未成年人刑事责任年龄及其制裁的新理念--《国内法和国际法下的未成年人刑事责任决议》解读

国际刑法学协会第17届国际刑法大会形成了<国内法和国际法下的未成年刑事责任决议>,明确提出了刑事责任年龄的最低限制为14岁,完全刑事责任的年龄低限为18岁,在刑罚处遇方面对犯罪时未成年的人不得判处死刑等,决议反映了新的理念,反映了刑事科学领域最新的研究成果和主流价值取向,可能成为官方改革、修订法案的重要参考.     

相对负刑事责任年龄适用问题研究

已满十四周岁不满十六周岁的人 ,实施何种行为应当负刑事责任 ?法条规定的是具体的罪名还是行为 ?应该重视由于刑法条文特别规定而成立故意杀人罪的转化犯 ,以及故意杀人成为特定罪的结果加重犯 ,对于这一年龄阶段的人所实施的奸淫幼女行为 ,在追究刑事责任时 ,应具体分析。还有关于抢劫罪、贩毒罪的理解与适用     

谈公安院校教师如何迎接信息时代的挑战

信息时代,对公安院校教师提出了新的要求。目前,公安院校师资队伍存在的缺陷:层次较低;结构不合理;普遍性的缺乏计算机的基本操作能力和计算机初、中级技术的应用能力。文章对此论及面对信息时代,公安院校教师应采取的策略:树立现代教育观念;调整教师的角色;不断地加强学习。     

Constancy and change in the U.S. age distribution of crime: A test of the “invariance hypothesis”

The recent controversy over the age relationship with criminal behavior can be traced to Hirschi and Gottfredson's (Am. J. Sociol. 89, 552–584, 1983) failure to define invariance. In this paper, I distinguish two types of invariance—parametric andmathematical form— that explains both the pattern of stability claimed by Hirschi and Gottfredson and the pattern of variability observed in more recent research. I then directly test for each type of invariance using age-specific arrest data for index offenses in the United States from 1952 to 1987. The results are largely consistent with recent research showing variability in the characteristics (i.e., parameters) of the age distribution of crime, but at the same time, the results provide evidence for a persistent, underlying mathematical form to the age distribution of crime, regardless of year or offense type.     

The political psychology of participation in Turkey: civic engagement,basic values,political sophistication and the young

This article aims to understand the recent heightened levels of mobilization and unconventional political participation in Turkey. We use a political psychology model that highlights the impact of civic engagement, political sophistication, and values on conventional and unconventional participation. We argue that these factors will be significant predictors of unconventional participation setting it apart from conventional political behaviour, which will be driven by simpler considerations. We expect these qualitative differences in the drivers of conventional and unconventional participation to go beyond age and gender differences and highlight the complexity of political decision-making in Turkey’s electoral authoritarian system. We use the 2012 World Value Survey to test our hypotheses, with a nationally representative sample of Turkish citizens. We find significant variations in the role of values, sophistication and levels of civic engagement for conventional and unconventional participation when controlling for age, gender and left–right ideological orientations. Our findings confirm the complex considerations that drive citizens’ engagement with politics and can be useful to explaining recent political developments in Turkey involving youth, public mobilization and protests, but also mainstream voting choices.     

Social control theory: The salience of components by age,gender, and type of crime

Most social control theorists do not consider definitions of delinquency problematic. Beginning with the assumption that crime is a unitary concept, researchers have combined a variety of non-normative items to create additive delinquency scales. Rarely is consideration given to whether the causes of crime differ for distinct types of criminal activity. Furthermore, the classic social control model doesnot predict that bonding variables operate differently for distinct age and gender categories. Consistent with the structuring perspective, the present research attempts to refine the social control model by specifying conditions under which the model predicts different forms of delinquency. This study examines social control theory using survey data from middle- and high-school students (N=2926). Logit regression analysis revealed that the model which best explains personal crime differs from the model which best explains property crime. Also, certain components of the model were more powerful predictors of criminal behavior for different age-gender groups. The importance of model specification is demonstrated and the implications for social control theory are discussed.     

推进旅游综合改革试验区养老市场建设刍议

随着老龄化人口的增长,社会养老问题将成为城市的一个重要关注点。如今,越来越多有一定经济实力的老人盼望多元化养老。异地置业养老风正悄然兴起。把桂林打造为医疗服务水平高、社保建设和各种基础设施比较完善的养老胜地,应成为推进桂林国家旅游综合改革试验区建设的一个方向。     

论新媒体时代思想道德建设

互联网技术的迅猛发展，在一定程度上冲击着着人们的思想意识、价值观念，改变着人们的行为模式、生活习惯，新媒体时代的思想道德建设面临着严峻的挑战。从新媒体的思想道德功能与作用机理入手，分析思想道德建设面临的机遇与挑战，并依托相关理论提出思想道德建设的创新方略。     

中国特色社会主义理论体系时代特征论析

新中国成立六十年来，我们党在思想理论上最伟大的贡献，就是创立了中国特色社会主义理论体系。中国特色社会主义理论体系的创立和发展，是与我国改革开放的伟大历史进程紧密联系在一起的。作为反映这一伟大历史进程的思想表现即中国特色社会主义理论体系，必然具有其鲜明的时代特征。这些特征主要表现在科学性、创新性、人民性、开放性和包容性等五个方面。     

大鼠皮肤和肌肉挫伤后细胞间黏附分子-1mRNA表达变化

目的应用实时荧光定量PCR技术检测大鼠皮肤和肌肉挫伤后组织中细胞间黏附分子－1（intercellular adhesion molecular－1，ICAM－1）mRNA的表达．分析其与损伤时间的关系。方法制备大鼠挫伤模型，于伤后0．5、l、6、12、18、24和30h取材，一步法提取总RNA，检测其完整性和质量浓度，逆转录合成第一链cDNA，以rpl32为内参基因进行荧光定量检测，采用△△Ct法比较其与正常皮肤、肌肉组织中ICAM－1mRNA表达的倍数关系。结果皮肤挫伤后ICAM－1mRNA的表达0．5h达到峰值，24h下降至正常对照组的7倍．随后再次升高：在肌肉组织中于损伤后0．5h表达显著增强，6h达到峰值，18h降至最低后再次升高。结论大鼠皮肤、肌肉挫伤后ICAM－1mRNA表达随损伤时间呈规律性变化，可望用于早期损伤时间推断。