“幼态持续”及其人文意蕴

幼态持续学说向我们揭示:人是永恒的儿童;童年是潜在适应的贮藏室;发育缓慢是人类个体童年的特征;发育缓慢使人类大受其益;等等。幼态持续学说在人文学科上最直接的贡献是它的儿童观意蕴。它也使儿童本位观念和童心主义哲学获得了生物学、进化论等自然科学方面有力的支持支援支撑。幼态持续学说对童年的发现,对于改变以童年为敌的社会现实具有重要意义,对于小觑童年、毁坏童年、急匆匆将儿童赶往成年世界的想法和做法,是一剂解药。     

嫖宿幼女罪再思考——一种国际公约的视角

嫖宿幼女罪自其设立之时就在学者中间存有争议,近年来发生的几起影响较大的嫖宿幼女案,更将争论推向社会各界。在这些争论中,更多的意见是废除嫖宿幼女罪,将嫖宿幼女并人奸淫幼女,以强奸罪论处。从国际公约的视角来看,嫖宿幼女罪的罪名确属不当,然而,将嫖宿幼女合并于奸淫幼女的意见也值得商确,事实上也难以实现。综合考虑各种因素,建议废除嫖宿幼女罪,将嫖宿幼女当作强迫幼女卖淫,以强迫卖淫罪论处。     

The only solution is revolution: the Spanish Confederación Nacional de Trabajo and the problem of unemployment in Republican Spain, 1931–1933

Although the Great Depression has been the subject of much research, focus normally centers on the impact instead of the tactics developed by working-class organizations to tackle the problems it caused, specifically unemployment. Recent research has sought to fill this gap, but numerous areas remain uncovered. This paper covers two of these: the situation in Spain and the reaction of anarcho-syndicalist union – the Confederación Nacional de Trabajo. Spain presents an anomalous case; a country that saw the replacement of a semi-fascist dictatorship by a democracy in the 1930s. Furthermore, the fact that the initial government of the Spanish Second Republic included the Socialists provides an opportunity of comparing and contrasting the positions and policies of reformist and revolutionary workers’ organizations. The study is based on predominantly on articles appearing in the CNT newspaper Solidaridad Obrera. The conclusion reached is that for the CNT rising unemployment was a symptom of an irreversible trend in a failing capitalist system, which could only be solved by the revolutionary overthrow of that system. Nonetheless, the union had to present plausible solutions to ameliorate the conditions of the workers to attract the unemployed and thus, create a force strong enough to lead that revolutionary change.     

柴郁温胆汤及其拆方对慢性应激抑郁大鼠的作用

目的 研究柴郁温胆汤及其拆方对慢性应激抑郁模型大鼠的治疗作用。方法 选择旷场行为学评分相近的56只大鼠,随机分为正常组、模型组、柴郁温胆汤组、调气血组、化痰组、养心脾组、马普替林组,每组8只,以孤养联合慢性不可预见性轻度应激方法复制大鼠抑郁模型,对大鼠进行旷场行为学测定并评分,对大鼠进行糖水消耗实验并测定体质量变化,并采用高效液相色谱-电化学方法检测大鼠大脑前额叶脑皮质去甲肾上腺素(norepinephrine,NE)、5-羟色胺(5-hydroxytryptamine,5-HT)的含量。结果 模型组大鼠旷场行为评分水平活动和垂直活动均显著下降(P<0.05,或P<0.01),蔗糖水消耗量明显下降(P<0.01),体质量增长缓慢(P<0.05,或P<0.01),脑内NE、5-HT含量降低（P<0.05）。柴郁温胆汤及部分拆方能显著改善模型大鼠的行为学变化（P<0.05,或P<0.01),增加大鼠脑内NE、5-HT的含量（P<0.05）。〖JP〗结论 柴郁温胆汤及其拆方具有抗抑郁作用,其中全方的抗抑郁作用优于各拆方。     

社区老年抑郁症患者中医体质与辨证分型临床特征研究

目的 研究社区老年抑郁症患者的中医证候学特征临床,为抑郁症的临床治疗和健康保健提供依据。方法 采用多阶段随机抽样方法,抽样调查上海市浦东新区5个街镇25个村居委会55岁以上常住人口,筛查老年抑郁症,再对抑郁症患者进行中医体质辨识和辨证分型,考察其中医体质类型、证型、临床分型的关系。结果 抽样4 600例,回收有效问卷4 047份,筛查出抑郁症患者519例,其体质类型以气郁质、阳虚质、气虚质最多,分别是122、99、99例,此3类体质占抑郁症总数的61.66%,其次是平和质、阴虚质、血瘀质、痰湿质、湿热质、特禀质,分别为94、37、26、18、17、7例。中医证型以肝郁气滞型最多,为141例,其次是肝郁脾虚型、心脾两虚型、肝肾阴虚型,分别是132、77、59例。结论 老年抑郁症多为“情志之郁,因郁而病”,初起以气滞气郁为主,多为实证,久则由实转虚,导致脏腑气血阴阳亏虚。     

原因不明性不孕症中医证候分析

目的 探讨原因不明性不孕症的中医证候特点,为中药治疗原因不明性不孕症提供辨证依据.方法 根据不孕症诊断标准,将219例不孕症患者分为研究组(原因不明性不孕症)108例和对照组(配偶不育症导致的不孕症)111例,分析并比较两组中医证候分布特征,采用二项分类Logistic回归分析原因不明性不孕症的危险证候,以及中医证候与...     

Are Children's Best Interests Really Best? ZH (Tanzania) (FC) v Secretary of State for the Home Department

Although the Supreme Court's decision in ZH (Tanzania) is an important one, as this note explains, it is less novel than many suppose – and is in some ways disappointing. By stressing the importance of immigrant children's best interests, it fails to use this opportunity to promote their Convention rights effectively.     

EDITORIAL

Abstract

Jane Addams (1860-1935), founder of Hull House in Chicago, was a social worker, sociologist, criminologist, feminist, and pacifist. She dedicated her life to caring for the underprivileged and oppressed and to fighting for the rights of workers, women, and children. This paper examines her life and seeks to demonstrate her many contributions to sociology, criminology, and society. Among her pioneer works in criminology that have not been recognized are the ecological maps of Chicago that preceded Park's and Burgess' concentric zone theory, social justice issues such as child labor, compulsory education, and juvenile offenders. She also was a peace activist during World War I and many of her ideas and concepts are found in the peacemaking writings of current criminologists.