推进反腐倡廉建设科学化若干问题的思考

党的十七届四中全会明确提出“提高党的建设科学化水平”,十七届中纪委四次全会又提出了“提高反腐倡廉科学化水平”等重大命题。科学理解和准确把握反腐倡廉建设科学化的基本内涵和重要意义,认真总结中国特色反腐倡廉建设科学化的基本经验,深入分析我国反腐倡廉建设科学化进程中的主要问题,积极探索推进反腐倡廉科学化的具体路径,无疑具有重要的理论和实践意义。     

大鼠颅骨材料力学和骨质参数的增龄性变化

目的 通过检测大鼠颅骨材料力学和骨质参数,探讨二者关系及其与年龄的相关性.方法 48只健康雄性SD大鼠按年龄分为2、4、6、8、17、26、52和104周龄组,每组6只.利用KDⅡ-0.2型微机控制电子万能试验机压缩右侧颅盖骨检测其材料力学参数(极限载荷、压缩强度、压缩模量),之后分离颅骨骨片进行Micro-CT系统扫...     

A Novel Solvent-based Method to Separate Duct Tape from Porous Surface for Fingerprint Development

In this study, we have proposed a novel solvent-based method using a specific concentration of 3M™ Novec™ HFE-72DE and 7200 solvents to untangle duct tape from porous article with minimal impact to the quality of latent fingerprint deposited on the sticky-side surface of duct tape. A series of experiments determined that a mixture of 30% HFE-72DE:7200 (v/v) was found to be the most effective to separate various brands of duct tape from different types of porous surface, including office copy paper, newspaper, cardboard, and tissue wipe, which had been stored for up to 30 days before untangling. Further studies also revealed that 30% HFE-72DE:7200 was compatible with three common fingerprint development methods for porous articles, namely ninhydrin, indanedione-zinc, and physical developer. The nonflammability and low toxicity nature of this novel solvent mixture also make it ideal for separating duct tape from porous surface in laboratory or at crime scene.     

陈旧性骨骼DNA提取技术的研究

对陈旧性骨骼建立一个高回收率并能除去 PCR 反应抑制物的提取 DNA 的方法。采用 CTAB 法提取 DNA。结果显示,该方法不但能有效去除 PCR 抑制物,而且对水泡、火烧、土埋以及10年左右的骨骼所提取的 DNA 均能成功地进行荧光标记 STR 多基因座扩增检验。实验表明,该方法稳定,重复性好,适合陈旧骨骼标本的 DNA 提取。     

Visualization of latent fingerprint corrosion of metallic surfaces

Abstract:  Chemical reactions between latent fingerprints and a variety of metal surfaces are investigated by heating the metal up to temperatures of ∼600°C after deposition of the fingerprint. Ionic salts present in the fingerprint residue corrode the metal surface to produce an image of the fingerprint that is both durable and resistant to cleaning of the metal. The degree of fingerprint enhancement appears independent of the elapsed time between deposition and heating but is very dependent on both the composition of the metal and the level of salt secretion by the fingerprint donor. Results are presented that show practical applications for the enhancement to fingerprints deposited in arson crime scenes, contaminated by spray painting, or deposited on brass cartridge cases prior to discharge. The corrosion of the metal surface is further exploited by the demonstration of a novel technique for fingerprint enhancement based on the electrostatic charging of the metal and then the preferential adherence of a metallic powder to the corroded part of the metal surface.     

Structural analysis of human rib fracture and implications for forensic interpretation

Patterns of rib fractures are of significant clinical and forensic interest. Linking patterns of rib fracture with specific physical events provides a foundation for understanding the nature of traumatic events that are associated with rib fracture in forensic contexts. In this study, isolated human ribs (n = 8) were end-loaded to failure to investigate: (i) local deformations (bone strain) prior to and during structural failure, (ii) location of ultimate failure, and (iii) fracture mode. Structural properties of ribs were used to calculate theoretical stresses to determine whether such calculations could be used to predict site of fracture. Ribs fractured on the sternal side of midshaft in all experiments, but mode of failure varied with transverse, buckle, spiral, and "butterfly" fractures observed. Comparison of calculated stress with observed strain values suggest that experimental, rather than theoretical, approaches will be most productive in furthering understanding rib fracture in forensic contexts.     

大黄泄浊颗粒保留灌肠对非透析慢性肾脏病肾性骨病湿热证患者骨密度及血清骨形成蛋白-7的影响

目的观察非透析慢性肾脏病(chronic kidney diseases,CKD)肾性骨病湿热证患者腰椎骨密度(bone mineral density,BMD)和血清骨形成蛋白-7(bone morphogenetic protein-7,BMP-7)水平及大黄泄浊颗粒保留灌肠的干预作用。方法将64例非透析CKD 3~5期湿热证患者随机分为治疗组和对照组各32例(结果每组失访2例),并设正常组20例。两组均给予基础治疗,治疗组加用大黄泄浊颗粒保留灌肠,每日1次,疗程均为8周。治疗前后分别观察两组血尿素氮(blood urea nitrogen,BUN),血清肌酐(serum creatinine,SCr)、钙(calcium,Ca)、磷(phosphorus,P)、碱性磷酸酶(alkaline phosphatase,ALP)、甲状旁腺激素(parathyroid hormone,iPTH)、BMP-7水平及第2—4腰椎BMD。结果治疗组临床疗效显著优于对照组(P0.05)。治疗4周末和8周末,两组中医证候积分均较前一时点显著降低(P0.05),且治疗组积分均显著低于对照组(P0.05)。治疗组在降低BUN、SCr和血清P、iPTH、ALP方面,以及在升高血清Ca和肾小球滤过率估算值方面均显著优于对照组(P0.05)。与正常组比较,CKD病例组BMD和BMP-7均显著降低(P0.05);两组治疗后BMD和BMP-7均显著升高(P0.05),而治疗组BMD和BMP-7升高值均显著大于对照组(P0.05)。结论非透析CKD肾性骨病湿热证患者BMD和BMP-7水平均显著低于健康人群;大黄泄浊颗粒保留灌肠可防治非透析CKD肾性骨病,其机制可能与改善肾功能及升高血清BMP-7含量有关。     

响应面分析法优化马兰总黄酮提取工艺研究

目的 应用响应面分析法优化马兰总黄酮的提取工艺。方法 以单因素研究为基础,以总黄酮提取量为响应值,以4因素3水平的响应面分析法优化马兰总黄酮的提取工艺。结果 马兰总黄酮的最优提取工艺条件为：乙醇浓度为40%,液料比为〖DK(〗16.5∶1,〖DK)〗提取时间为2 h,提取次数3次,在该条件下,马兰总黄酮提取量预测值为162.538 mg,实际验证值为156.867 mg,并得出各因素对马兰总黄酮提取量的影响大小依次为乙醇浓度、液料比、提取次数、提取时间。结论 响应面分析法可用于优化马兰总黄酮的提取工艺,实验验证值与模型预测值基本相符。     

爱国诗人张际亮思想的三重历程

张际亮为清朝嘉道诗坛上的爱国诗人 ,其一生思想复杂 ,经历了“学人时期” ,“狂士时期” ,“志士时期”3个阶段。总的说 ,张际亮的一生是“志士”的一生。从他思想的复杂性 ,可折射出中国文人由古代向近代过渡时思想变化的大致情形。     

同为名士风采曹雪芹与"魏晋风度"

曹雪芹深得魏晋名士之文化情韵.无论是魏晋的阮籍、嵇康,还是封建末世的曹雪芹,尽管表面是那样的放诞、痴狂,内心却清醒地保持着崇高的气节.魏晋风度的魅力更在于魏晋名士们满怀痴情去追求自己的人文理想,在于他们试图去毁灭腐烂的、充满奴性而陈旧的生活方式,从而荡涤出一个非奴性的充满真自由真血性的一种全新的生活方式.他们所执著的全新的生活方式便是其一生践行的诗化人生.同样,曹雪芹亦满怀痴情地执著诗化人生理想.试图以诗化人生、审美人生去矫正以政治、权力、暴力、伦理为重心的浊恶世界,以诗情的世界去反抗充满贪欲和无情的世界.