microRNA Detection in Blood,Urine, Semen,and Saliva Stains After Compromising Treatments

Evaluation of microRNA (miRNA) expression as a potential method for forensic body fluid identification has been the subject of investigation over the past several years. Because of their size and encapsulation within proteins and lipids, miRNAs are inherently less susceptible to degradation than other RNAs. In this work, blood, urine, semen, and saliva were exposed to environmental and chemical conditions mimicking sample compromise at the crime scene. For many treated samples, including 100% of blood samples, miRNAs remained detectable, comparable to the untreated control. Sample degradation varied by body fluid and treatment, with blood remarkably resistant, while semen and saliva are more susceptible to environmental insult. Body fluid identification using relative miRNA expression of blood and semen of the exposed samples was 100% and 94%, respectively. Given the overall robust results herein, the case is strengthened for the use of miRNAs as a molecular method for body fluid identification.     

Validation studies of rapid stain identification-blood (RSID-blood) kit in forensic caseworks

When bloodstains are detected at crime scene using presumptive tests (e.g. luminol, phenolphthalein, leuchomalachite green), it is important to establish the real human nature of each stain. This is possible using confirmatory tests. One of these is rapid stain identification-blood (RISD-blood) a lateral flow immuno-chromatographic strip test format which allows the identification of human blood by detection of glycophorin A, a red blood cell membrane antigen, using two anti-human glycophorin A (GPA) monoclonal antibodies.The aim of this study is to assess the sensitivity of RSID-blood test in old, degraded bloodstains and in some bloodstains previously treated with BlueStar Forensic, a presumptive test which is often used in crime scene investigations to detect latent bloodstains. The genetic analysis of all bloodstains of confirmed human nature was subsequently performed using the AmpF1STR Identifiler PCR Amplification Kit (Applied Biosystems), to validate the possibility of obtain a consistent and reliable DNA typing results.     

血液和尿液中多种头孢菌素的HPLC分析

目的 建立检测血液和尿液中头孢唑啉、头孢拉定、头孢哌酮和头孢噻肟的高效液相色谱法,并考察方法的适用性.方法 以乙酰苯胺为内标,血液和尿液用乙腈直接沉淀蛋白,采用Agilent Zorbax SB-Aq(250min×4.6mm,5 μm)色谱柱,流动相选用水(含0.12%三乙胺和0.12%乙酸)和乙腈的混合溶剂梯度洗脱,流速1 mL/min,检测波长254nm.结果 4种头孢菌素分离完全,工作曲线相关性均良好(r>0.9990),检出限为0.01μg/mL,回收率均不低于81.2%.结论 所建立的方法对血液和尿液中以上4种头孢菌素的检测快速、简便、准确,适用于实际检案中头孢菌素类药物的分析.     

益气养阴活血通腑法为主治疗老年早期糖尿病肾病31例

目的 :观察益气养阴活血通腑法为主对老年早期糖尿病肾病 (DN)的临床疗效。方法 :随机将 50例老年早期DN患者分为西药对照组 (简称对照组 ) 19例和中西药并用治疗组 (简称治疗组 ) 31例。对照组予常规降血糖、糖尿病教育及对症处理 ,治疗组加用以益气养阴活血通腑为主的中药治疗。结果 :在治疗 8周后 ,治疗组 2 4h尿清蛋白排泄量 (UAE)显著减少 (P <0 .0 1) ,与对照组比较有显著性差异 (P <0 .0 1)。结论 :益气养阴活血通腑法为主对老年早期DN具有较好的肾脏保护作用。     

DVC微量注射VIP对大鼠GMBF放大和电针调整效应

目的：采用中枢迷走神经背核复合体（DVC）微量注射血管活性肠肽（VIP），观察胃黏膜血流量（GMBF）变化和电针对GMBF的调整作用。方法：采用脑立体定位仪对大鼠中枢进行定位和注射，电针足三里穴，用氢气清除法测定GMBF；放射免疫法测量外周血中VIP含量。结果：DVC微量注射VIP后，血中VIP含量增加（P＜0．01），GMBF明显增加（P＜0．01）。电针（EA）足三里穴加强了GMBF放大效应。结论：DVC注射VIP对GMBF有放大效应，证实在神经－内分泌－免疫网络系统（NEIS）中VIP是重要的神经肽，DVC是VIP作用的社会中枢特异性部位之一，电针具有协同作用。     

少数党员干部脱离群众的问题和对策研究

新形势下少数党员干部脱离群众的问题直接损害党同人民群众的血肉联系，危及党的执政基础。、我们从三个维度提出解决的思路：一是确立人民第一理念，教育党员干部用好手中的权力，做到立党为公执政为民；二是以维护人民利益为出发点，解决群众实际问题，彰显执政党维护社会公平正义的价值导向，夯实党同人民群众的血肉联系；三是以科学的群众工作方法为抓手，提高党员干部科学执政、民主执政、依法执政的水平和能力，保障群众工作取得实效。     

固绿显现血手印方法的研究

固绿显现剂是一种血手印显现新试剂,该试剂对新鲜的或陈旧的血手印都有较好的显现效果,刺激性气味小,对人身体伤害小。该试剂的研发为现场血手印的显现提供了一种新的可供选择的方法。     

羊源巴贝斯虫未定种甘肃敦煌株的发现

采用动物接种法将采自甘肃敦煌的15只绵羊血液混合后感染1只除脾绵羊,感染后逐日做血涂片检查。结果显示,在感染后第10天的血片上出现了1种大型巴贝斯虫。虫体形态以双梨子形、单梨子形、圆形及卵圆形为主。在感染后第12天,感染羊体温升至41.1℃。染虫率达到0.125%,之后逐渐下降。无菌采集该羊血液,提取全血基因组,用梨形虫通用引物进行PCR扩增全长18SrRNA基因,得到长约1 700bp的片段,将其克隆并测序(登录号:HQ730762),与GenBank中的其他巴贝斯虫的序列进行比较,发现其与新疆巴贝斯虫未定种的同源性最高,达到99.8%。本研究发现甘肃敦煌又是一个新疆羊巴贝斯虫未定种的疫源地。     

The use of Hemastix® severely reduces DNA recovery using the BioRobot® EZ1

Abstract: The choice of reagents for presumptive tests for blood, and subsequent extraction methodologies, can significantly affect both the quantity and quality of purified DNA. Blood samples directly tested with Hemastix^® yielded <1% of the DNA recovered from untested samples when purified using the Qiagen BioRobot^® EZ1 and EZ1^® DNA Investigator kit. Full short tandem repeat profiles were obtained from both tested and untested samples, suggesting that the Hemastix^® reagent(s) affect DNA binding, rather than produce DNA damage. The Hemastix^® inhibition of DNA yield could be overcome by the addition of MTL buffer to the sample prior to extraction. Laboratories may wish to modify current procedures for extracting blood samples, utilize other extraction/purification methodologies, or inform their submitting agencies to avoid direct exposure of questioned bloodstains to Hemastix^® reagents.     

SPE/UPLC法检测血中吗啡、苯丙胺类及氯胺酮

目的建立SPE/UPLC方法在同一条件下同时检测血中吗啡、苯丙胺类及氯胺酮。方法采用SCX 3cc（60mg）固相萃取柱萃取血中吗啡、MA、MDMA、MDA及氯胺酮,用超高效液相色谱（UPLC）-二极管阵列检测器（PDA）检测,结合保留时间和紫外光谱进行定性、定量分析,对实验各环节进行优化,并进行实际案例检测。结果吗啡、MA、MDMA、MDA、氯胺酮的固相萃取提取回收率分别为81.4%±2.51%、88.2%±2.48%、91.8%±2.03%、93.8%±1.46%、74.8%±2.27%,峰面积和质量浓度的线性关系良好（r〉0.999）,线性范围分别为0.08～100μg/mL、0.4～100μg/mL、0.2～75μg/mL、0.3～75μg/mL、0.4～100μg/mL,检出限分别为30pg、200pg、80pg、100pg、200pg。结论本文所建方法适用于血中吗啡、苯丙胺类、氯胺酮常见毒品的筛选及定量分析。