.177 caliber pellet classification system and identification key

A classification system and identification key for .177 caliber air gun pellets was developed based on a five-class characteristic criterion. Sixty-eight pellet types from 15 companies were examined and compared. A classification system was developed based on the pellets' head shapes, skirt types, lengths, weights, and other markings or observations. In some cases, when a pellet is recovered from a crime scene, product brand identification may aid the investigation. Even though all product brands cannot be identified, various brands of pellets can be eliminated based on a pellet's class characteristics. The pellet producers in this study were located in the following countries: China, Czech Republic, England, Korea, Spain, and the United States. An identification key can be used for possible pellet identification or elimination.     

BK virus genotype distribution offers information of tracing the geographical origins of unidentified cadaver

There are no efficient methods to determine the geographic origin of unidentified cadavers. We showed earlier that the geographical distribution of the JC virus genotype detected from human kidneys indicates the host's geographical origin. As there are still cadavers from which we cannot detect the JC virus (JCV), we investigated whether the genotype of another virus species belonging to the same family, human BK virus (BKV), could also be used to detect human geographical origin. BKV was found in 11 of 36 cases (30.5%). Even in the seven JCV-negative cases, the host's geographic origin could be estimated from the BKV genotype. Four subjects were positive for both the BKV and JCV. As the distribution areas of BKV and JCV genotypes are not identical, it is possible to narrow down the geographic area that any cadaver originates from.     

论犯罪行为及其侦查意义

犯罪行为是刑事案件构成要素的核心,对其可能出现的相关形态进行全面地认识、分析,有助于拓宽侦查思路。不同刑事案件有不同犯罪形态。从犯罪行为相关形态的特点出发,可以更好地发现有关犯罪的线索和收集有关犯罪证据,甚至抓获犯罪嫌疑人。     

关于辨认措施法律规制的思考

作为侦查措施之一的辨认在侦查实践中存在许多问题。如实施前没有审批或者存在乱审批的现象,操作随意性大,辨认规则粗疏。这些问题的成因是多方面的。应对辨认措施在法律规制方面加以完善。     

离婚案件的心理调解研究

婚姻法规定离婚案件应当进行调解,但由于离婚案件除了涉及法律问题以外,更多地还会涉及到家庭伦理、情感和道德等问题。鉴于这类案件的特殊性以及法官在知识结构上的局限性,心理学方法的介入应当会从根本上提高离婚案件调解的质量,从而提高该类案件调解的成功率。主要针对当前我国离婚案件调解问题的现状提出诉讼离婚心理调解的概念,论述诉讼离婚心理调解的必要性和可行性。     

政治认同的含义、特征与功能

政治认同表示的是政治主体产生的对现存政治体系情感和意识上的归属感，以及基于特定利益而积极支持、参与政治体系的实践行为活动。政治认同具有社会性、意识性、多维性、动态性和实践性等特征。     

论我国侦查辨认制度的构建

我国刑事诉讼法中没有规定侦查辨认。现行的相关规定简陋粗疏,无法对侦查实践进行全面的指导和约束。应当重新构建我国的侦查辨认制度,明确辨认的法定地位,完善辨认规则体系,加强嫌疑人的权利保障,规定辨认结论的证据效力。     

恐怖犯罪案件法律适用的几个问题

《刑法修正案（三）》对我国现行刑法典有关恐怖犯罪的规定进行了修改和补充,主要体现在：取消了三个罪名、扩充了两个罪名、增加了三个新罪名。该修正案的颁布也引起了以危险方法危害公共安全罪内涵及外延的变化,新旧罪名、罪刑关系的变化,同时,修正案本身也存在某些缺陷和疏漏,这些问题需要在法律适用中引起注意。     

Should I stay or should I go?

Legal context: The European Patent Convention inherently allows parallel revocationproceedings to take place in the EPO and the domestic patentcourts. As a result, parties to UK patent proceedings frequentlyapply for a stay pending the outcome of proceedings in the EPO.There is commonly assumed to be a presumption in favour of thisstay, so long as it does not amount to an injustice. Key points: This article reviews the UK case law that has followed the Courtof Appeal decision in Kimberly-Clark, to see if this presumptionin favour of a stay is sustained. These cases show that, whendeciding whether to order a stay, judges perform a balancingexercise of a number of considerations. In practice it appearsthat these considerations easily topple the presumption. Practical significance: By providing a comparison of the considerations put before thecourts in the past, this article seeks to aid practitionersin judging those factors likely to affect the success of a stayapplication. It also highlights the lack of authority at appellatelevel on whether it is lawful for patent courts not to ordera stay.     

中国的民事法律与司法判例

民法法典化与反法典化,反映的是某一国家和地区市民社会的存在和发展对民法的需求和变动中的市民社会不断冲破法典的束缚,摈弃过时规范,认可新规范的事实。就中国而言,民事法律的法典化如火如荼,但实践中广泛存在的司法判例应用也是不争的事实。判例的作用,有以下四点:判决预测,促进理论发展,促进法律完善,法学教育的辅助手段。因而建议建立中国自己的判例制度。