排序方式: 共有31条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
21.
John Gilbert F.R.C.P.A. Mary N. Sheppard M.D. Roger W. Byard M.D. 《Journal of forensic sciences》2017,62(2):531-535
Two cases of occult pseudoaneurysms of the sinus of Valsalva (SoV) are reported to demonstrate different etiologies and lethal mechanisms. A previously well 9‐month‐old boy who suffered an unexpected fatal cardiorespiratory arrest was found at autopsy to have a ruptured pseudoaneurysm of the left SoV resulting in lethal hemopericardium. A 13.5‐month‐old boy died soon after presenting with a 24‐h history of poor feeding and reduced urine output. At autopsy, destruction of the noncoronary cusp of the aortic valve by bacterial endocarditis was found with extension of the inflammation into a pseudoaneurysm of the SoV with surrounding abscess formation involving the atrioventricular node. Death was most likely due to an arrhythmia. Pseudoaneurysms of the SoV are exceedingly rare but may result in sudden/unexpected death in infancy and early childhood from rupture or involvement of the conduction system or myocardium. Detailed cardiac examination is essential in all unexpected deaths in early life. 相似文献
22.
The Frontal Sinus Cavity Exhibits Sexual Dimorphism in 3D Cone‐beam CT Images and can be Used for Sex Determination 下载免费PDF全文
Isabela G. G. Choi M.Sc. Eduardo F. Duailibi‐Neto Ph.D. Thiago L. Beaini Ph.D. Renan L. B. da Silva D.D.S Israel Chilvarquer Ph.D. 《Journal of forensic sciences》2018,63(3):692-698
Few studies have assessed the use of the frontal sinus cavities for sex differentiation. In this study, a new methodology was used to assess the reliability of CBCT images of the frontal sinus cavity for determining sex based on the sexual dimorphism found in this anatomical structure. The survey sample consisted of 130 scans that were reconstructed three‐dimensionally. 3D images of the cavity volume in the frontal, lateral, and basal views were exported in TIFF. The following variables were measured in a second program: area, perimeter, bounding rectangle, ellipse fit, circularity, aspect ratio, roundness, solidity, and Feret's diameter. The methodology demonstrated the existence of sexual dimorphism with an accuracy of 80.0% in the logistic regression model. The basal view had the greatest explanatory power in the final model. This methodology may be used as an alternative way of determining a reliable biological profile during the analysis of skeletal remains. 相似文献
23.
D. Mayer A. Lukic V. Petrovecki M. Bakovic D. Strinovic J. Skavic 《Forensic Science International Supplement Series》2009,1(1):66-68
Introduction
Nasal polyposis (NP) is considered to be the state of chronic inflammation of nasal mucosa and sinuses presenting with various nasal symptomatology. In most cases, it is treated conservatively. Recently, functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS) was developed as the valuable and advantageous surgical procedure to treat NP. Despite the inherited risks of this procedure, its complication rate is considered to be acceptable compared to potential benefits for the patient.Case
Fifty-five-year-old man was admitted to the hospital for surgical removal of the nasal polypus. After the usual pre-surgery procedures, the patient underwent FESS. Under general anesthesia, left sphenoid sinus was opened and cleaned from the imflammatory discharge, polypus was excised, and following the trepanation the left maxillary sinus was left to drain out. Polypus and pieces of sinonasal mucosa were sent to pathohistological analysis, which yielded in diagnosis of inverted sinonasal papilloma.The early postoperative recovery was regular, but 2 h upon the surgery, the patient started to lose consciousness gradually falling into the state of coma. CT scan and angiography of the head revealed pneumocranium, defect of the left ethmoidal sinus, hematoma in the left frontal cerebral lobe, as well as the hemorrhage in all four cerebral ventricles. A series of neurosurgical procedures followed in the next 8 days. Despite the attempts to resolve above complications, the patient remained comatous and died 16 days after the polypectomy.Autopsy revealed the extensive oval-shaped defect on the skull base in the left posterior part of cribrous plate of the left ethmoid bone. The brain appeared swollen and heavily congested, showing the zone of subarachnoidal hemorrhage in basal face of left frontal lobe. Frontal serial sections revealed large intracerebral haematoma in basal periventricular structures of left frontal lobe extending to the whole ventricular system. Apart from the above, most prominent finding was bilateral bronchopneumonia. The cause of death was attributed to bronchopneumonia following the brain trauma, manner of death ruled as violent.Conclusion
Although majority of the patients suffering from chronic rhinosinusitis or NP recover well after the endoscopic surgery, the possibility of undesirable outcome must not be ignored. This case calls for assessment of potential medical liability caused by malpractice. Having in mind rather high prevalence of chronic rhinosinusitis and NP, legal aspects of postoperative death should be carefully analyzed. 相似文献24.
Tatlisumak E Yilmaz Ovali G Aslan A Asirdizer M Zeyfeoglu Y Tarhan S 《Forensic science international》2007,166(1):42-48
The aim of the study was to define a simple system for the identification of unknown bodies by using CT images of frontal sinus and to discuss whether it was worth to add measurements to the system or not. The system was including simple features as F (presence or absence of frontal sinus), S (intersinus and intrasinus septum) and S (scalloping), and named as FSS system. Measurements selected for the study were width, height, anteroposterior length, total width of two sinuses, the distance between the highest points of the two sinuses and the distance of each sinus to its maximum lateral limit. The study was conducted retrospectively on the paranasal CT scans of 100 cases (38 male and 62 female) who had no apparent sinonasal pathology. All the features and measurements were coded according to the system defined by the authors for each case and coded formulas were compared. At least 93% of the formulas could be eliminated for a case by using FSS system. The rate of success was increased to 98% by adding measurements. Contrary to objective criteria of FSS system, measurements were prone to bias. Therefore, in practice success rate would be expected to be lower than calculated. In the study population, instead of making 100 measurements, eliminating the most of the cases with FSS system and later discriminating the rest by pattern matching was seen logical. 相似文献
25.
Sex Estimation from Human Cranium: Forensic and Anthropological Interest of Maxillary Sinus Volumes 下载免费PDF全文
Thomas Radulesco M.D. Justin Michel M.D. Ph.D. Julien Mancini M.D. Ph.D. Patrick Dessi M.D. Ph.D. Pascal Adalian M.D. Ph.D. 《Journal of forensic sciences》2018,63(3):805-808
Sex estimation is a key objective of forensic science. We aimed to establish whether maxillary sinus volumes (MSV) could assist in estimating an individual's sex. One hundred and three CT scans were included. MSV were determined using three‐dimensional reconstructions. Two observers performed three‐dimensional MSV reconstructions using the same methods. Intra‐ and interobserver reproducibility were statistically compared using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) (α = 5%). Both intra‐ and interobserver reproducibility were perfect regarding MSV; both ICCs were 100%. There were no significant differences between right and left MSV (p = 0.083). No correlation was found between age and MSV (p > 0.05). We demonstrated the existence of sexual dimorphism in MSV (p < 0.001) and showed that MSV measurements gave a 68% rate of correct allocations to sex group. MSV measurements could be useful to support sex estimation in forensic medicine. 相似文献
26.
Maryam Paknahad M.Sc. Shoaleh Shahidi M.Sc. Zahra Zarei M.Sc. 《Journal of forensic sciences》2017,62(2):395-398
Sex determination of unknown persons plays an important role in forensic medicine. Cone‐beam computed tomography (CBCT) is an excellent imaging modality for accurate measurement of maxillary sinus dimensions. This study aimed to evaluate whether maxillary sinus measurements on CBCT scans can be applied for sex determination. The width, length, and height of maxillary sinuses in CBCT images of 100 patients (50 males and 50 females) were measured. Student's t‐test and discriminant function analysis were used to compare differences in the measured parameters between males and females. The correct predictive accuracy rate of sex determination was 78% in females and 74% in males with overall accuracy of 76%. Based on discriminant analysis, the most pronounced variable in differentiation of sex groups was maxillary sinus height. This study suggests that maxillary sinus measurements can be valuable for sex determination in forensic investigation, especially for cases in which other traditional methods are not applicable. 相似文献
27.
28.
29.
30.
Isabelle Le Blanc‐Louvry M.D. Ph.D. Fréderique Papin M.D. Emmanuelle Vaz M.D. Bernard Proust M.D. Ph.D. 《Journal of forensic sciences》2013,58(6):1640-1643
After strangulation, cervical arterial injuries (CAI) are uncommon. We report three unusual cases where strangulation induced immediate stroke. CAI were examined using brain CT scan and Doppler ultrasonography in the three cases and then by autopsy in one of the victims. One of the two victims who survived the attempted strangulation had a unilateral carotid dissection, whereas in the other victim, no arterial dissection or thrombosis was observed. As regards the deceased victim, the autopsy confirmed the bilateral dissection showed on CT scan and Doppler ultrasonic examination and revealed that both carotid arteries were dilated up to two times the normal diameter. Microscopic examination showed a major bilateral hemorrhagic dissection of the media with obliterating fibrous endarteritis lesions associated with inflammatory damage. CT scan with arteriography does not demonstrate all the different types of arterial injury, particularly atheromatous embolism, direct compression, or prolonged spasm. Thus, traditional autopsy remains an essential forensic tool after strangulation to show the type of CAI. 相似文献