCR扩增,结果得到与试验设计相符的342 bp的特异性扩增条带,而对传染性胃肠炎病毒、大肠杆菌和沙门氏菌的扩增结果为阴性.测序比对结果证实该体系检测结果准确;该方法最低可检测出约1 pg的病毒核酸;重复性试验结果显示,其检测重复性好,提示该RT-PCR方法可用于大熊猫RV的临床快速检测.     

食品中沙门氏菌DNA环介导等温扩增快速检测方法的建立

根据沙门氏菌属高度保守的fimY基因序列设计了2对特异性引物,采用环介导等温扩增方法(LAMP)建立了食品中沙门氏菌的LAMP快速检测方法。结果表明,建立的LAMP方法具有高度特异性,经对40种共68株细菌进行扩增,所试32株沙门氏菌均为LAMP阳性,其他菌株为LAMP阴性。建立的LAMP方法对培养的沙门氏菌的检测灵敏度为5CFU/管,对污染食品中沙门氏菌的检测灵敏度为9CFU/管,60min内即可完成检测。用建立的LAMP方法对802份肉类、蛋、奶及其制品和动物腹泻物、人工污染样品等进行检测,共检出165份LAMP阳性样本,与国标(GB/T4789.4-2008)方法的检测结果一致。建立的LAMP方法操作简便、特异性强、灵敏度高,具有良好的实用性。     

湖南省经侦工作调查与思考

湖南省经济侦查总队组建以来,切实履行职责,取得了明显的成效,经侦工作逐步走上规范化、法制化、专业化的轨道,但经侦工作在观念、体制、管理以及队伍建设等方面仍存在不少的问题。解决这些问题,需要进一步改进和加强经侦工作。     

规律性短时巨大交通流量集中区域交通组织方法及实证研究——以湖南省娄底市贤童街交通改善为例

巨大交通流量在短时间内规律性地高度集中和疏散，已经成为城市内一种日益常见的交通行为现象，典型的有如一些办学规模较大的中小学学校通学交通以及由此衍生的其他交通行为。本文结合湖南省娄底市第一中学等学校所在区域的交通问题，通过实证分析的方法，在对道路基础设施不做大型建设改造的低投入原则下，通过交通组织理论和交通管理手段的合理运用，采用单向交通、错时上下学等简便而且低投入的交通组织与管理措施，对存在交通难题进行了极为有效改善，并从此得到相应启示。     

How Many Offenses are Really Committed per Juvenile Court Offender?

This article compares juvenile court petitions and self-reported offending between ages 13 and 17 for 506 boys followed up in the Pittsburgh Youth Study. There were 2.4 self-reported offenders for every petitioned offender, and 80 self-reported offenses for every petitioned offense. The prevalence of self-reported offenders stayed constant with age, but the prevalence of petitioned offenders increased with age. Conversely, the individual offending frequency stayed constant with age according to court petitions but increased with age according to self-reports. Therefore, prevalence and frequency did not vary similarly with age, and did not vary similarly in self-reports and court records. With increasing age, more and more of the self-reported offenders were formally petitioned, but they were formally petitioned for fewer and fewer of their offenses. The probability of an offender being petitioned to court increased with the number of offenses that he committed, but the probability of each offense leading to a court petition decreased with the number of offenses committed. There was little overlap between self-reported and official chronic offenders. It is concluded that researchers should always measure both self-reports and official records in studying offending, and that the juvenile court should seek to intervene earlier in delinquency careers.     

免疫酶组化法检测人工感染牦牛体内布氏杆菌的研究

为了确定免疫酶组化法检测布氏杆菌的临床应用价值,笔者利用甘肃省甘南州兽医站人工感染试验的牦牛,进行现场检测,并与传统的细菌分离培养法做对比试验。对每头牦牛20种组织器官的检验结果表明:免疫酶组化法对细菌分离培养法的阳性符合率为100％,但前者阳性检出率却显著地高于后者。并且用免疫酶组化法检测耗时短,操作安全、简便,因此更具有实用价值。