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1.
Gladiator remains from a recently unearthed cemetery in ancient Ephesus (Turkey) offer a unique opportunity for proving common theories involving the weaponry and techniques of gladiator fighting based on the evidence supplied by cranial bones. This mass grave is the first of its kind to undergo a thorough osteological and forensic examination.A minimum number of individuals (MNI) analyses revealed that at least 68 individuals. All individuals found turned out to have been males aged between 20 and 30 years, except for one female associated with a female slave gravestone, and one male aged 45–55 years, had been buried in this area of the cemetery. The male mean body height was 168 cm (S.D. = 5 cm), which lies inside the normal range of height for Roman populations at those times.Eleven (16% of MNI) individuals exhibit a total of 16 well-healed antemortal cranial traumata. Five of the 11 individuals showed multiple trauma. Ten (15% of MNI) individuals exhibited a total of 10 perimortal cranial traumata. This is a surprisingly high frequency of deadly head injuries, taking into account that most of the gladiator types wore helmets. A possible explanation could be the frequently reported deathblow technique used by the hammer-carrying death god “Dis Pater”.The gladiator weaponry is well known through historical sources. At least one injury per known type of offensive weapon could be identified, as well as evidence for the most popular, the gladiator trident, which was found to be represented by one perimortem and two antemortem injuries. Overall the reportedly very strict nature of combat rules for gladiator fights could be confirmed by the absence of multiple perimortal traumatized individuals, showing a lack of the excessive violence commonly observed on medieval battle ground victims.This graveyard gives the opportunity to confirm historical aspects and to check the reliability of forensic methods for identification of antemortem, perimortem, or postmortem bone lesions. Typical examples for these kinds of lesions and injuries are presented. The colour of the margins of the traumata proved to be the most distinguishing feature for postmortal lesions.  相似文献   
2.
拥有人才优势,才能拥有竞争优势,这是一个不争的事实。作为人才流失最严重的企业类型之一——国有企业人才流失给企业带来的损失是巨大的,并导致商业泄密现象和劳动争议增多,影响到了企业生产经营上的连续性和稳定性,制约了国有企业的发展和人才整体素质的提高。对国有企业人才流失的成因进行分析,探讨国企吸纳和稳定人才的方法,寻找提高国有企业人力资源利用率的对策,正在成为相关主管部门和广大国有企业关注的焦点问题。  相似文献   
3.
大鼠液压冲击脑损伤TGF-β1及其受体TβR I的表达   总被引:7,自引:1,他引:6  
目的观察脑损伤后TGF-β1及其受体TβRI蛋白表达及其时序性变化,探讨脑损伤的分子机制及法医学脑损伤时间推断。方法用免疫组织化学方法观察大鼠液压冲击脑损伤后TGF-β1及其受体TβRI蛋白在伤后不同时间(30 min、1 h、3 h、6 h、12 h、1 d、3 d、7 d)的表达情况,以正常大鼠及手术大鼠作为对照。结果 (1)正常及手术对照组大鼠脑组织内有低水平的TGF-β1及TβRI表达;(2)脑损伤后1~3d,大脑皮质和脑干TGF-β1/TβRI蛋白表达逐渐增加,7 d时仍维持在高表达水平;(3)海马冲击后12 h~1 d逐渐增加,3 d时仍处于高表达水平,7 d时已开始下降。结论脑损伤可诱导TGF-β1/TβRI基因在脑内表达,其时序性改变可望用于法医学脑损伤时间推断。  相似文献   
4.
This article examines the use of Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) in helping a client address problems with persistent anxiety and a lack of self-esteem. During EMDR treatment, the client explored the dichotomous thinking that had plagued her since childhood, and correspondingly, the role of childhood physical and emotional abuse in her chronic feelings of inadequacy and anxiety. The client experienced significant improvement in her levels of anxiety and problems with self-esteem, both at the end of treatment and at 1-year follow up. Qualitative and quantitative data are utilized in this case study outlining the use of EMDR with a client diagnosed with dysthymic disorder.  相似文献   
5.
幼年牦牛松果体的光镜和电镜观察   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
利用光镜和电镜技术对幼年牦牛松果体的组织形态结构特征进行了研究。结果表明,光镜下,幼年牦牛松果体由松果体细胞、少量的神经胶质细胞、毛细血管和神经等组成。电镜下,松果体细胞的电子致密度低,细胞质内含有丰富的线粒体、粗面内质网、滑面内质网、高尔基复合体、微管、微丝和核糖体,典型异质细胞器突触带呈球形,多位于质膜附近。神经胶质细胞内的线粒体丰富,胞体突起呈球形膨大伸入到松果体细胞之间。松果体细胞以及神经胶质细胞间均存在突触和连接复合体。牦牛松果体内的毛细血管为连续型,远腹侧血管周围可见色素细胞。  相似文献   
6.
本文通过对一例被鉴定人眼部钝挫伤后出现视力下降,同时发现其患有脑星形细胞瘤的案例,讨论了如何准确地判定上述伤病关系,如何对该眼部钝挫伤的损伤程度作出公正、科学的法医学鉴定,并分析了伤病关系理论在法医学鉴定中的重要作用。  相似文献   
7.
张小宁 《法医学杂志》2007,23(3):213-215
应激相关障碍的损伤程度评定,因无统一的评定标准,成为司法鉴定中的一个难点和热点。不同专家提出的评定标准中对该类伤害评定为轻微伤、轻伤、或重伤的意见不一,甚至还有对轻伤再分级的,且各家对应激相关障碍的定义亦有差别。本文对有代表性的观点进行比较、分析后,进一步进行探讨并提出见解,认为该类伤害应该属于损伤并应该评定损伤程度。评定必须严格按照《中国精神障碍分类与诊断标准(第三版)》(CCMD-3)进行诊断,按照已有的损伤鉴定标准的原则,根据具体的临床种类、病情程度、病程及预后等综合考量,酌情作出不评定伤情程度,或评定为轻微伤、轻伤或重伤的结论,意在对此问题的解决有所帮助。  相似文献   
8.
由于症状表现的主观性以及当前客观检查方法所能提供证据的匮乏,加之赔偿伴生的症状伪装和夸大等问题,脑震荡后综合征患者的伤残评定鉴定意见一致性不高.在人体损伤赔偿纠纷中,脑震荡后综合征患者的伤残评定成为法医精神病鉴定的争议点和难题.通过对脑震荡及相关术语变化、脑震荡后综合征的发生率、症状表现及诊断标准、脑震荡后综合征客观评...  相似文献   
9.
Hacking trauma is prevalent in forensic cases involving genocide and dismemberment, but research into the identification of this type of trauma is lacking. The present study examines characteristics of hacking and blunt force skeletal trauma in order to determine if there is a point at which blunt force trauma becomes distinguishable from hacking trauma. Ten implements with a range of blade angles (i.e., the striking surface of the implement) were used in conjunction with a controlled-force hacking device to impact 100 limb bones of white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus). Observations of the trauma included the occurrence and degree of fragmentation, the entrance widths of the impacts, and composite scores of six hacking characteristics, especially the distinctive V-shaped kerf. ANOVA tests and regression analyses were used to assess the relationships between these characteristics and the blade angles. A significant relationship (p-value = 0.011) was found between the composite hacking scores and the blade angles, indicating that blunt force and hacking trauma can be distinguished. The entrance widths of the impacts exhibited a significant relationship with the blade angles (p-value = 0.037). There was also a significant relationship between the visibility of a V-shaped kerf in the bones (p-value = 0.003), with visibility decreasing around the 60° blade angle. These data should assist in establishing guidelines to differentiate hacking and blunt force skeletal trauma in cases where the implement is on a spectrum between sharp and blunt.  相似文献   
10.
Alistair Swale 《Japan Forum》2017,29(4):518-536
Within Japanese popular culture, manga and anime have played a significant role in mediating responses to the outcome of the Pacific War. Miyazaki Hayao's (possibly) final feature-length film, The Wind Rises, has been an important addition to the preceding body of popular media ‘texts’ that raise such themes. This article aims to address the question of how far cinematic animation can reasonably be obliged to follow the kinds of historiographical concerns that inevitably arise when engaging with Japan's militarist past. To answer this question, considerable space is devoted to examining the historical context of what others have done in the post-war period and integrate that commentary into an analysis of how the works of Takahata Isao and Miyazaki Hayao fit amongst a succession of creative works that have been co-opted in the reshaping of historical perceptions of the Japanese at war amongst the Japanese themselves. This will also require some incidental discussion of methodological issues that arise when dealing with such cases as vehicles for understanding transformations in historical consciousness. Ultimately it is argued that Miyazaki does indeed make an important contribution to the commentary on the Japanese war experience, although it must, perhaps unavoidably, be on highly personal terms so far as The Wind Rises is concerned.  相似文献   
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