论相对独立的辩护观——以辩护律师与被告人的关系为视角

我国长期以来一直坚持独立辩护观,实践中,这已经危及到了律师与被告人之间的信赖关系,以及被告人的利益及其主体地位。由此,有观点认为应改独立辩护观为被告人中心主义辩护观。但是,鉴于刑事辩护工作的专业性与公益性,为维护被告人的实质利益、社会公共利益与行业利益,律师辩护中仍需保持一定的独立性。因此,律师辩护应遵循相对独立的辩护观,明确独立辩护的具体内涵及其边界。     

Plea decision-making: the influence of attorney expertise,trustworthiness, and recommendation

ABSTRACT

Attorney recommendations influence defendant plea decisions; and the degree of influence likely rests on the perceived trustworthiness and level of expertise of the attorney (factors of source credibility). We explored attorney source credibility factors and how these characteristics influence defendants’ plea decision-making. MTurk participants read a hypothetical plea scenario and were asked to imagine themselves as the defendant in a DWI/DUI case making a plea decision; in the scenario, we manipulated the defense attorney’s level of trustworthiness, expertise, and plea recommendation. There was a significant interaction between attorney recommendation and trustworthiness on defendants’ plea decisions; participants who were advised to accept the guilty plea were more likely to plead guilty when the attorney was high in trustworthiness compared to low in trustworthiness. Attorney trustworthiness did not affect plea decisions for defendants advised to reject the guilty plea. Importantly, attorney trustworthiness affected defendants’ decision to follow the attorney’s recommendation and ultimate plea decision (regardless of expertise), and attorney expertise affected defendants’ confidence in their decision (regardless of trustworthiness). Results suggest individual-level characteristics of defense attorneys affect the influence of the attorney and their recommendation, and ultimately defendants’ plea decision-making.     

略论律师业务垄断权

律师业务垄断权是律师业发达国家的通行做法 ,其在我国的立法确立是形成法律职业团体、规范法律服务市场、完善律师制度本身的需要。基层法律服务制度和企业法律顾问制度应纳入律师制度之中。本文对律师业务垄断权进行初步检讨。     

深入实践科学发展观 培养基层青年检察人才

强化基层青年检察人才的培养,是全面推动检察工作可持续发展的着力点、突破点和增长点,把青年检察人才的培养工作推向更高层次,才能为各项检察事业的科学发展奠定坚实基础。本文从科学发展观与青年检察人才培养的关系,基层检察院青年检察人才培养存在的问题等角度出发,对加强基层院青年检察人才培养的措施进行了简要探究。     

社区矫正检察监督权研究

赋予检察机关社区矫正监督权,对社区矫正开展执行监督是新形势下检察机关监所检察工作贯彻科学发展观和落实宽严相济的刑事司法政策的具体体现。检察机关应针对当前社区矫正监督工作中的突出问题和薄弱环节,通过建议完善相关立法,完善配套工作机制等方式加大社区矫正检察监督力度。     

论律师在构建社会矛盾调节机制中的角色定位

律师由于自身的职业特点,决定了其在和谐社会构建中有着不可替代的作用。这就需要积极拓展律师工作在化解社会矛盾、促进社会稳定方面的功能,建立和完善一系列与构建和谐社会相关的法律制度,逐步形成畅通的民意表达机制、有效的利益协调机制、公正的纠纷调处机制、健全的社会管理机制和完善的权利救济机制。     

The Attorney–Client Relationship in Capital Cases and Its Impact on Juror Receptivity to Mitigation Evidence

The United States Supreme Court has placed a great deal of trust in the ability and willingness of capital jurors to consider mitigation evidence during sentencing deliberations as a constitutional aspect of capital sentencing. This paper examines the jurors’ perception of the affective warmth and friendliness shared by attorney and client, and the degree to which the defense attorney appears to regard the defendant as a close working member of the defense team. Using data obtained from interviews with 725 jurors in capital trials, regression analysis revealed that respondents were more receptive to mitigation evidence when they viewed the relationship between the attorney and client as warm and friendly, but less receptive when they reported the attorney–client as having a close working relationship. Analysis of interaction terms revealed that the negative effects of the close working relationship can be suppressed by modeling a warm affective attorney–client relationship.     

建立我国行政公益诉讼制度若干问题探讨

随着我国经济的发展与法律体系的健全，行政公益诉讼在我国已经成为一个热议领域。然而．我国现行法律还没有确立行政公益诉讼制度，但在一些发达国家，行政公益诉讼制度已经相当完备。因此．我国应在现行的行政公益诉讼理论的基础上，在拓宽起诉人资格、扩大受案范围、诉讼费用承担等方面．借鉴国外法治国家的经验，加快确立我国行政公益诉讼制度。     

A PRACTITIONER'S PERSPECTIVE ON UNIFIED FAMILY COURTS: CASE STUDIES

As a summary of simple examples demonstrating practical advantages of a family court, this article relates a few experiences from the perspective of a family law attorney who practices regularly in the Fulton County Family Division in Atlanta.     

WHY A LAWYER?—THE IMPORTANCE OF CLIENT‐DIRECTED LEGAL REPRESENTATION FOR YOUTH

This article begins with a discussion about the importance of ensuring that all children have lawyers in abuse and neglect cases. Lawyers provide a vital role in giving youth a voice in proceedings that sound profoundly affect their lives. The article then discusses why the client‐directed lawyer's role is consistent with federal law and legal ethics. Finally, the article discusses the growing support for client‐directed representation and what the American Bar Association has done to support this type of child representation.