The 'Bad Mother' in Media and Legal Texts

Mothers who kill or injure their children highlight crucial disjunctions between the status ‘mother’ and the practices and expectations of mothering. Failures of ‘mothering’ reconstruct the meaning of the maternal, while being themselves given meaning by it. Violent mothers may be pathologised and excused, demonised and condemned, but the explanatory narratives that are used draw centrally on notions of the maternal and, more broadly, the feminine. These discourses are reproduced in legal proceedings and sentences, and in the media reports of these proceedings. This paper will analyse the construction of the bad mother in legal proceedings in one prominent recent Victorian case, and in the print media reports of this case.     

Memories of ethnic cleansing and the local Iron Curtain in the Czech–German borderlands

The Czech–German borderlands are an archetypal European border region. They evoke not only Cold War histories, but also shelter layers of European memories of the ethnic reshaping of early post-war Europe. By means of life story interviews with German speakers of the border region, this article analyzes the symbolic meaning of and the individual dealing with the local Iron Curtain. It will shed light on the biographical and narrative interconnectedness of experiences of ethnic cleansing in the early post-war period and retrospective perceptions of the Iron Curtain in these borderlands. In particular, it inquires whether and to what extent the local Iron Curtain intensified fractures caused by the region's post-and pre-war attempts to halt the multiethnic composition of the border communities. The article suggests that the local Czech–German Iron Curtain would have never endured as strongly if the border communities' common identity had not already been severely damaged in the course of the region's traumatic history and forced population transfers.     

Improving Nonmetric Sex Classification for Hispanic Individuals

Current techniques used by forensic anthropologists for the identification of unknown human skeletal remains have largely been created using U.S. Black and White samples. When applied to Hispanics, these techniques perform poorly and can lead to misclassifications; consequently, there is an imperative need for population‐specific standards for Hispanics. This research examines the classification accuracies obtained by the original Walker (Am J Phys Anthropol, 136, 2008) and Klales et al. (Am J Phys Anthropol, 149, 2012) methods for nonmetric sex estimation and provides recalibrated regression equations specifically for Hispanics. Ordinal data were collected for five skull and three pelvic traits from a sample of 54 modern Hispanic individuals. Recalibration of the Klales et al. equation improved accuracy (90.3% vs. 94.1%), while recalibration of the Walker method equation decreased accuracy (81.5% vs. 74.1%), but greatly improved sex bias (22.2% vs. ?7.4%), thereby making the recalibrated equations more appropriate for use with Hispanics.     

跨境次区域经济合作中我国沿边地方政府行为分析

跨境次区域经济合作是我国中西部沿边地区对外开放的主要形式,而沿边地方政府又是其主要推动力量。目前,中央政府主导、地方政府积极参与是我国跨境次区域合作的主要模式。但由于地方利益的强化,沿边地方政府与中央政府在利益和目标上会有所偏差。这导致了沿边地方政府在区域经济合作中,采取对内竞争和对外合作两种不同的行为模式。这两种不同行为模式背后的动力机制研究对进一步揭示我国经济转型发展的内在制度安排,提升我国沿边地区对外开放开发水平具有重要的意义。     

Judicial Murder‐Suicides in Van Diemen's Land

On the morning of December 17, 1827, nine convicts were executed by public hanging in Hobart Town, the capital of the British colony of Van Diemen's Land (now the Australian state of Tasmania). Two months previously they had drowned senior Constable George Rex on Small Island, which was part of the penal settlement at Macquarie Harbor, in front of five bound and gagged witnesses. They offered no defence at their trial. Examination of the Tasmanian colonial convict records shows that “suicide by lottery” involved convicts choosing two men, one to die and the other to kill him. The witnesses would earn a respite when taken away for the trial, and the murderer would be executed. “Death by gallows” could be considered a nineteenth‐century version of an orchestrated suicide reminiscent of more modern “death by cop.” This category of “judicial” murder‐suicide expands the range of contemporary classifications of dyadic deaths.     

An Analysis of The Morbidity and Mortality of Diabetes Mellitus in a Forensic Context

To investigate the spectrum of diseases seen in diabetes mellitus in a forensic context, all autopsy reports of diabetic individuals who presented to Forensic Science, South Australia (FSSA), over a 5‐year period from 2005 to 2009 were studied. The leading cause of death was cardiovascular disease (55.0%), followed by unnatural deaths (15.4%) and infections (9.4%). In type 1 diabetics, principal causes of death included cardiovascular disease (44.7%), acute metabolic complications (18.7%), unnatural deaths (17.9%), and infections (8.9%). However, frequencies of these diseases differed in type 2 diabetics, with cardiovascular events responsible for 56.6% of cases, followed by unnatural deaths (15.0%) and infections (10.9%). A larger number of male deaths were seen in all disease categories, except respiratory and gastrointestinal where the frequencies were similar to females. Cardiovascular disease was the leading overall cause of death across all ages except in those under the age of 30 where metabolic complications were more common.     

辽宁省边境地区与朝鲜经济贸易合作研究

辽宁省边境地区与朝鲜的经济贸易合作不仅是辽宁省对外开放总体战略的重要组成部分 ,而且关系到我国的国家利益。分析双方经济贸易合作基础 ,着重研究双方经贸合作的现状和存在的问题 ,并提出今后发展的对策建议 ,对辽宁省边境地区的发展将能起到很大的借鉴作用。     

Foreigners Dying in Istanbul

Abstract:  The study included 411 deaths selected from 14,647 medicolegal deaths autopsied in the Morgue Department of Forensic Medicine Institute Directorate, affiliated with the Ministry of Justice, between 1998 and 2002. Data were collected from court documents, coroner's investigation reports, and autopsy reports. The parameters of age, gender, nationality and origin, cause and place of death in foreigners dying in Istanbul were evaluated in the study. Out of 14,647 medicolegal deaths, 3.5% were foreigners from 34 different nationalities. The nationality with the highest rate of foreigner deaths (34%) was Romanian. Out of 411 deaths, 74.3% were male and 25.7% were female. Of all cases, 64.4% were tourists visiting Istanbul and 35.6% had a job in Istanbul. Of 146 foreigners employed in Istanbul, 94.5% did not have a work permit, while only 5.5% had a work permit.     

从共存安全到共生安全:基于边境安全特殊性的思考

边境地区作为国家领土比较特殊的组成部分,代表着国家主权的至高无上性和国家领土的不容侵犯。过去,位于国家交界处的边境地区敏感脆弱,承担着维护国家“安全”和“生存”的重任,传统边境始终发挥其屏蔽功能,传统的边境安全随之体现出“防范危险”和“共存安全”的主要特性。如今,由于全球化进程和国家的开放政策,相应地引发了实体边界弱化和“软边界”扩散等边境地区的新变化,同时,边境屏蔽效应相对减弱,中介效应凸显,使边境地区呈现安全与发展并举甚至以发展为主导的安全态势,边境安全的特征发生重大转变。边境地区安全问题的复杂化、安全的渗透性和联动性增强、安全中注入发展的因素以及安全的社会化建构等特征与“共生”理论中的多元性、内生性、交互性、共生性等特征相似,而且有相适应的研究议题,使边境安全问题可以从共生视角进行探讨。边境安全的变化使边境在实现“共存安全”的同时强调“共生安全与发展”,在关注当下安全的同时也注重安全的未来。文章以边境安全的特殊性为视角进行研究,提出“共生安全”的新理念,并在“共存安全”和“共生安全”特性的比较中,探索边境安全乃至国家安全的未来走向。     

民国时期中越边境对汛管理中的司法实践及其困局--以麻栗坡对汛督办档案为中心的分析

19世纪末中法战争结束后,中法两国历经十余年勘定了粤越、桂越、滇越三段边界并创设对汛制度,以管理中越边务问题。中越对汛制度的确立与实施,对中国南方边疆国防、外交等治理与开发有着重要意义。以往学界多聚焦于对汛设置与管理模式上的制度梳理,对涉及边民社会具体事件的研究甚少。对汛督办遗存下来的行政档案所记录的相关司法案件及其办理过程,揭示了对汛制度运行过程中具体的司法、行政事件所面临的多元复杂状况。由此层面观之,对汛督办的职能转变及其行政实践既是观察中越边境地区社会历史发展的重要参照,同时也反映出了边民社会中不同行为主体展现的能动性及边地社会复杂多元的图景,这为以边民为核心的边疆民族研究提供了制度运作与区域社会历史脉络参照。