中印边界纠纷中的地缘因素

印度是目前与我国存在领土争议面积最大的周边国家 ,边界问题是影响中印关系发展的最难解的死结。就其起源看 ,它不仅是个历史遗留问题 ,而且其中还包含着复杂的地缘因素。独立前英国的南亚次大陆地缘战略及印度独立后的陆上防御战略 ,都在边界纠纷中起着举足轻重的作用。本文将主要从地缘的视角来阐释一下中印边界问题。     

论陕甘根据地在民主革命中的历史地位

本文试图从中国革命战争的战略态势角度考察在新民主主义革命的历史进程中，党及其领导下的革命力量从失败和挫折走向胜利的转折点。指出红军长征胜利后党面临着巨大的危险与挑战。然而她依托最后的一块根据地，依靠正确的政治路线和斗争策略成功地摆脱了危机，走进力量大发展的历史时期。     

农民组织在陕甘宁边区减租斗争中的历史作用和现实启示——兼论农民组织对边区和谐乡村建设的作用

抗战爆发后，中国共产党制定了减租减息的土地政策。在陕甘宁边区开展的减租斗争中，农民组织起到了重要作用，即调动广大农民积极性，推动减租工作的开展；组织生产并支援抗战；进行有效的民众教育和动员，提高了农民的政治觉悟。农民组织对边区和谐乡村建设发挥的重要作用，对于今天社会主义新农村建设和和谐社会建设有着重要的启示意义。     

归义军时期的烽子与镇兵

利用敦煌文书对归义军时期兵役中的烽子和镇兵进行分析,得出的主要结论是:烽子役是基于土地的一项基本赋役内容,单身人户也不在豁免之列,但是在政策上单身人户上烽可以得到帖户的补助;关于军镇镇兵的来源,归义军政权至少采取了招募陷于经济困境的僧俗、官民的方式来补充军镇的部分兵员,而这些投充军镇者的债务则由政府代为偿还,他们的性质与唐中后期的募兵相似。     

1976年以来东帝汶的非常规死亡人口与难民

1975年东帝汶发生内战，随后印尼入侵并在当地展开高压统治20余年。根据拙文中的人口变化曲线图，印尼占领期间东帝汶出现了大批非常规的“失踪人口”，主要分为死亡人口和难民两部分。印尼官方并没有对此进行过系统的调查，其公布的当地人口总数也笼统地把1980年后迁移至东帝汶的印尼人包含在内，妨碍了国际社会调查与还原东帝汶在印尼统治期间出现大批非常规死亡人口的历史。     

陕甘宁边区劳模运动述论

陕甘宁边区劳模运动是延安时期党领导的大规模群众运动。它因时而生，经历了发起、初步发展、深入发展、高涨、调整巩固五个阶段，在边区各分区和各行业广泛开展，对增强抗战力量、巩固党的群众基础、提高人民群众的组织程度，起了积极的作用。     

The politics of institutional reform in Italy

This article reviews the recent Italian debate on possible constitutional and institutional reforms aimed at improving governmental decision‐making capacity. In the first section, the post‐war institutional developments are briefly discussed to show how the present problems have emerged. Various reform proposals affecting the electoral system, Parliament and government are then analysed, together with the political pre‐conditions and consequences linked to their possible adoption. With reference to these political considerations, the various kinds of reform are evaluated in terms of their capacity to achieve their goals and of their acceptability to the political parties.     

Impossible protest: noborders in Calais

Since the closure of the Red Cross refugee reception centre in Sangatte, undocumented migrants in Calais hoping to cross the border to Britain have been forced to take refuge in a number of squatted migrant camps, locally known by all as ‘the jungles.’ Unauthorised shanty-like residences built by the migrants themselves, living conditions in the camps are very poor. In June 2009, European ‘noborder’ activists set up a week-long protest camp in the area with the intention of confronting the authorities over their treatment of undocumented migrants. In this article, we analyse the June 2009 noborder camp as an instance of ‘immigrant protest.’ Drawing on ethnographic materials and Jacques Rancière's work on politics and aesthetics, we construct a typology of forms of border control through which to analyse the different ways in which the politics of the noborder camp were staged, performed and policed. Developing a critique of policing practices which threatened to make immigrant protest ‘impossible’, we highlight moments of protest which, through the affirmation of an ‘axiomatic’ equality, disrupted and disarticulated the borders between citizens and non-citizens, the political and non-political.     

边境地区境外边民跨境（违法）犯罪活动研究

随着我国改革开放的不断发展,边境地区边民往来逐渐频繁,境外边民跨境（违法）犯罪这种颇具区域性色彩的犯罪形式也随之出现日益严重的势头。研究和打击跨境（违法）犯罪具有其独特的必要性和紧迫性,本文从我国具有代表性的几个边境地区现实情况出发,研究境外边民跨境（违法）犯罪的概念、成因、类型、打击难度和打击防范对策等相关问题,旨在对惩治境外边民跨境（违法）犯罪实践提供有益的理论指导。     

Is There a Relationship Between Street Heroin Purity and Drug‐Related Emergencies and/or Drug‐Related Deaths? An Analysis from Vienna,Austria*

This study examines the quality of street heroin seized in Vienna in 1999 and whether there was a relationship between the purity of street heroin and the number of heroin-related emergencies as well as the number of heroin-related deaths. Street heroin confiscated by the Viennese police, run-sheets of drug-related emergencies, and postmortem reports of drug-related deaths in Vienna in 1999 were analyzed. A total of 415 retail samples with a total weight of 128.02 g contained a median percentage of 6.5% diacetylmorphine (range: 0.0-47.0%). All the samples contained a diluent, mainly lactose, as well as adulterants, such as caffeine and/or paracetamol. During the study period, 75 heroin-related deaths and 387 heroin-related emergencies were registered in Vienna. Time-series analysis revealed no statistically significant relationship between the rate of heroin-related incidents and the diacetylmorphine concentration of street heroin samples confiscated in Vienna in 1999. The widely held belief that the number of heroin-related deaths could be explained simply through fluctuations in the purity of street heroin could not be substantiated, even though the results of this study do not rule out an association between the purity of heroin and heroin-related deaths/emergencies.